Elampus constrictus ( Förster, 1853 ), Foster

Paukkunen, Juho, Rosa, Paolo, Soon, Villu, Johansson, Niklas & Ødegaard, Frode, 2014, Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), Zootaxa 3864 (1), pp. 1-67 : 13-14

12. Elampus constrictus ( Förster, 1853)

Notozus constrictus Förster 1853: 336 . Holotype ♂; Germany: Aachen (ZMB) (examined).

Elampus productus [nec Dahlbom, 1854]: Thomson 1870: 103.

Ellampus soror Mocsáry 1889: 68 . Neotype ♀ (designated by Móczár 1964: 442); Hungary: Budapest (MNSB) (examined). Ellampus spina [nec ( Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1806)]: Mocsáry 1889: 68.

Notozus productus [nec ( Dahlbom, 1854)]: Borries 1891: 92.

Elampus spina [nec ( Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1806)]: Sahlberg 1910: 99, Aurivillius 1911: 6.

Notozus spina [nec ( Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1806)]: Hellén 1920: 206, Jansson 1922: 33.

Notozus spina ab. prasina Hellén, 1920: 207, invalid name.

Notozus spina ab. coerulescens Hellén, 1920: 207, invalid name.

Notozus panzeri [nec ( Fabricius, 1804)]: Trautmann 1927: 25, Hellén 1935: 8, Balthasar 1954: 77.

Notozus panzeri var. spina [nec ( Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1806)]: Jansson 1934: 287.

Notozus panzeri ab. soror: Hellén 1935: 8 .

Notozus panzeri ab. rufitarsis [nec Tournier, 1879]: Hellén 1935: 8.

Omalus constrictus: Valkeila 1962: 63 .

Elampus constrictus: Erlandsson 1971: 88 , Nilsson 1986: 86, Vikberg 1986b: 67, Söderman & Vikberg 2003: 44, Soon 2004: 18, 44, Abenius 2006: 57, Abenius & Hellqvist 2007: 66, Salminen 2007: 143, Sörensson 2008a: 80, Abenius 2009: 59, Cederberg et al. 2010: 353, Paukkunen 2010: 539, Smissen 2010b: 187, Smissen 2010d: 393, Dyntaxa 2013.

Elampus panzeri [nec ( Fabricius, 1804)]: Artsdatabanken 2010, Hansen et al. 2010: 338, Ødegaard et al. 2011: 64.

Elampus constrictus constrictus: Rosa & Soon 2012 .

Distribution. Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Russian Fennoscandia.—Transpalearctic: palearctic region, without Arabia and Japan ( Linsenmaier 1997).

Remarks. The species is recorded from all countries except Latvia and Lithuania, but it is everywhere rare and local. Its distribution area extends north of the 66° latitude in Finland. The species has been classified as near threatened in Finland ( Paukkunen 2010), Norway ( Hansen et al. 2010) and Sweden ( Cederberg et al. 2010). Elampus constrictus has often been confused with other species of Elampus , whereby many different names have been used for it in the literature. The name spina was erroneously attributed to this species by Sahlberg (1910) and Hellén (1920) in Finland and by Aurivillius (1911) and Jansson (1922, 1934) in Sweden. Earlier the name productus , which currently is considered to be a synonym of spina , was used by Borries (1891) and Thomson (1870).

The names of E. constrictus and E. panzeri were accidentally interchanged by Trautmann (1927), and later several authors, e.g. Hellén (1935), Linsenmaier (1951, 1959, 1997), Balthasar (1954), Tumšs & Maršakovs (1970), Hansen et al. (2010) and Ødegaard et al. (2011), followed Trautmann. The name confusion was due to a mislabeled type specimen, as has been explained by Móczár (1964). Some authors have incorrectly synonymized these species, e.g. Kimsey & Bohart (1991), Kunz (1994) and Mingo (1994). Tumšs & Maršakovs (1970) reported both E. constrictus and E. panzeri from Latvia (as Notozus ), and later Soon (2004) and Rosa & Soon 2012 repeated their records. However, Tumšs & Maršakovs’ record of E. constrictus was sensu Trautmann (= E. panzeri ) and the record of E. panzeri sensu Fabricius , based on publications of Kawall (1864) and Bischoff (1925), so only E. panzeri is found from Latvia. Tumšs & Maršakovs’ specimens have been checked in LMSZ in Riga.

Móczár (1964b) divided E. constrictus into four varieties in Europe in addition to the nominate form: var. ambiguus Dahlbom, 1854 , var. angustatus Mocsáry, 1889 , var. coeruleus Dahlbom, 1854 and var. soror Mocsáry, 1889 . Also Hellén (1920) described two forms: “ab. prasina ” and “ab. coerulescens ” on the basis of Finnish and Russian Fennoscandian specimens (both invalid names). Later he replaced these with “ab. soror ” and “ab. rufitarsis ” in the Finnish checklist ( Hellén 1935). Clearly, E. constrictus is a very variable species in terms of its colouration, shape of the anal rim, etc. Unpublished molecular studies support the view that the different forms represent only intraspecific variation and not separate, genetically or geographically differentiated, taxa.