Lasioglossum (Dialictus) tegulare (Robertson)

Gibbs, Jason, 2010, Revision of the metallic species of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) in Canada (Hymenoptera, Halictidae, Halictini) 2591, Zootaxa 2591 (1), pp. 1-382 : 323-328

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) tegulare (Robertson)

( Figures 221A–D , 222A–F )

Halictus tegularis Robertson, 1890: 318 . ♀ ♂. Holotype. ♀ USA, Connecticut, N. Haven, 6 June 1878, (W.H. Patton); [ANSP: 4254]. Examined.

Taxonomy. Robertson, 1902: Chloralictus tegularis , p. 248 (key); Viereck, 1916: Halictus (Chloralictus) tegularis , p. 706 (key); Michener, 1951: Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) tegulare , p. 1118 (catalogue) Mitchell, 1960: Dialictus tegularis ♂, p. 423 (redescription, synonymy); Krombein, 1967: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) tegulare , p. 466 (catalogue); Dialictus tegularis , p. 1972 (catalogue); Moure & Hurd, 1987: Dialictus tegularis , p. 134 (catalogue); Gibbs, 2009: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) tegulare ♂, p. 13 (redescription, tax. status).

Diagnosis. Both sexes of L. tegulare , L. ellisiae and L. imbrex may be easily distinguished from other Canadian Dialictus by their large, distinctly punctate tegula with an acute posterior angle ( Fig. 7A ). Female L. tegulare have the mesepisternum dull due to strong microsculpture between punctures ( Figs. 42B , 221D ). Females of L. ellisiae and L. imbrex both have the mesepisternum smooth between punctures, with at most weak lines on the interspaces ( Fig. 42A ). Female L. imbrex have denser tomentum on basal portions of T2–T3 and across disc of T4 ( Fig. 123D ) than does L. tegulare ( Fig. 221B ).

Males of L. tegulare have dense punctation on the metasomal terga with only the apical impressed area impunctate ( Figs. 49A , 222D ). Male L. ellisiae have dense punctation on the apical half of the metasomal terga with sparse punctation basal to the premarginal line ( Fig. 49B ). Male L. imbrex are unknown but should be readily identifiable by geography alone.

Redescription. FEMALE. Length 3.97–4.94 mm; head length 1.15–1.27 mm; head width 1.19–1.44 mm; forewing length. 2.87–3.45 mm.

Colouration. Head and mesosoma pale green with golden reflections. Labrum sometimes reddish. Clypeus with apical half blackish brown and basal half, and supraclypeal area golden. Antenna brown, flagellum with ventral surface reddish brown, F8–F10 with ventral surface brownish yellow. Tegula blackish brown with central area reddish. Legs brown, medio- and distitarsi reddish brown to brownish yellow. Wing venation brownish to yellowish brown. Propodeum with blue reflections. Metasoma blackish brown, terga and sterna with apical margins reddish brown to translucent brownish yellow.

Pubescence. Dull white. Moderately dense. Head and mesosoma with moderately dense woolly hairs (1– 1.5 OD), longest on genal beard, metanotum and mesopleuron (2–2.5 OD). Lower paraocular area with sparse tomentum. Propodeum with moderately dense plumose hairs on lateral and posterior surfaces (1.5–2 OD). Metasomal terga with sparse, fine setae. T1 acarinarial fan complete. T2–T3 basolaterally and T4 entirely with sparse tomentum. T2 apicolateral and T3–T4 apical margins with very sparse fringes, virtually absent.

Surface sculpture. Face imbricate, punctation moderately strong. Clypeus polished, basal margin imbricate, punctation moderately sparse (i=1–3d). Supraclypeal area with punctation moderately sparse (i=1–2d). Lower paraocular area punctation dense (i<d). Antennocular area punctation moderately dense (i≤1.5d). Upper paraocular and frons reticulate-punctate. Ocellocular area finely punctate (i=1–1.5d). Gena and postgena lineolate, punctation fine and obscure. Mesoscutum imbricate-tessellate, punctation fine, moderately dense on central disc (i=1–1.5d), dense laterad of parapsidal lines and on anterolateral portions (i<d). Mesoscutellum similar to mesoscutum, submedial punctation moderately sparse (i=1–2.5d). Axilla punctate. Metanotum imbricate. Preëpisternum rugulose. Hypoepimeral area punctate. Mesepisternum ruguloso-imbricate, punctate (i<d), lower punctures finer, more obscure. Tegula finely punctate (i=1–1.5d), more sparsely centrally. Metapostnotum completely rugoso-striate. Propodeum with dorsolateral slope imbricate, lateral and posterior surface imbricate-tessellate. Metasomal terga weakly coriarious, punctation fine, on basal halves moderately dense (i=1.5d), moderately sparse on apical halves (i=1–2d).

