Bakerius peruvianus Dooley and Smith-Pardo, 2016

Dooley, John W. & Smith-Pardo, Allan, 2016, Five new species of Bakerius Bondar (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae: Aleurodicinae) from the Americas and Vietnam, Insecta Mundi 2016 (518), pp. 1-59 : 13-15

Host. Asteraceae ; Loranthaceae , Myrtus sp. (Myrtaceae) and unknown host.

Material examined. One puparium misidentified as B. intermedius , Brazil on myrtle ( Myrtus sp ,) 1973 by J. Bondar (Q20632); two puparia misidentified as B. sanguineus Bondar (listed as cotype on the slide but identified as B. attenuatus by A. B. Hamon, 29-viii-1978; two puparia (2 slides, Q20632), Brazil on myrtle, 1973 by J. Bondar; one puparium, Bahia, Brazil on Loranthaceae , date unknown, J. Bondar; five puparia: Bahia, Brazil on unknown plant, 1923 by J. Bondar. (Q23297); 3 puparia: Alejandria (Ant.), Colombia on composite plant, 1972 by R. Valez (72-5078, #9); six puparia and one 2 nd stage nymph, S. D. De Los Colorados, Ecuador on unknown plant, 5-xii-74 E.J.Hambleton, #21. One adult female and one adult male: Alejandria (Ant.), Colombia on composite plant, 1972 by R. Valez (72-5078, #9). Deposited in the USNHM.

Comments. This is the only species with both the pale and pigmented forms of the puparium ( Fig. 4 a-d). The pigmentation is extremely variable with various patterns cited in Bondar (1923) and also observed in specimens deposited in the USNHM collection. The pupal length and width and the extent of the pigmentation vary depending upon the country from which the specimens were collected. The puparia from Ecuador were the largest, 1945-1987 long; followed by those from Colombia 1771-1796 long; and the smallest from Brazil 1313-1549 long (as recorded by Bondar). The coloration of the puparia varies from completely pale or pigmented only around the vasiform orifice to being pigmented on the cephalothorax and the abdominal regions. The pale form of B. attenuatus differs from B. glandulosus by having one complete row of marginal teeth as compared to the latter with two complete rows ( Hempel 1938); from B. sanguineus by the size of the loculate pores which are 3 to 6 μm in diameter in the former, whereas those of the latter are 7-9 μm in diameter. The pigmented form varies in the coloration pattern from being only pigmented around the vasiform orifice to being pigmented on the cephalothorax and the abdominal regions. The puparium shape is ovoid compared to the elongated shape and the acute anterior and posterior margins in B. asiaticus and Bakerius peruvianus Dooley and Smith-Pardo sp. nov.

Bakerius calmoni Bondar 1928

( Fig. 7 a-k)

Description. Puparium habitus. (Based on translation of Bondar 1928). Body ovoid ( Fig. 7a ), wider near posterior margin; 1600 μm long by 1200 μm wide, yellowish pale, with a slight smoky appearance except on the dorsal posterior submarginal area of the abdomen. Slide mounted puparium. Measurements in microns (μm) [were taken from four specimens from the USNHM. Body ovoid 1571-1640 [1606] long by 1053-1149 [1101] wide.

Dorsal pigmentation. ( Fig. 1c, 7a ). Cuticle pigmented light brown except for the marginal teeth and the margin and the area immediately surrounding the compound pores which are yellowishpale. Area surrounding vasiform orifice pigmented darker brown than the rest of the cuticle with a faint tessellated pattern directly below and adjacent to the lateral margins of the vasiform orifice, becoming darker around the vasiform orifice.

Margin. Row of apically rounded teeth ( Fig. 7c ), subequal in width, and separated; basal area of teeth forming a narrow collar; 2-4 pronged forked structures ( Fig. 7d ) extend from the base between each marginal tooth to the margin. Puparial margin smooth with small amorphous granules between the margin and the outer row of teeth.

