Dytaster grandis grandis ( Verrill, 1884 )

Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), Zootaxa 4639 (1), pp. 1-231 : 76

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1
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scientific name	Dytaster grandis grandis ( Verrill, 1884 )
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Dytaster grandis grandis ( Verrill, 1884) View in CoL

Reports for the Azores:

Dytaster biserialis $ Sladen, 1889: 77–79 View in CoL , pl. 13, figs. 3, 4; Perrier 1894: 299; Mortensen 1927a: 54;

Dytaster agassizi Perrier, 1894 View in CoL — $ Koehler 1909: 22, pl. 4, fig. 7, pl. 6, fig. 1; Mortensen 1927a: 55; Cherbonnier & Sibuet 1972: 377; Sibuet 1975: 101;

Dytaster rigidus Perrier, 1894 View in CoL — $ Koehler 1909: 25, pl. 3, fig. 6; Mortensen 1927a: 55;

Dytaster grandis grandis ( Verrill, 1884) View in CoL —A.M. Clark & Downey 1992: 53, figs. 13a–c, pl. 15, figs. A, B; García-Diez et al. 2005: 46; $ Dilman 2008: 132–134;

Dytaster grandis ( Verrill, 1884) View in CoL — Dilman 2013: 566, 2014: 26.

Type locality: east coast of USA (from Cape Hatteras to Nova Scotia) .

See: A.M. Clark & Downey (1992).

Occurrence: North Atlantic, in the west, from the US east coast to the Gulf of Mexico (A.M. Clark & Downey 1992); in the east it is reported from the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (SW of Ireland; Howell et al. 2003) and the Bay of Biscay ( Cherbonnier & Sibuet 1972) to SW Africa ( Sibuet 1975), along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge from the Charlie- Gibbs Fracture Zone to the Azores ( Dilman 2008). The subspecies D. grandis nobilis Sladen, 1889 is restricted to the Southwest Atlantic (A.M. Clark & Downey 1992).

Depth: 1,000 –5,124 m ( Dilman 2014); AZO: 2,954 –5,005 m ( Koehler 1909, Dilman 2008).

Habitat: soft sediments, from mud to ooze; predator (e.g., on other echinoderms) and scavenger, ingesting sediment ( Howell et al. 2003).

Larval stage: planktotrophic ( Tyler et al. 1990).

Remarks: when revising Dytaster from the Atlantic, A.M. Clark & Downey (1992) reunite the following records from the Azores under the name Dytaster grandis grandis : D. biserialis described by Sladen (1889) on the basis of material collected by H.M.S. Challenger (sta 79: 36°21’N, 23°31’W, 3,706 m), D. agassizi and D. rigidus both reported by Koehler (1909) based on specimens collected by Princesse Alice.

References

Cherbonnier, G. & Sibuet, M. (1972) Resultats scientifiques de la campagne Noratlante: Asterides et Ophiurides. Bulletin du Museum National D'histoire Naturelle, 102 (76), 1333 - 1394.

Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 pp.

Dilman, A. B. (2008) Asteroid fauna of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge with description of a new species Hymenasterides mironovi sp. nov. Marine Biology Research, 4 (1 - 2), 131 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000701821736

Dilman, A. B. (2013) Asteroid fauna of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: additional records. Marine Biology Research, 9 (5 - 6), 563 - 586. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2012.749993

Dilman A. B. (2014) Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Asteroidea. Invertebrate Zoology, 11 (1), 25 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 11.1.05

Garcia-Diez, C., Porteiro, F. M., Meirinho, A., Cardigos, F. & Tempera, F. (2005) Taxonomic review of selected invertebrate groups collected during the Campaigns of the Prince Albert I of Monaco in the Azorean waters. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 22 A, 35 - 59.

Howell, K. L., Pond, D. W., Billett, D. S. M. & Tyler, P. A. (2003) Feeding ecology of deep-sea seastars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): a fatty-acid biomarker approach. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 255, 193 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 255193

Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317.

Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841

Perrier, M. E. (1894) Stellerides. Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman. Masson, Paris, 431 pp.

Sibuet, M. (1975) Asterides abyssales de l'Atlantique sud. (Resultats de la campagne Walda, juin-juillet-ao r t 1971). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 3 (289), 281 - 297.

Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Challenger series of reports, Zoology, 30, 1 - 893.

Tyler P. A., Billet, D. S. M. & Gage, J. D. (1990) Seasonal reproduction in the seastar Dytaster grandis from 4000 m in the North- East Atlantic Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 70, 173 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400034299

Verrill, A. E. (1884) Notice of the remarkable marine fauna occupying the outer banks off the southern coast of New England. American Journal of Science, 28, 213 - 220. https: // doi. org / 10.2475 / ajs. s 3 - 28.165.213