Lingulatus liying Lin & Li, 2023

Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang & Pham, Dinh-Sac, 2023, Taxonomic notes on some spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China and Vietnam, Zoological Systematics 48 (1), pp. 1-99 : 37-39

Lingulatus liying Lin & Li , sp. nov. ( Figs 29–30 , 47A–B )

Etymology. The species is named after Li Ying, one of the 108 outlaws in the classical Chinese literature Outlaws of the

Marsh; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. The new species is similar to L. longulus Mu & Zhang, 2022 and L. pingbian Mu & Zhang, 2022 by having the posterior tegular sheet almost as long as the bulb, the same shaped ventral tibial apophysis, dorsal tibial apophysis and embolus and the ratio of the length to the width of the bursa is almost 1: 3. However, the new species can be distinguished from L. longulus and L. pingbian by the terminus of the anterior tegular sheet almost reaching the bottom of the tegular apophysis (vs. anterior tegular sheet inconspicuous in L. longulus and the tegular apophysis absent in L. pingbian ), the posterior tegular sheet is directed toward the clock 5:00 position (vs. clock 6:00 in L. longulus and clock 4:00 in L. pingbian ) and the retrolateral tibial apophysis strongly curved (vs. straight in L. longulus and L. pingbian ). The female can be distinguished from L. pingbian by the presence of epigynal teeth (vs. absent in L. pingbian ), the absence of copulatory ducts (vs. present in L. pingbian ) and the spermathecae are vertical (vs. horizontal in L. pingbian ).

Description. Male (holotype). Total length 3.71; carapace 1.65 long, 1.36 wide, opisthosoma 2.06 long, 1.29 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.09, PME 0.09, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.12, PME–PLE 0.05, AME–PME 0.07, ALE–PLE 0.10. Chelicerae with two promarginal and three retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 6.64 (1.69, 2.54, 1.66, 0.75), II 5.25 (1.39, 1.85, 1.27, 0.74), III 4.14 (1.16, 1.29, 1.10, 0.59), IV 6.61 (1.77, 2.07, 1.91, 0.86). Leg spination: I femur 4pv, 1d, tibia 7pv, 8rv, metatarsus 4pv, 3rv; II femur 3pv, 1d, tibia 6-6v, metatarsus 4pv, 3rv, III femur 1d, IV femur 1d.

Coloration ( Fig. 47A ). Carapace brown to yellow, two black lines cross the carapace, edge black. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium yellow-brown. Sternum yellow. Legs paler yellow with black annulations. Opisthosoma oval, dorsum dark grey, middle with pair of white spots, dorsal scutum covering almost 2/3 of opisthosoma, ventrum yellow. Spinnerets yellow.

Palp ( Fig. 29 ). Femoral apophysis well developed, almost two times longer than width of patella, with groove. Patella almost as long as wide. Ventral tibial apophysis digitiform. Retrolateral tibial apophysis S-shaped, almost as long as ventral tibial apophysis. Dorsal tibial apophysis long, three times longer than retrolateral tibial apophysis, with a pointed tip. Cymbium two times longer than wide. Bulb oval. Sperm duct V-shaped. Tegular apophysis triangular, blunt, small. Anterior tegular sheet short, almost 1/3 length of embolus, arising at clock 12:30 position. Posterior tegular sheet almost as long as bulb, arising at clock 5:00 position. Embolus long and broad, sickle-shaped.

Female (IZCAS-Ar43920). Total length 3.85; carapace 1.66 long, 1.38 wide, opisthosoma 2.19 long, 1.37 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.08, PME 0.09, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.11, PME–PLE 0.06, AME–PME 0.09, ALE–PLE 0.07. Chelicerae with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 6.40 (1.63, 2.54, 1.57, 0.66), II 5.17 (1.32, 1.94, 1.20, 0.71), III 4.21 (1.13, 1.35, 1.03, 0.70), IV 6.57 (1.76, 2.04, 1.85, 0.92). Leg spination: I femur 4pv, 1d, tibia 7pv, 8rv, metatarsus 4-4v; II femur 2pv, 1d, tibia 7pv, 6rv, metatarsus 4pv, 3rv, III femur 1d, IV femur 1d.

Coloration ( Fig. 47B ). Similar to that of male except paler and lacking scutum on opisthosoma.

Epigyne ( Fig. 30 ). Epigynal plate oval. Epigynal teeth at middle of epigynal plate. Copulatory openings obvious. Copulatory ducts inconspicuous. Bursae large, three times wider than long, covering nearly half of epigynal plate. Glandular appendages absent. Spermathecae oblong, curved, touching. Fertilization ducts point toward clock 1:00 position from spermathecae.

Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar43910), Vietnam: Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao National Park, Shrub-land , Pitfall traps, 1–30 September 2007, Dinh-Sac Pham leg. Paratypes. 5♂ 5♀ (IZCAS-Ar43911–Ar43920), same data as holotype .

Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Figures

Figure 29. Lingulatus liying Lin & Li, sp. nov., holotype male. A. Left palp, ventral view; B. Same, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; aTS—anterior tegular sheet; E—embolus; pTS—posterior tegular sheet; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct; TA—tegular apophysis; VTA—ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars=0.1mm.

Figure 30. Lingulatus liying Lin & Li, sp. nov., paratype female.A. Epigyne, ventral view; B. Vulva, dorsal view.Abbreviations: B— bursa; CO—copulatory opening; ET—epigynal tooth; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermatheca. Scale bars=0.1mm.

Figure 47. Habitus of Phrurolithidae species, male (A, C, E, G, I, K) and female (B, D, F, H, J, L) dorsal view.A–B. Lingulatus liying Lin & Li, sp. nov.; C–D. L. longfeiae Lin & Li, sp. nov.; E–F. L. luzhishen Lin & Li, sp. nov.; G–H. L. zhangqing Lin & Li, sp. nov.; I–J. L. zhutong Lin & Li, sp. nov.; K–L. Otacilia liuxinyei Lin & Li, sp. nov. Scale bars=0.5mm.