Loxosceles laeta ( Nicolet, 1849 )

Brescovit, Antonio D., Taucare-Ríos, Andrés, Magalhaes, Ivan L. F. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2017, On Chilean Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae): first description of the males of L. surca and L. coquimbo, new records of L. laeta and three remarkable new species from coastal deserts, European Journal of Taxonomy 388, pp. 1-20 : 3-7

Loxosceles laeta ( Nicolet, 1849)

Figs 1A , 9A , 10

Scytodes laeta Nicolet, 1849: 349

( female syntypes from Chile, supposedly deposited in MNHN, probably lost) .

Loxosceles laeta – Simon 1900: 49. — Gertsch 1967: 147–152, pl. 6, figs 1–9, pl. 7, figs 1–5, 8–9 (full synonymy list). — World Spider Catalog 2017.

Diagnosis

Loxosceles laeta could be confused in Chile only with the sympatric L. surca . It is easily distinguished from L. surca by the anterior border of the carapace not too hirsute, the male palp with tibia medially incrassate and four times longer than the cymbium ( Fig. 1A ). The female internal genitalia are very similar to those of L. surca , but can be recognized by the transverse enlargement at the base of the tubular receptacle, which is usually angled or produced into a distinct tubercle or short blind, finger-like projection (see Gertsch 1967: pl. 6, figs 3–4, 6–9).

Material examined

CHILE. I Región de Tarapacá: Tamarugal, 1 ♀, Huara , Pisagua , 19.6 S, 70.21667 W, 15 Nov. 1941, J. Bird leg. ( AMNH); Iquique, 2 ♀♀, Iquique city , 20.21389 S, 70.1525 W, May 2002, G. Arriagada leg. ( MNHNCL); 1 ♂, ditto, 15 May 2010, A. Taucare-Ríos leg. ( IBSP 167070 ); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, ditto, 16 Jun. 2011 ( IBSP 167072 ); 1 ♂, Altoda, Usmagama , 19.743056 S, 69.219722 W, 3400 m a.s.l., 9 Feb. 1993, L.E. Peña leg. ( AMNH) ; 2 ♀♀, 1 immature (imm.), Punta Patache, 20.81067 S, 70.18725 W, 19 m a.s.l., 13 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. ( IBSP 167064 ); 3 ♀♀, 20 imms, Pisagua, Punta Picholo, 19.6 S, 70.21667 W, Nov. 1941, J. Bird leg. (AMNH); 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 10 imms, ditto, Nov. 1994 (AMNH); Tamarugal, 1 ♂, Huara , Quebrada Tarapacá , 19.92333 S, 69.50883 W, 1416 m a.s.l., 11 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. ( IBSP 167065 ) ; 1 ♂, 5 ♀♀, 15 imms, Pozo Almonte, La Tirana, La Huayca, 20.43567 S, 69.54533 W, 990 m a.s.l., 10 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A. J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. (IBSP 167057); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, 9 imms, Pica, Canchones , Centro Experimental Canchones , near La Huayca , 20.445 S, 69.53383 W, 982 m a.s.l., 10 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. ( IBSP 167062 ) ; 5 ♀♀, 9 imms, Tarapacá, Humberstone, 20.20581 S, 69.79406 W, 1983, E. A. Maury leg. ( MACN 21477). – II Región de Antofagasta : Antofagasta 1 ♂, 1 ♀, María Elena , 21.91667 S, 69.8 W, 1938 ( AMNH) ; 7 ♂♂, 17 ♀♀, 6 imms, Antofagasta, 23.65 S, 70.4 W, 1989, J. Vidal leg. ( IBSP 4663 ) ; 1 ♀, 1 imm., La Chimba, 23.52132 S, 70.37787 W, 268 m a.s.l., 15 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A. J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. (IBSP 167067); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 4 imms, Vertedero Municipal , 23.533 S, 70.3833 W, 100 m a.s.l., 15 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. ( IBSP 167060 ) ; 1 ♂, 8 imms, Mejillones, Mejillones, 23.105 S, 70.46267 W, 23 m a.s.l., in garbage, 14 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A. J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. ( IBSP 167055); 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 4 imms, Taltal , 25.283333 S 69.766667 W, 24 Oct. 1985, G. Arriagada leg. ( MHNS) ; 3 ♀♀, 1 imm., Taltal, 5 km from Taltal, 25.34698 S, 70.44578 W, 24 m a.s.l., in a cave by the road, 17 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A. J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. ( IBSP 167056); 6 ♀♀, Caleta Hueso, 25.39083 S, 70.47361 W, 28 Jan. – 4 Feb. 1941, J. Bird leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, 1 imm., Paposo, 22.9 S, 69.31667 W, 2002, O. León leg. ( MNHNCL). – III Región de Atacama : Chañaral, 1 ♀, 3 imms, Chañaral , 26.35577 S, 70.63795 W, 12 m a.s.l., 17 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. ( IBSP 167058 ) ; Copiapó, 1 ♀, 3 imms, Atacama, Copiapó, Caleta Pajonales , 27.73533 S, 70.98895 W, 141 m a.s.l., 10 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. ( IBSP 167079 ) ; 2 ♀♀, Caldera, Calderilla , 27.0936 S, 70.85217 W, 25 m a.s.l., 10 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. ( IBSP 167087 ) ; 2 ♀♀, 4 imms, Puerto Viejo, 27.33708 S, 70.93197 W, 85 m a.s.l., 10 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 167083); Huasco, 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, 2 imms, Atacama, Caleta Chañaral de Aceituno, 29.0788 S, 71.48782 W, 18 m a.s.l., 11 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 167075); 1 ♂, 3 imms, Carrizalillo, 29.10455 S, 71.40623 W, 124 m a.s.l., 11 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 167081); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, 5 imms, Vallenar, 27 km W of Vallenar, 28.56667 S, 70.75 W, 105 m a.s.l., 7 Jan. 1985, N. Platnick and O. Francke leg. (AMNH); 2 ♀♀ imms, El Tránsito, 28.8769 S, 70.2805 W, 1100 – 1600 m a.s.l., 25– 27 Oct. 1980, L.E. Peña leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, 1 imm., Freirina, 28.5 S, 71.0667 W, 27– 28 Oct. 1980, L.E. Peña leg. (AMNH). – IV Región de Coquimbo: Choapa, 1 ♀, Coquimbo Canela Baja, 31.40575 S, 71.46003 W, 7 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 167080); 1 ♀, Salamanca, La Jonquera, 31.76667 S, 70.96667 W, 19– 20 Jul. 1961, D. Gonzalez