Pores. CP1, CP2 (on A2), and CP3 (on A4) present with the following diameters: CP1: 55-61 [58], CP2: 56-67 [61], and CP3 ( Fig.7e ): 54-62 [58]. Central process ( Fig. 7b ) is cone shaped, light brown, slightly curved and imbricated when present extending half its length from the rim of the pore with the following lengths: CP1 process: 58-67 [63], CP2 process: 56-79 [67], and CP 3 process central process: 56-75 [65]; central lumen consists of an outer annulus (ring of cells) with larger cells and an inner ring with smaller cells. Minute loculate pores present primarily at the base of the teeth and scattered on the dorsum; simple disc pores of various sizes distributed on the dorsum not closely associated with compound pore ( Fig. 7j ); 8-12 disc pores present on the reticulated floor ( Fig. 7h,k ) of the vasiform orifice.

Chaetotaxy. ( Fig. 7f ). AMS 21-25 [23] and PMS 24-38 [31]; ASMeS and PSMeS ( Fig. 7f and i ) present on segments C1, C2, T1, T2, T3, A8, with lengths: ASMeS(C1) 11-27 [19], ASMeS(C2) 17-22 [19], ASMeS(T1) 15-26 [20], ASMeS(T2) 15-30 [22], ASMeS(T3) 18-26 [22], PSMeS(A8) 30-50 [40]; ventral setae present, AVS(T2) 24-33 [27], AVS(T3) 25-39 [33], PVS(A8) absent, PVS (VO) 24-36 [30] ( Fig. 7h ) on the lateral border of vasiform orifice about half way from anterior margin to base; CS present 19-46 [33]; six submarginal setae present on each side of the cephalothoracic and abdominal segments with ASDS 13-32 [19] and PSDS 14-31 [23] with eight setae sampled.

Vasiform orifice. ( Fig. 7g ). Elongate with slight lateral narrowing ( Fig. 7i ) below level of operculum and 117-125 [120] long and 85-98 [90] wide with posterior floor of vasiform orifice reticulated ( Fig. 7h,k ) with disc pores visible through the lingula; operculum ( Fig. 7i,k ) rectangular, 59-63 [61] long and 82-86 [84], with a bisinuate posterior margin and marked with a spinulose U-shaped band; lingula ( Fig. 7i,k ) conical 66-78 [74] long by 57-76 [62] wide; tubercle present on posterior border of orifice. Faintly tessellated ( Fig. 7h ) posterior to and lateral of the vasiform orifice (best seen at 40x phase contrast). Distance from posterior margin of vasiform orifice is 156-165 [160].

Venter. T1 legs oriented toward the anterior margin and the T2 and T3 legs oriented toward the posterior margin; each with a terminal claw. Long ventral seta, AVS (T2) and AVS (T3), observed at base of the first segment of each meso-metathoracic leg.

Distribution. Neotropical: Brazil.

Figures

Figure 4. Bakerius attenuatus (pupa). a) pigmented habitus at vasiform orifice only; b) and c) variable pigmentation; d) pale form; e) central process and compound pore; f) rostrum, ASMeS(C1 and C2); g) row of marginal teeth and margin with Y or forked-shaped structures; h) venter of vasiform orifice showing reticulated floor, associated pores, and PVS(VO) pair; i) loculate pores; j) dorsum of vasiform orifice with PSMeS(A8), operculum, lingual.

Figure 7. Bakerius calmoni. a) pigmented habitus; b) compound pore and central process; c) marginal teeth; d) fork-like processes to margin arising between teeth; e) A4 compound pores with central processes anterior to vasiform orifice; f) ASDS and ASMeS C1 and C2); g) reticulated floor of anal area surrounding vasiform orifice; h) PVS(VO) and reticulated cuticle; i) spinulose operculum and lingula; j) illustration of part of abdomen showing loculate and simple pore distribution; k) reticulation posterior of vasiform orifice.