Taphrenalla asamurai (Panha, 1997)

Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai & Panha, Somsak, 2021, Integrative systematics reveals the new land-snail genus Taphrenalla (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) with a description of nine new species from Thailand, Contributions to Zoology 90 (1), pp. 21-69 : 49

Taphrenalla asamurai (Panha, 1997)

( figs 1 , 3 , 5, 6A, 7A–C, table 6)

Macrochlamys asamurai Panha, 1997: 101–105 , figs 2a, 2b 1 , 3 –4. Type locality: Takun Village, Suratthani, Thailand .

Macrochlamys asamurai: Maneevong, 2000: 26–27 , fig. 4-1.

Sarika asamurai: Sutcharit & Panha, 2008: 95–100 , figs 2c, d , 3f–i , 4d–f.

Material examined. Type material: not examined. Non-type material: Wat Tham Wararam, Phanom District, Surat Thani (98°53’07.3”N 98°40’01.0”E): CUMZ 7153 (fig. 6A; 26 shells and 15 specimens in ethanol) , CUMZ 7154 (six specimens in ethanol) , CUMZ 7155 (14 shells and eight specimens in ethanol) , and CUMZ 7156 (four shells) . Limestone outcrops at Khlong Sok, Phanom District, Surat Thani (8°53’39.3”N 98°33’10.7”E): CUMZ 7157 (three shells) and CUMZ 7158 (one shell) . Limestone outcrops at Khlong Sok , Phanom District , Surat Thani (8°50’51.2”N 98°44’18.0”E) : CUMZ 7159 (31 shells and 12 specimens in ethanol). Wat Tham Phanthurat, Phanom District, Surat Thani (8°54’01.3”N 98°31’30.2”E): CUMZ 7160 (three specimens in ethanol) .

Remarks. Taphrenalla asamurai had been re-described and illustrated by Sutcharit & Panha (2008). The unique characters are a depressed conic shell of medium size (width up to 21.1 mm; height up to 11.7 mm), deep and narrow impressed suture, and long radial grooves that appeared on the last 37–64 grooves (n = 32; figs 5, 6A). The genitalia are bent at the epiphallic caecum, and the proximal part of dart apparatus is with a thick and swollen sac-like structure (figs 7A, 7B). Spermatophore has one spine on the tail filament close to the sperm sac (fig. 7C). Living snails have monochrome red to dark red on tail ( fig. 3 ).

Figures

Figure 1 Map showing the sampling sites of the 11 Taphrenalla species along Southern Thailand.Each colour of the distribution range follows the phylogenetic tree of all Taphrenalla species in fig.3.

Figure 2 Representative ML tree of the Taphrenalla gen.nov., Macrochlamys, Sarika, Cryptozona, Hemiplecta, Megaustenia, and Durgella based on the combined partial sequences of the COI, 16S, and 28S genes. The code in the parenthesis next to the species name refers to voucher numbers of the analysed samples.Numbers on the branches indicate the ML BS and BI PP values.

Figure 3 A representative ML tree showing only the Taphrenalla clade.The synopsis of the radial groove on shell sculpture, genitalia showing location of dart apparatus, and live specimens of Taphrenalla spp. Results of species delimitation analyses based on the COI gene using ABGD and PTP.Black circles represent nodes with both ML (when Ē 70%) and BI (when Ē 0.95) support.White circles represent nodes with ML BS support but no BI PP support (when <0.95). Each clade colour refers to the distribution range in fig. 1.