leg. (AMNH); Coquimbo, 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 4 imms, Coquimbo, 29.95 S, 71.3334 W, Mar. 2002, H. Niemeyer leg. (MNHNCL); Elqui, Coquimbo, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 29.90778 S, 71.25417 W, no date, R. Wagenknecht leg. (MNRJ 58027); 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀, 3 imms, La Higuera, Caleta Hornos, 29.62733 S, 71.28072 W, 8 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 167082); 1 ♀, Chungungo, 29.4446 S, 71.30283 W, 34 m a.s.l., 11 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 167085); 1 ♂, Valle del Elqui, Los Choros, 29.23333 S, 71.45 W, 6–9 Sep. 2007, J. Pizarro-Arraya et al. leg. (LEULS); 1 ♀, La Serena, Compania Baja, Llanos, 29.91667 S, 70.96667 W, 16 Jun. 2007, A. Gonzales and Y. Laques leg. (LEULS); 1 ♀, ditto (LEULS); 1 ♀, 1 imm., La Serena, Colina El Pino , 29.9 S, 70.2432 W, 13Apr. 2010, Grupo 1 Lab. leg. (LEULS); 1 ♀, ditto, 29.91135 S, 70.2432 W, 57 m a.s.l., 16 Aug. 2013, M. Hurtado leg. (LEULS); 1 ♀, ditto, 29.9 S, 71.25 W, 6 Aug. 1961, A.F. Archer leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, La Serena, 29.9 S, 70.2432 W, 20 Jul. 2013, P.A. Róten leg. (LEULS); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 3 imms, Sector Parque Cori, 29.9 S, 71.23333 W, 12 May 2011, P. Yera B. leg. (LEULS); 1 ♀, Valle del Elqui, La Marqueza, 29.94158 S, 70.95792 W, in a farm, 2008, J. Pizarro-Arraya et al. leg. (LEULS); 1 ♀, Vicuña, Diaguitas, 30.0166 S, 70.65 W, (LEULS); 2 ♀♀, ditto (LEULS); 3 ♀♀, 1 imm., ditto (LEULS); 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 4 imms, ditto (LEULS); 1 ♂, ditto, 1 Jan. 2006 (LEULS); 1 ♀, 3 imms, ditto (LEULS); 1 ♀, ditto, 13 Aug. 2004 (LEULS); 1 ♀, ditto, 18 Sep. 2006 (LEULS); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, ditto, Jan. 2008 (LEULS); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, ditto, 19 Sep. 2007, L.S.C. and J.V. leg. (LEULS); Limarí, 3 ♀♀, 5 imms, Combarbalá, La Ligua Baja, 31.0251 S, 71.04028 W, 7 Sep. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 167076); 1 ♀, Ovalle, Camiño a Fray Jorge, 30.59622 S, 71.65365 W, 388 m a.s.l., 12 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit and I.L.F. Magalhaes leg. (IBSP 167084); 1 ♀, 2 imms, Ovalle, 30.58333 S, 71.2 W, 6 Aug. 2005, P. Augusto leg. (LEULS); 1 ♀, 8 imms, ditto, 30.56783 S, 71.18175 W, 337 m a.s.l., 8 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 167074). – RM, Región Metropolitana de Santiago: Santiago, 1 ♀, Santiago, Cerro Blanco, 33.41963 S, 70.63333 W, Oct. 1961, Franczinek leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, El Canelo, Cajón del Maipo, 33.63333 S, 70.35 W, 850 m a.s.l., Nov. 1984, L.E. Peña leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, 6 imms, Parque Quinta Normal, 33.44071 S, 70.6826 W, in a house, May 1985, O. León leg. (MNHNCL); 1 ♀, Quilicura, 33.36667 S, 70.75 W, May 1979, L. Peña leg. (AMNH); 2 ♀♀, ditto, Oct. 1979 (AMNH); 1 ♂, Parque Quinta Normal, 33.44056 S, 70.6825 W, in house, behind a portrait, May 2002, O. León leg. (MNHNCL); 2 ♀♀, 2 imms, ditto, 33.45 S, 70.7 W, 1984, O. León leg. (MNHNCL); 1 ♀, ditto, 1985 (MNHNCL); 1 ♀, 1 imm., ditto (MNHNCL); 2 ♀♀, Renca, 33.38333 S, 70.7 W, 3 Oct 1983, Trarrazaval leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, ditto, G. Mann leg. (AMNH); 2 ♀♀, ditto, 33.45 S, 70.66667 W, (AMNH); 2 ♀♀, 2 imms, ditto, 33.36667 S, 70.75 W (AMNH); 1 ♀, ditto, (AMNH); 1 ♂, ditto, Oct. 1953, M. Toro G. leg. (AMNH); 4 ♂♂, ditto (AMNH); 3 ♀♀, ditto (AMNH); 3 ♀♀, ditto (AMNH); 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 1 imm., ditto, 33.45 S, 70.7 W, 1 Oct. 2009, T.H. Kawamoto leg. (IBSP 161391). – V Región de Valparaíso: Marga Marga, 1 ♂, 1 imm., Olmué, Olmué, 32.99103 S, 71.17318 W, in a house, 31 Jan. 2013, H. Wood and C. Griswold leg. (CAS 9053184; CAS 9053251); Valparaíso, 1 ♀, Melipilla, Casablanca, 33.3 S, 71.38333 W, Jan.