Structure. Head moderately wide (length/width ratio = 0.94–0.97). Eyes convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio = 1.25–1.33). Clypeus ½–2/3 below suborbital tangent, apicolateral margins strongly convergent. Antennal sockets close (IAD/OAD <0.5). Frontal line carinate, ending 2 OD below median ocellus. Gena narrower than eye. Tegula elongate, angulate posteromedially. Inner metatibial spur pectinate with 3 teeth. Metapostnotum truncate (MMR ratio = 1.22–1.44), posterior margin weakly angled onto posterior surface. Propodeum with oblique carina weak, lateral carina weak, not reaching dorsal margin.

MALE. Similar to female except for the usual secondary sexual characters and as follows. Length. 3.36– 4.70 mm; head length 1.13–1.27 mm; head width 1.15–1.30 mm; forewing length. 2.68–3.17 mm.

Colouration. Flagellum ventral surface reddish brown, F1–F3 with ventral surface brownish yellow.

Pubescence. Face below eye emargination with sparse tomentum. Lower paraocular area with moderately dense tomentum, partially obscuring surface. S2–S4 apical halves with moderately dense erect plumose hairs (1–1.5 OD). S4 apicolateral portion with subappressed hairs.

Surface sculpture. Clypeal punctation moderately dense (i=1–1.5d). Metasomal terga polished, very weakly coriarious, punctation deep and distinct (i=1–1.5d), apical impressed areas impunctate.

Structure. Head moderately wide (length/width ratio = 0.98). Eyes convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio = 1.55–1.63). Clypeus ½ below suborbital tangent, apicolateral margins weakly convergent. Antennal sockets distant (IAD/OAD> 1.1). Pedicel subequal to F1. F2 length 1.6–1.7X F1. F2–F10 moderately elongate (length/width ratio = 1.50–1.75). Metapostnotum truncate (MMR ratio = 1.27–1.44), posterior margin weakly angled onto posterior surface.

Terminalia . S7 with median lobe clavate, apex rounded. S8 with apicomedial margin weakly convex. Genitalia as in Fig. 222E–F . Gonobase with ventral rim narrowly separated. Gonostylus small dorsal setae elongate. Retrorse lobes elongate, attenuated apically.

Range. Ontario south to South Carolina , Tennessee ( Fig. 219 ). Additional material examined. CANADA : ONTARIO, 1♂, Norfolk , N42.6497 W80.5729, 11.viii.2007

(A. Taylor); 5 ♀ Norfolk, N42.6493 W80.5687, 11.vi.2007 ; 1♂, Caledon, Gschwendtner property, N43.8148

W79.9768, 18.ix.2003 (J. Grixti); [ PCYU]; USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: 2♂♂ paratypes ; [ ANSP]; 2 ♀

