Glyptapanteles mamiae Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles mamiae Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Fig. 148

Female.

Body length 3.13 mm, antenna length 3.28 mm, fore wing length 3.18 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: ECUADOR • 1♀; EC-10806, YY-A029; Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Río Chalpi, Plot 144; cloud forest; 2,847 m; - 0.366667, -78.083333; 16.xii.2005; Wilmer Simbaña leg.; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoons formed on 22.i.2006; adult parasitoids emerged on 30.i.2006; ( PUCE) . Paratype. • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); EC-10806, YY-A029; same data as for holotype; ( PUCE) .

Other material.

Reared material. ECUADOR: Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Río Chalpi, Plot 144: • 7 (3♀, 2♂) (1♀, 1♂); EC-10803, YY-A028, YY-A036; cloud forest; 2,847 m; - 0.366667, -78.083333; 16.xii.2005; Wilmer Simbaña leg. ; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoons formed on 19.i.2006; adult parasitoids emerged on 01.ii.2006. • 7 (3♀, 3♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); EC-10804, YY-A034; same data as for preceding except: cocoons formed on 22.i.2006 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 29.i.2006. • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); EC-10805, YY-A150; same data as for preceding except: cocoons formed on 22.i.2006 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 30.i.2006. • 25 (6♀, 6♂) (13♀, 0 ♂); EC-10808, YY-A039; same data as for preceding except: cocoons formed on 22.i.2006 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 30.i.2006. • 18 (6♀, 6♂) (6♀, 0 ♂); EC-10809, YY-A048; same data as for preceding except: cocoons formed on 22.i.2006 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 28.i.2006. • 13 (5♀, 5♂) (3♀, 0 ♂); EC-10810, YY-A035; same data as for preceding except: cocoons formed on 22.i.2006 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 26.i.2006.

Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Río Chalpi Grande, Plot 211: • 3 (1♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); EC-14121, YY-A088; cloud forest; 2,777 m; - 0.35, -78.083333; 24.iv.2006; Rafael Granizo leg. ; caterpillar collected in late instar or prepupa; cocoons formed on 26.iv.2006; adult parasitoids emerged on 11.v.2006.

Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Sendero Macuculoma, Plot 415: • 18 (6♀, 2♂) (10♀, 0 ♂); EC-36447, YY-A070; cloud forest; 2,120 m; - 0.601111, -77.883889; 05.i.2009; Wilmer Simbaña leg. ; caterpillar collected in second instar; cocoons formed on 30.i.2009; adult parasitoids emerged on 16.ii.2009.

Diagnosis.

In lateral view, metasoma curved ( Fig. 148A, J ), hind coxa very finely punctate throughout and dorsal outer depression present ( Fig. 148A, J ), propodeum without a transverse discontinuous carina ( Fig. 148F ), petiole on T1 virtually parallel-sided, but narrowing over distal 1/3 ( Fig. 148G, H ), scutellar punctation scattered throughout ( Fig. 148E ), edges of median area on T2 obscured by weak longitudinal stripes ( Fig. 148G, H ), and fore wing with r vein slightly curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a distinct stub ( Fig. 148K ).

Coloration

( Fig. 148 A–K ). General body coloration polished black except scape brown with apex yellow-brown; pedicel and all antennal flagellomeres (on both sides) dark brown; labrum, mandibles, glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow; clypeus, propleuron, both dorsal and ventral furrows of pronotum, epicnemial ridge, ventral edge of mesopleuron, metasternum, distal corners of mesoscutum, BM, and PFM with brown-red/reddish tint. Eyes and ocelli silver. Fore legs yellow except brown claws; middle legs yellow except femora, tibiae and tarsomeres with a narrow dorsal brown strip from top to bottom; hind legs yellow except black coxae with yellow/brown-red apex (brown-red coloration extended in the inner side), femora with a tiny brown spot in the apex and with a narrow dorsal brown strip from top to bottom, apex of tibiae brown and proximally with a brown band, and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas black, adjacent area with contours well-defined, and lateral ends yellow; T3 mostly brown, proximal width of dark area coincides with the width of median and adjacent areas on T2, although distally dark area of T3 wider than proximal, and lateral ends yellow; T4 and beyond brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellow translucent band. In lateral view, T1-2 yellow; T3-5 yellow, but dorsally brown, remaining tergites completely brown. S1-3 yellow; S4 yellow, but medially brown; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown, but medially with some parts yellow-brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 148 A–D ). Head rhomboid with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.22:0.08, 0.25:0.08, 0.23:0.08), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.13:0.06, 0.11:0.06), antenna longer than body (3.28, 3.13); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face with distal half dented only laterally with dense fine punctations, interspaces smooth and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces clearly smooth. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.11, 0.13). Malar suture absent or difficult to see. Median area between lateral ocelli slightly depressed. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 148A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum 1/4 distal with a central dent, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces smooth. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, but not in the same plane, scutellar punctation scattered throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune inner side with a row of foveae; dorsal ATS groove with carinae only proximally. Transscutal articulation with large and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation depressed centrally and with same kind of sculpture as mesoscutum. Metanotum with BM convex; MPM oval/circular with a short proximal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick and smooth; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum relatively polished with a median longitudinal dent, but no trace of median longitudinal carina, proximal half curved; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron finely sculptured only ventrally and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends).

Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.07). Hind coxa finely punctate throughout, and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.25, 0.18), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus longer than fourth tarsomere (0.18, 0.13).

Wings ( Fig. 148K ). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein slightly convex to convex; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction forming a distinct stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a vein straight and complete, but junction with 1-1A vein spectral. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae absent proximally, but scattered distally.

Metasoma ( Fig. 148A, G, H, J ). Metasoma curved. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured distally, but only laterally, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but barely narrowing at apex, apex truncate (length 0.38, maximum width 0.23, minimum width 0.14), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.21, length T2 0.21), edges of median area obscured by weak longitudinal stripes, median area broader than long (length 0.21, maximum width 0.30, minimum width 0.13); T2 scarce pubescence throughout. T3 longer than T2 (0.29, 0.21) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. White or beige oval cocoons with messy/disordered/fluffy silk fibers and body of cocoon with disorganized and tangled silk.

Comments.

The limit between mesopleuron and metasternum with a dented area.

Male.

Coloration similar to females although darker. In some males, the femora, the tibiae and the tarsomeres of all legs with a narrow dorsal strip from top to bottom.

Etymology.

Maminirina (Mami) Randrianandrasana is a Malagasy entomologist. As graduate student at UIUC, IL, USA, she worked in ecology of wild silkworms, mainly Antherina suraka (Boisduval) ( Saturniidae ), using its natural history for conservation in Madagascar.

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillars were collected in Ecuador, ACG, Yanayacu Biological Station ( Río Chalpi and Sendero Macuculoma), during December 2005, April 2006, and January 2009 at 2,120, 2,777 m, and 2,847 m in cloud forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is solitary/gregarious.

Host.

Undetermined species of Erebidae ( Arctiinae) feeding on Miconia sp. ( Melastomataceae ) and Chusquea scandens ( Poaceae ). Caterpillars were collected in second, third and late instar or prepupa.

Figures

Figure 148. Glyptapanteles mamiae female sp. nov. EC- 10806 YY-A 029 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, pronotum lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings.