Orchestina xui Tong & Li, 2024

Song, Chenxue, Tong, Yanfeng, Bian, Dongju & Li, Shuqiang, 2024, A survey of the genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Xishuangbanna, China, with descriptions of five new species, Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (1), pp. 255-277 : 255

Orchestina xui Tong & Li sp. nov.

Figs 15 , 16 , 17 , 18

Type material.

Holotype: ♂ (SYNU-769), China, Yunnan, Mengla Co., Menglun Town, XNNR, fogging, mountaintop secondary rainforest, 55 Km (21°57.987'N, 101°12.167'E), elev. 842 m, 18 August 2011, Zheng, Zhao & Gao leg. Paratypes: 1♂ (SYNU-770), same data as for holotype; 1♂ (SYNU-811), sifting leaf litter, Xiaolongha Vill., seasonal forest (21°24.330'N, 101°37.022'E), elev. 801 m, 30 June 2012, Zhao & Chen leg.; 1♂2♀ (SYNU-790-792), sifting leaf litter, Xiaolongha Vill., secondary forest (21°24.213'N, 101°37.995'E), elev. 834 m, 3 June 2012, Zhao & Chen leg.; 3♂2♀ (SYNU-805-809), XNNR, fogging, valley rainforest, 55 Km (21°57.883'N, 101°12.147'E), elev. 839 m, 15 August 2011, Zheng, Zhao & Gao leg.

Etymology.

The specific name comes from the family name of Mr Yajun Xu, who worked extensively on the Chinese goblin spiders; noun.

Diagnosis.

The new species is similar to O. clavulata in having the pear-shaped bulb, the net-shaped pattern on carapace and the large posterior plate, but can be distinguished by the endites with large triangular outgrowth (Figs 15G , 16E ), vs. straight outer margin in O. clavulata (Fig. 1E ), the embolus with flattened extension (Fig. 16A-D ) vs. gradually narrower in O. clavulata (Fig. 1A-D ), and the genital area with two small, dark sclerotized pockets (Fig. 18B, C ) vs. without sclerotized pockets ( Tong and Li 2011: fig. 4B). The new species is also similar to O. subclavulata sp. nov. in the shape of male endites, but can be distinguished by the embolus with conspicuous dorsal flattened extension and acute tip (Fig. 16A, B ), vs. embolus gradually tapered, with sub-apical, opaque crest (Fig. 9A, B ).

Description.

Male (holotype). Total length 1.13, carapace length 0.55, carapace width 0.43, abdomen length 0.58. Habitus as in Fig. 15A-C . Color in alcohol: pale yellow. Carapace oval, with net-shaped pattern, pars cephalica strongly elevated in lateral view, with rounded posterolateral corners. Clypeus (Fig. 15F ) margin unmodified, curved downwards in front view, rounded forward in lateral view. Sternum (Fig. 15G ) longer than wide, with marginal band and median area of radiating lines, surface smooth. Mouthparts: chelicerae elongate, anterior face unmodified; labium rounded, not fused to sternum, anterior margin not indented at middle; endites (Figs 15G , 16E ) strongly sclerotized, with large triangular outgrowth, outer margin with serrula. Abdomen ovoid, with gray ^-shaped pattern. Genitalia (Fig. 16A-D ): tibia of palp strongly enlarged, length/width ratio = 1.53, cymbium small; bulb pear-shaped, about 0.88 times as wide as tibia, with distal part gradually tapered towards embolus; the sperm duct strongly curved with three loops; embolus flattened, with acute tip.

Female (SYNU-792). Same as male except as noted. Body: habitus as in Fig. 17A-C ; body length 1.18. Carapace: 0.52 long, 0.41 wide. Mouthparts: chelicerae shorter; endites simple, with serrula. Abdomen: 0.67 long. Epigaster (Fig. 18B, C ): with two small, dark sclerotized pockets; internal parts visible through integument. Endogyne (Fig. 18D ): with stout medial clavate sclerite (AUS), anterior part of cylindrical sclerite (AUS) with pair of lateral protrusions (Pr); anterior receptaculum (ARe) rounded, transparent, slightly longer than AUS; with large posterior plate (PP).

Distribution.

China (Yunnan: Mengla County, Menglun Town).

Figures

Figure 1. Orchestina clavulata Tong & Li, 2011, male (SYNU- 777). A, C, D. Left palp, prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views; B. Left bulb, prolateral view; E. Endites and labium, ventral view. Abbreviation: Se = serrula. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 9. Orchestina subclavulata sp. nov., holotype male. A-C. Left palp, prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views, white arrow shows the overlapped sperm duct, red arrow pointing on subapical crest of embolus; D. Endites and labium, ventral view. Abbreviations: Se = serrula; TO = triangular outgrowth. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 15. Orchestina xui sp. nov., holotype male. A-C. Habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D-G. Prosoma, dorsal, lateral, anterior and ventral views. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-C); 0.2 mm (D-G).

Figure 16. Orchestina xui sp. nov., holotype male. A, B, D. Left palp, prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views; C. Distal part of bulb, prolateral view; E. Endites and labium, ventral view. Abbreviations: Se = serrula; TO = triangular outgrowth. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 17. Orchestina xui sp. nov., paratype female. A-C. Habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D-F. Prosoma, dorsal, ventral and lateral views. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-C); 0.2 mm (D-F).

Figure 18. Orchestina xui sp. nov., paratype female. A. Prosoma, anterior view; B. Epigaster, ventral view; C, D. Endogyne, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: ARe = anterior receptaculum; AUS = anterior uterine sclerite; Po = pocket; PP = posterior plate; Pr = protrusion. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B-D).