Washington, N38.931 W77.116, 24.vi.2006 (Pascarella); 1♂ , Washington, N77.034 W38.885, 18–19.x.2004 (E. Keto); 1♂ , Washington, N38.9463 W77.0344, 16.vi.2004 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Washington, N38.8871 W77.0128, 1.ix.2005 ( NB Staff); 1♀ Washington, Mall , N38.8912 W777.0242, 27.vii.1879; 16.viii.2006 (S.W. Droege); 1♂ , Washington, N38.891 W77.0308, 15–16.vii.2004 (C. Osborn); 1♂ , Washington, N38.879 W77.0333, 13–14.vii.2004 (C. Osborn); 1♂ , Washington, N77.0261 W38.8694, 4–5.x.2004 (E. Keto); [ PCYU] ; GEORGIA: 2 ♀ Athens , 15.vi.1909 (J.C. Bradley); 1♂ , Cobb Co., Lost Mount , 13.vii.1913; 1♂ , Rabun Bald , 4000–4800ft, 21.viii.1913; [ PCYU] ; KENTUCKY: 15 ♀ Wayne Co., N39.924 W84.8715, 23– 24.vii.2007 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Laurel Co., N37.1528 W84.1167, 27.vii.2007 (S.W. Droege); [ PCYU] ; MARYLAND: Camp Springs , 11.v.10 (J.C. Crawford); 1♀ Cabin John , 16.iv.1915 (J.C. Crawford); 1♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9764 W76.7491 20.vii.2002 (S. Kolski); 1♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9591 W76.734 20.viii.2004 (S Kolski); 1♀ Pr. George’s Co., N39.002 W76.7505 20.viii.2004 (S. Kolski); 3 ♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9977 W76.7573 30.ix–1x,2004 (S. Kolski); 4 ♀ Anne Arundel Co., N38.7839 W76.7014, B Hollister; [ KUNHM]; 1♀ Calvert Co., N38.536 W76.518, 7.vii.2006 (M. Gates); 1♀ Talbot Co., N38.8 W76.283, 7– 8.v.2005 (W. Steiner); 1♀ Caroline Co., N38.9194 W75.8279, 13.v.2007 (M. Price); 1♂ , Wicomico Co., N38.2909 W75.5364, 12.vi.2004 (S.W. Droege); 1♂ , Anne Arundel Co., N38.7839 W76.7014, 21.ix.2004 (B. Hollister); 1♂ , Pr. George’s Co., N38.9893 W76.7322, 20.vii.2004 (S. Kolski); 1♂ & 1♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9123 W76.755, 12–13.viii.2003 (Haramis & Archer); 2 ♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9123 W76.755, 13– 14.viii.2003 (Haramis & Archer); 1♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9123 W76.755, 28–29.viii.2003 (Haramis & Archer); 1♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9123 W76.755, 26–27.viii.2003 (Haramis & Archer); 2 ♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9123 W76.755, 14–15.viii.2003 (Haramis & Archer); 1♀ Pr. George’s Co., N38.9959 W76.7886, 2.ix.2004, S Na; 1♀ Caroline Co., N39.1098 W75.7724, 7.iv.2005 (S.W. Droege); [ PCYU]; 6 ♀ Prince Georges Co., Temple Hills , 22.viii.1976 (G.C. Eickwort); [ CUIC] ; MASSACHUSETTS: 1♀ Middlesex Co., Harvard: Oxbow NWR, Wallace Rd. , 28.v.2006 (M.F. Veit); 1♀ Middlesex Co., Dunstable , sandpit 0.1mi E of airport, 29.iv.2006 (M.F. Veit); [ PCYU] ; MISSOURI: 1♀ Green Co., Rocky Barrens Cons. Area , NE Willard 1.5 mis., 14.iv.2006 (Arduser) ; NEBRASKA: 1♀ Douglas Co., N41.2796 W095.9073, 10.v.2007 (S.W. Droege) ; NEW YORK: 1♀ Suffolk Co. , 6.ix.2005 (S.W. Droege) 1♀ Suffolk Co. , N41.13403 W72.3247, 8.ix.2005 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Suffolk Co. , 8.ix.2005 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Suffolk Co. , N41.05132 W71.9519, 7.ix.2005 (S.W. Droege); 2 ♀ Suffolk Co. , 6.ix.2005 (S.W. Droege); [ PCYU]; 3 ♂ , Tompkins Co., Buttermilk Falls S.P., Ithaca , 7.x.1967 (G. & K. Eickwort); 1♀ Tompkins Co., 6-mile Creek, SE Ithaca Reservoir, 25.v.1968 (G. & K. Eickwort); 1♂ , Tompkins Co., Michigan Hollow , gravel pit, 5mi S of Danby, 7.ix.1968 (G. & K. Eickwort); 1♀ Albany Co., Partridge Run St. Game Area , 5mi N Rensselaerville, 6.vi.1970 (G. & K. Eickwort); 1♀ Albany Co., Rensselaerville , 28.vii.1970 (G.& K. Eickwort); 1♀ Albany Co., Rensselaerville, Huyck Reserve , 12.vi.1969 (G. & K. Eickwort); 1♂ , Albany Co., Colonie , 20.viii.1969 (G. & K. Eickwort); 1♀ Cayuga Co., Fair Haven Beach S.P., 8.vi.1968 (G. & K. Eickwort); 1♀ Ludlowville , 6.vi.1968 (L.L. Pechuman); 1♂ & 3 ♀ Nassau Co., Jones Beach S.P., 31.vii.1974 (G.C. Eickwort); 1♂ & 1♀ Nassau Co., Jones Beach S.P., 26.vi.1976 (G. Eickwort); 7 ♂ , Nassau Co., Hempstead Lake S.P., 4–6.vii.1974 (G.C. Eickwort); 2 ♀ Nassau Co., Kennedy Wildlife Sanct., Tobay Beach , 18.vi.1989 (G.C. Eickwort); 1♀ Nassau Co., Tobay Beach , 24–26.vi.1976 (G.C. Eickwort); 1♂ , Nassau Co., Floral Pk., 4.vii.1982 (D. Yanega); 1♀ Montauk , 4.v.1947 ( R. Latham); 1♀ 3-mile Har. , 6.vi.1941 ( R. Latham); 1♂ , Van Cortland Pk., 20.vii.1913; [ CUIC]; 1♂ , Queens Co., Floral Pk. , Long I., 6.viii.1983 (D. Yanega); [ KUNHM] ; NEW JERSEY: 1♀ Atlantic Co., 39 35’ N 74 46’ W, 21.vii.2003 (B. Ahlstrom); [ PCYU]; 1♂ , Weymouth , 26.vii.1923; 1♀ San Isle Junction , “May,25”; [ CUIC]; 1♂ , Ramsey , 10.vii.1913; [ KUNHM] ; NORTH CAROLINA: 1♀ Union Co., N34.984 W80.449, ix–x.2003 ( R. Jackowski); [ PCYU]; 1♀ Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Cataloochee overlook, N35.54 W83.06, 6.viii.2006 (J. Gibbs); [ GSNP]; 1♂ , Highlands , 22.vii.1958 ( T. B. Mitchell); 1♀ Pettigrew S.P., 27.v.1959 ( T.B. Mitchell); [ PCYU]; 6 ♂ & 1♀ Beutenmuller, Black Mts. , viii.1912 ; RHODE ISLAND: 2 ♀ Newport Co. , N41.4969 W71.3678, 22.vii.2005 (P. Ostenton); [ PCYU] ; SOUTH CAROLINA: 1♂ & 1♀ Okanee Co., near Walhalla , N34.813 W83.137, 9.viii.2006 (J. Gibbs); 1♀ Chesterfield Co., N34.637 N80.176, 18–19.v.2006 (S.W. Droege); 5 ♀ Chesterfield Co., N34.55 W80.26, 2007 (L. Housh); [ PCYU] ; TENNESSEE: 1♀ Rutherford Co., N35.8275 W86.2912, 20.vii.2007 (D. Green); 1♀ Rutherford Co., N35.8197 W86.3159, 20.vii.2007 (D. Green); [ PCYU] ; VERMONT: Windham Co., N42.4969 W71.3678, 22.vii.2005 (P. Ostenton); [ PCYU] ; VIRGINIA: 3 ♀ Assateague I., N37.9625 W75.3108, 30.vi–1.vii.2006 (S.W. Droege) 1♀ Assateague I., N37.9576 W75.3147, 30.vi–1.vii.2006 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Assateague I., N37.9377 W75.3177, 30.vi–1.vii.2006 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Assateague I., N37.9486 W75.3136, 2.vii.2006 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Assateague I., N37.9086 W75.3564, 1–2.vii.2006 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Virginia Beach , N36.917 W75.3564, 16–17.vi.2007 (W. Steiner); 1♀ Fluvanna Co., N37.753 W78.162, 2.x.2004 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Accomack Co., N37.938 W75.318, 30.vi–1.vii.2006 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Hwy 340, 10km N of Shenandoah, N38.564 W78.606, 7.vi.2005 (A. Zayed); [ PCYU]; 2 ♀ Clarke Co., Blandy Exp. Farm E Boyce, 12–14.vi.1986 (J.K. Liebherr); [ CUIC] ; WEST VIRGINIA: 2 ♀ Hampshire Co. , N39.346 W78.403, 29– 30.v.2004 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Hampshire Co. , N39.351 W78.509, 29–30.v.2004 (S.W. Droege); 1♂ , Hampshire Co. , N39.2334 W78.6843, 11.vii.2002 (S.W. Droege); 1♂ , Hampshire Co. , N39.31 W78.54, 11.vii.2002 (S.W. Droege); 1♂ , Hampshire Co. , N39.3012 W78.4358, 11.vii.2002 (S.W. Droege); 1♂ , Hampshire Co. , N39.4401 W78.4872, 7.vii.2002 (S.W. Droege); 1♂ , Hampshire Co. , N39.2886 W78.4819, 11.vii.2002 (S.W. Droege); [ PCYU]; 1♀ Hampshire Co. , N39.415 W78.5012, 7.vii.2002 (S.W. Droege); 1♀ Hampshire Co. , N39.333 W78.4585, 6.vii.2002 (S.W. Droege); [ KUNHM] .

