Freyella elegans ( Verrill, 1884 )

Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), Zootaxa 4639 (1), pp. 1-231 : 62

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B1690E30-EC81-46D3-881D-97648DDC7745
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5583210
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4148D212-046D-FFED-FF33-FA18752411BC
treatment provided by	Plazi (2019-07-19 08:56:06, last updated 2024-11-25 22:07:43)
scientific name	Freyella elegans ( Verrill, 1884 )
status

Treatment

Freyella elegans ( Verrill, 1884) View in CoL

Reports for the Azores:

Freyella spinosa Perrier, 1894 View in CoL — Grieg 1932: 31; $ Cherbonnier & Sibuet 1972: 385; Gage et al. 1983: 285;.

Freyella elegans ( Verrill, 1884) View in CoL — $ Dilman 2008: 148; Dilman 2013: 584, 2014: 39.

Type locality: off New England .

See: Downey (1986: 43–46, fig. 22); A.M. Clark & Downey (1992: 484–485, fig. 69f, pl. 113, figs. A, B).

Occurrence: Atlantic, from North Carolina northwards to Greenland ( Downey 1986) and eastwards to Europe ( Cherbonnier & Sibuet 1972), including the Porcupine Abyssal Plain ( Gage et al. 1983), southwards along West Africa to Namibia ( Sibuet 1975), including the Mid-Atlantic Azorean waters ( Dilman 2008).

Depth: 1,600–4,849 m ( AZO: 2,063–3,050 m; Dilman 2008) .

Habitat: suspension feeder (copepods, crustacean remains, foraminiferans; Howell et al. 2003) on soft bottoms ( Perrier 1894) or attached to the rock surface and dead gorgonians ( Tyler & Zibrowius 1992).

Larval stage: lecithotrophic ( McEdward & Miner 2001).

Remarks: Freyella elegans is a highly variable species, widely distributed throughout the Atlantic deep waters. Grieg (1932) placed the Azores as the western geographical limit known at the time for F. spinosa , a form now known to be conspecific with F. elegans (see Downey 1986). At the time, no material of either species was reported from Azorean waters but between the archipelago and the European continental shores by Perrier (1894, as Freyella spinosa var. abyssicola ). Later, Cherbonnier & Sibuet (1972, as Freyella spinosa ) identified two specimens collected within the Azorean waters (Jean Charcot, Noratlante cruise, sta P65B10: 36°58’02”N, 26°20’W, 2,871 m). Recently, Dilman (2008) identified material belonging to this species in the northern waters of the Azores, substantiating the presence of F. elegans in the archipelago.

References

Cherbonnier, G. & Sibuet, M. (1972) Resultats scientifiques de la campagne Noratlante: Asterides et Ophiurides. Bulletin du Museum National D'histoire Naturelle, 102 (76), 1333 - 1394.

Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 pp.

Dilman, A. B. (2008) Asteroid fauna of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge with description of a new species Hymenasterides mironovi sp. nov. Marine Biology Research, 4 (1 - 2), 131 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000701821736

Dilman, A. B. (2013) Asteroid fauna of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: additional records. Marine Biology Research, 9 (5 - 6), 563 - 586. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2012.749993

Dilman A. B. (2014) Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Asteroidea. Invertebrate Zoology, 11 (1), 25 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 11.1.05

Downey, M. E. (1986) Revision of the Atlantic Brisingida (Echinodermata: Asteroidea), with description of a new genus and family. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 435, 1 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.435

Gage, J. D., Billett, D. S. M., Jensen, M. & Tyler, P. A. (1983) Echinoderms of the Rockall Trough and adjacent areas. I. Crinoidea, Asteroidea and Ophiuroidea. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 45, 263 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 28002

Grieg, J. A. (1932) Echinodermata. Report of the scientific results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic deep sea expedition 1910, 3 (2), 1 - 47.

Howell, K. L., Pond, D. W., Billett, D. S. M. & Tyler, P. A. (2003) Feeding ecology of deep-sea seastars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): a fatty-acid biomarker approach. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 255, 193 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 255193

McEdward, L. R. & Miner, B. G. (2001) Larval and life-cycle patterns in echinoderms. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 79, 1125 - 1170. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 00 - 218

Perrier, M. E. (1894) Stellerides. Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman. Masson, Paris, 431 pp.

Sibuet, M. (1975) Asterides abyssales de l'Atlantique sud. (Resultats de la campagne Walda, juin-juillet-ao r t 1971). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 3 (289), 281 - 297.

Tyler, P. A. & Zibrowius, H. (1992) Submersible observations of the invertebrate fauna on the continental slope southwest if Ireland (NE Atlantic Ocean), Oceanologica Acta, 15 (2), 211 - 226.

Verrill, A. E. (1884) Notice of the remarkable marine fauna occupying the outer banks off the southern coast of New England. American Journal of Science, 28, 213 - 220. https: // doi. org / 10.2475 / ajs. s 3 - 28.165.213