–Mar. 1955, E. Reed leg. (AMNH); 2 ♀♀, 1 imm., ditto, 33.31667 S, 71.41667 W, no date, G. Tobar leg. (MNRJ 632); 4 ♀♀, 2 imms, Quillota, Ocoa, Borda del Parque Nacional La Campana, 32.915 S, 71.09033 W, 355 m a.s.l., 23 Mar. 2013, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 163704); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 3 imms, Valparaíso, 32.88333 S, 71.26667 W, Jan. 1979, A. Tobar leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, 1 imm., ditto, 33.06306 S, 71.63333 W, Feb. 1954, E. Reed leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, Quintero, Valparaíso, Las Dunas, 32.93806 S, 71.55639 W, 11–12 May 1962, Donoso and Archer leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, 1 imm., San Felipe, San Felipe, 32.706 S, 70.73733 W, 670 m a.s.l., 6 Apr. 2013, A.D. Brescovit and I.L.F. Magalhães leg. (IBSP 163718); 1 ♀, Valparaíso, Cascabelles, 31.99045 S, 71.50905 W, 14 Nov. 2013, A.D. Brescovit and I.L.F. Magalhaes leg. (IBSP 167088); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Sector El Carretón, 32.11667 S, 71.26667 W, 26 Feb. 2006, F. Perez leg. (LEULS); 1 ♀, Viña del Mar, 33.03333 S, 71.53333 W, Jan. 1979, A. Tobar leg. (AMNH); 1 ♀, ditto, Feb. 1978 (AMNH); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 3 imms, ditto, Feb. 1979 (AMNH); 4 ♀♀, 1 imm., ditto, Apr. 1979 (AMNH); 1 ♂, ditto, Jun. 1979 (AMNH); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, ditto, Aug. 1978 (AMNH); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, ditto, Oct. 1978 (AMNH); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 imm., ditto, Dec. 1978 (AMNH); 1 ♀, ditto, 27 Jul. 1965 (IBSP 1946). – VII Región del Maule: Talca , 1 ♀, Talca , 35.43306 S, 71.66667 W, in a house, Sep.–Nov. 2003, C. Muñoz leg. (CAS 9053262). – VIII Región del Bío-Bío: Concepción, 1 ♀, Concepción, Campus Universidad de Concepción, 36.8275 S, 73.03889 W, 7 Dec. 1998, J. Artigas leg. (UCCC); 1 ♀, ditto, 36.83333 S, 73.05 W, 29 Dec. 1995 (UCCC); 1 ♀, ditto, 36.8275 S, 73.03333 W, 12 Jan. 1986, M. Marchant leg. (UCCC); 1 ♀, 3 imms, ditto, 20 Sep. 2004, J. Artigas leg. (UCCC); 1 ♀, ditto, 3 Oct. 2004 (UCCC); 1 ♀, ditto, 6 Oct. 2004 (UCCC); 1 ♀, ditto, 36.83333 S, 73.05 W, 18 Feb. 2003 (UCCC); 1 ♂, ditto, 25 Mar. 1985, S. Cekalovic leg. (AMNH). – IX Región de la Araucanía: Cautín, 1 ♂, Temuco, Temuco, 38.75 S, 72.83333 W, no date, no collector (MNHNCL). – X Región de los Lagos: Osorno, 1 ♀, Osorno, Purranque, 40.91667 S, 73.16667 W, Jan.–Mar. 1955, E. Reed leg. (AMNH). – XIV Región de los Ríos: Valdivia , 1 imm., Valdivia, Valdivia , 39.8 S, 73.23333 W, Apr. 1985, C. Arraigada leg. (MNHNCL). – XV Región de Arica y Parinacota: Arica , 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, San Miguel de Azapa, 18.51722 S, 70.19194 W, 27 Jan. 1973 (AMNH); 1 ♀, 1 imm., Lluta River Valley, 18.41139 S, 70.31972 W, GuicMann leg. (AMNH); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Poconchile, 18.45083 S, 70.07017 W, 11 m a.s.l., 12 Jul. 2012, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos and A. Taucare-Ríos leg. (IBSP 167063); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Valle de Azapa, 3 km S of San Miguel Azapa, 18.53417 S, 70.0 W, 24 Jan. 2014, A. Taucare-Ríos leg. (IBSP 167069); 1 ♀, ditto (IBSP 167068); 1 imm., ditto, 18.51667 S, 70.18333 W, urban area, 27 May 1980, N. Hidrino leg. (UCCC); 1 ♂, ditto, 28 Dec. 1988, B. Roth leg. (CAS 9057745); 2 ♀♀, ditto, 18.475 S, 70.31444 W, 27 Feb. 1986 (UCCC); 2 imms, ditto, 18.51667 S, 70.18333 W, 1980, J. Artigas leg. (UCCC); 1 imm., ditto, 21 May 1980, N. Hidrino leg. (UCCC); 1 imm., ditto, 26 Feb. 1980 (UCCC); 1 ♂, ditto (UCCC); 2 imms, ditto, 18.51722 S, 70.17611 W, 22 May 1980, Nelson leg. (UCCC); 1 imm., ditto, in a house, 27 May 1980, J. Artigas leg. (UCCC); 1 ♀, ditto, W, 1 Apr. 1980, Nelson leg. (UCCC); 1 imm., ditto, in a house, 1 Apr. 1980 (UCCC); 1 imm., ditto, 27 Feb. 1980, N. Hidrino leg. (UCCC); 1 ♀, Camarones, Taltape, Camarones Valley, 19.145 S, 70.17306 W, 29 Jan. 1973 (AMNH); Arica , 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Arica , 3 km S of San Miguel de Azapa, 18.53417 S, 70.0 W, 24 Jan. 2014, A. Taucare-Ríos leg. (IBSP); 1 ♀, ditto, 24 Jan. 2015 (IBSP); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 12 imms, Valle de Azapa, 18.475 S, 70.31444 W, 800 m a.s.l., 29–31 Jan. 1992, L.E. Peña leg. (AMNH); Parinacota, 4 ♀♀, 1 imm., Putre, 100 km E of Zapahuira, 18.35333 S, 69.61833 W, 2003, A.A. Ojanguren Affilastro leg. (MACN 21408); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Putre, Zapahuira, 18.26667 S, 69.0 W, 30 Oct. 2011, A. Taucare-Ríos leg. (IBSP XXX); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Ticnamar, 18.58167 S, 69.49444 W, 3200 m a.s.l., Mar. 1983, H. Niemeyer leg. (MNHNCL); Tarapacá, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Arica, Valle del Río Lluta, 18.41056 S, 70.11889 W, 2 Feb. 1992, L.E. Peña leg. (AMNH). 1 ♀, no further data (MACN 21477); 1 ♀, ditto (MNRJ 14601); 4 ♀♀, ditto (IBSP 34949); 1 ♀, ditto (MNRJ 2304).