Floral records. ALISMATACEAE : Alisma plantago-aquatica , AMARANTHACEAE : Alternanthera flavescens , ANACARDIACEAE : Rhus glabra , Toxicodendron , APIACEAE : Anethum , Anthemis cotula , Daucus carota , Polytaenia nuttallii , Sanicula marilandica , Taenidia integerrima , Thaspium trifoliatum , Zizia aurea , APOCYNACEAE : Apocynum androsaemifolium , ASTERACEAE : Achillea millefolium , Arnoglossum reniforme , Bidens , Conyza canadensis , Erigeron annuus , E. philadelphicus , E. strigosus , Flaveria , Leucanthemum vulgare , Palafoxia , Pityopsis graminifolia tracyi , Rudbeckia hirta , Solidago missouriensis , Stokesia , Symphyotrichum laeve , S. lateriflorum , S. pilosum , ASCLEPIADACEAE : Asclepias sullivantii , Cynanchum laeve , BERBERIDACEAE : Jeffersonia diphylla , BRASSICACEAE : Arabis shortii , Barbarea , Berteroa , Brassica , Capsella bursa-pastoris , Descurainia pinnata , Lepidium virginicum , Rorippa palustris , Warea carteri , CAPPARACEAE : Cleome serrulata , CAPRIFOLIACEAE : Symphoricarpos orbiculatus , Viburnum prunifolium , CARYOPHYLLACEAE : Gypsophila , COMMELINACEAE : Tradescantia virginiana , COR- NACEAE: Cornus amomum , C. racemosa , ERICACEAE : Vaccinium arboreum , EUPHORBIACEAE : Chamaesyce nutans , FABACEAE : Amorpha canescens , A. fruticosa , Cassia chamaecrista , Galactia pinetorum , Medicago , Melilotus , Robinia , GERANIACEAE : Geranium carolinianum , HYDROPHYLLACEAE : Ellisia nyctelea , LAMIACEAE : Pycnanthemum flexuosum , Scutellaria parvula , LILIACEAE : Allium , “ Smilacina ”, MALVACEAE : Sida acuta , MOLLUGINACEAE : Mollugo verticillata , OXALIDACEAE : Oxalis corniculata , POLYGONACEAE : Fagopyrum , PONTEDERIACEAE : Pontederia , RHAMNACEAE : Ceanothus , ROSACEAE : Aruncus dioicus , Crataegus crus-galli , Fragaria virginiana grayana , Geum canadense , G. vernum , Prunus serotina , Pyracantha , Rubus , RUTACEAE : Ptelea trifoliata , SALICACEAE : Salix amygdaloides , S. cordata , S. longifolia , S. nigra , SANTALACEAE : Comandra umbellata , Coreopsis palmata , C. tripteris , SMILACACEAE : Smilax tamnoides , VERBENACEAE : Phyla lanceolata , Verbena bracteata , VIOLACEAE : Viola .

