Thailentadopsis Kosterm., Ceylon J. Sci., Biol. Sci. 12(2): 131. 1977.

Bruneau, Anne, de Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci, Ringelberg, Jens J., Borges, Leonardo M., Bortoluzzi, Roseli Lopes da Costa, Brown, Gillian K., Cardoso, Domingos B. O. S., Clark, Ruth P., Conceicao, Adilva de Souza, Cota, Matheus Martins Teixeira, Demeulenaere, Else, de Stefano, Rodrigo Duno, Ebinger, John E., Ferm, Julia, Fonseca-Cortes, Andres, Gagnon, Edeline, Grether, Rosaura, Guerra, Ethiene, Haston, Elspeth, Herendeen, Patrick S., Hernandez, Hector M., Hopkins, Helen C. F., Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Hughes, Colin E., Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M., Iganci, Joao, Koenen, Erik J. M., Lewis, Gwilym P., de Lima, Haroldo Cavalcante, de Lima, Alexandre Gibau, Luckow, Melissa, Marazzi, Brigitte, Maslin, Bruce R., Morales, Matias, Morim, Marli Pires, Murphy, Daniel J., O'Donnell, Shawn A., Oliveira, Filipe Gomes, Oliveira, Ana Carla da Silva, Rando, Juliana Gastaldello, Ribeiro, Petala Gomes, Ribeiro, Carolina Lima, Santos, Felipe da Silva, Seigler, David S., da Silva, Guilherme Sousa, Simon, Marcelo F., Soares, Marcos Vinicius Batista & Terra, Vanessa, 2024, Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae. Part 2: Higher-level classification, PhytoKeys 240, pp. 1-552 : 1

Thailentadopsis Kosterm., Ceylon J. Sci., Biol. Sci. 12(2): 131. 1977.

Figs 205 , 209

Type.

Thailentadopsis tenuis (Craib) Kosterm. [≡ Pithecellobium tenue Craib]

Description.

Shrubs or small trees up to 7 m tall, the trunk to 15 cm diameter, armed with spinescent stipules. Stipules spinescent, paired, persistent, lignescent. Leaves bipinnate; stalked extrafloral nectaries between each pair of pinnae and usually between each pair of leaflets; petioles, leaf and pinnae rachides winged or not; pinnae 1-2 pairs; leaflets 1-6 pairs per pinna, opposite, increasing in size from base to apex, small to medium sized. Inflorescences capitate or umbellate, pedunculate, few-flowered, fasciculate, arising from leaf axils, sometimes forming terminal pseudopanicles, homomorphic. Flowers hermaphroditic; calyx campanulate; corolla campanulate or infundibuliform; stamens numerous, long exserted from the corolla, always with the base fused forming a conspicuous tube, the staminal tube always included in and equal in length to the corolla, white, anthers eglandular; pollen in 16-grained polyads, acalymmate, discoid, heteromorphic. Fruits submoniliform, flattened, usually with the interseminal spaces constricted, straight or markedly curved, with thickened margins, the valves coriaceous, dehiscent. Seeds ovoid, with ovate pleurogram.

Chromosome number.

Unknown.

Included species and geographic distribution.

Three species allopatrically distributed in Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam (Fig. 209 ).

Ecology.

Populations are reported from 100 to 900 m elevation, in evergreen and open savanna forest, in shaded areas by streams or along rivers, on soils derived from limestone or granitic bedrock.

Etymology.

From Thailand (home of the type species), Entada (a mimosoid genus, for the superficial similarity of the fruits), and - opsis (Greek = similar to).

Human uses.

Unknown.

Notes.

The three species currently recognised within Thailentadopsis have been placed in different genera, including Acacia , Painteria Britton & Rose and Pithecellobium Mart., and Nielsen (1981a, 1992) suggested relationships with Havardia Small. The three Asian species are now placed in the resurrected Thailentadopsis ( Lewis and Schrire 2003). The phylogenetic analyses of Souza et al. (2013) based on morphological and molecular data recovered Thailentadopsis as sister to a Viguieranthus-Zapoteca clade but phylogenomic analyses supported it as sister to the Asian genus Sanjappa ( Ringelberg et al. 2022).

Taxonomic references.

Lewis and Schrire (2003); Lewis and Rico Arce (2005).

Figures

Figure 205. Inflorescence and fruit morphology in the Zapoteca clade A, B Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev. A inflorescences at anthesis B indehiscent fruit C, D Sanjappa Calliandra cynometroides (Bedd.) E. R. Souza & M. V. Krishnaraj C inflorescence post-anthesis D pinnate leaves and immature fruit E Thailentadopsis tenuis (Craib) Kosterm. inflorescence F Viguieranthus perrieri (R. Vig.) Villiers inflorescence at anthesis G Viguieranthus alternans (Benth.) Villiers foliage and fruits before dehiscence H Viguieranthus brevipennatus Villiers inflorescence at anthesis (Randrianarivony 175) I Zapoteca tetragona (Willd.) H. M. Hern. inflorescence at anthesis J Zapoteca portoricencis (Jacq.) H. M. Hern. subsp. portoricensis inflorescence at anthesis (Amith 74438) K Zapoteca formosa subsp. schottii (Torr. ex S. Watson) H. M. Hern. dehisced fruit. Photo credits A S Piry B B Adkins C, D G Suresh E https: // marketingoemoffice. com / Data _ Pithecellobium. html F F Ratovoson G F Rakotoarivony H T Randrianarivony I FJ Gomez Marin J J Amith K D Beckman.

Figure 209. Distribution of Thailentadopsis based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data.