Description

Male and female

Described by Gertsch (1967).

Distribution

Widespread in Chile, in all Regions fromArica y Parinacota to Los Lagos, except Regions VI (O’Higgins), XI (Aisén) and XII (Magallanes) ( Fig. 10 ). For records from other countries, see Gertsch (1967).

Figures

Fig. 1. Male palps, prolateral. A. Loxosceles laeta (Nicolet, 1849), ♂, Antofagasta, Antofagasta (IBSP 4663). B–D. Loxosceles surca Gertsch, 1967. B. ♂, Chusmiza, Huara, Tamarugal, Tarapacá (AMNH). C. Same, bulb, prolateral. D. Same, palp, prolateral. ScalebarsA–B = 1 mm.

Fig. 10. Geographicdistribution records of species of Loxosceles inChile. Records of L.laeta (Nicolet, 1849) are based on the material examined in this study and on Gertsch (1967). Stars under L. surca Gertsch, 1967 and L. coquimbo Gertsch, 1967 are records from Gertsch (1967).

Fig.9.Scanningelectronmicroscopy,♂metatarsusI.A.Loxosceleslaeta(Nicolet,1849),♂,Antofagasta, Antofagasta (IBSP 4663). B. Loxosceles surca Gertsch, 1967, ♂, Parinacota, 24 km S of Zapahuira (AMNH). C–D. Loxosceles diaguita sp. nov., ♂, Taltal, 4 km E of Paposo,Antofagasta (AMNH).