Biology. Evans, 1964: (predator); Danforth 1999: (phylogeny); Danforth & Ji 2001: (phylogeny); Danforth et al. 2003: (phylogeny).

Comments. Common. Numerous other species in the L. tegulare group are known in the New World from the United States to as far south as Chile and occurring on several nearby islands (for additional discussion, see Gibbs 2009a).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Tegula of (A) L. imbrex (tegulare species group), (B) L. oceanicum.

FIGURE 42. Mesepisternum of female (A) L. ellisiae, (B) L. tegulare.

FIGURE 49. Sternal hairs of male Dialictus (A) elongate, scopa-like, (B) short, plumose. Arrows indicate S2.

FIGURE 123. Lasioglossum imbrex new species. Female (A) lateral habitus; (B) dorsal habitus; (C) face; (D) metasomal terga. Scale bars, A–C = 1 mm.

FIGURE 219. Distribution of Lasioglossum succinipenne (medium grey), L. taylorae (dark grey), and L. tegulare (light grey).

FIGURE 221. Lasioglossum tegulare (Robertson). Female (A) lateral habitus; (B) dorsal habitus; (C) face; (D) mesepisternum. Scale bars, A–C = 1 mm.

FIGURE 222. Lasioglossum tegulare (Robertson). Male (A) lateral habitus; (B) dorsal habitus; (C) face; (D) T2, T3; (E) ventral view of genital capsule; (F) dorsal view of genital capsule. Scale bars, A–C = 1 mm, F = 0.5 mm.