Micrapate Casey, 1898: 66

Liu, Lan-Yu, Beaver, Roger A. & Flechtmann, Carlos A. H., 2024, A new species of Micrapate (Insecta: Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) from Brazil, with a key to Brazilian species, Zootaxa 5433 (2), pp. 266-276 : 268-269

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5433.2.6
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:411DE95F-3FF6-4B44-905E-E6D3488DA971
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10954111
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C25F24E-FF85-FFCA-FF71-8561CEE3F9DC
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Micrapate Casey, 1898: 66
status

Treatment

Genus Micrapate Casey, 1898: 66 View in CoL , 72–73.

Type species: Sinoxylon dinoderoides Horn, 1878: 542 .

Diagnosis

Body elongate, cylindrical, small sized (2.5‒6.5mm). Head strongly convex, not transversely depressed behind eyes, not visible from above. Fronto-clypeal suture distinct or obsolete. Antenna short, with 9 or 10 antennomeres. Pronotum strongly convex, strongly declivous and dentate anteriorly, anterior angles of pronotum without large horns, lateral margins without carinae. Elytra strongly convex, parallel-sided, without distinct declivity in both sexes. Legs short, subequal in length, dentate on exterior margins of tibiae, apical segment of each tarsus shorter than preceding four segments united. Sexual dimorphism weakly developed on last visible ventrite of abdomen, which is always simple and slightly convex in the male, often with a median impression and/or apical margin emarginate in the female (see further details in the key). Further morphological characters are given by Fisher (1950).

Key to Brazilian species of Micrapate View in CoL

The key is based both on Lesne’s descriptions and the senior author’s examination of the study materials. It is based on mature specimens; teneral adult specimens may not key correctly. Female sexually dimorphic characters are given where known, but only the male is known for horni ( Lesne, 1899) , the secondary sexual characters are not apparent in brunnipes ( Fabricius, 1801) and obesa ( Lesne, 1899) , and Lesne (1906a) described bicostula Lesne based on two specimens of undetermined sex.

1. Antennae with 10 segments; upper margin of decivity on each elytron without an elongated costa...................... 2

- Antennae with 9 segments; an elongated costa in middle of upper margin of declivity of each elytron. Female: last visible abdominal ventrite with a wide transverse impression in middle extending to the posterior margin; impression wider in the middle than posteriorly.................................................... wagneri Lesne, 1906b View in CoL ( Figs 2L View FIGURE 2 , 3L View FIGURE 3 ).

2. Elytral disc uniform in color ( Figs 2A–C, F–G, K View FIGURE 2 )........................................................... 3

- Elytral disc not uniform in color, rather dark with recognizable 2 nd color ( Figs 2D–E, H–J, L View FIGURE 2 )......................... 8

3. Size moderate to large, length 5.5–6mm ................................................................... 4

- Size small, length 2.5–4mm ............................................................................. 5

4. Suture of declivity raised, swollen; apical margin of elytra strongly projecting and lower apical margin with a small toothlike process on inner margin near sutural angle; punctures of declivity coarser, very closely placed, separated by narrow ridges. Female: last visible abdominal ventrite obliquely depressed in the middle in a semicircular area extending to the posterior margin; posterior margin with a deep notch in the middle.......................... brevipes ( Lesne, 1899) View in CoL ( Figs 2F View FIGURE 2 , 3D View FIGURE 3 )

- Suture of declivity only slightly raised in the middle; lower apical margin without small toothlike process on inner margin near sutural angle; punctures of declivity finer, less closely placed, separated by smooth, flat cuticle. Secondary sexual characters not apparent, last visible abdominal ventrite simple, very evenly rounded and margined posteriorly in both sexes.................................................................................. obesa ( Lesne, 1899) View in CoL ( Figs 2G View FIGURE 2 , 3I View FIGURE 3 ).

5. Median part of suture of elytral declivity strongly swollen with a series of spiny tubercles directed posteriorly. Female: last visible abdominal ventrite slightly convex in middle close to posterior margin, with long, golden hairs converging in middle to form a triangular tuft of hairs.................................................. spinula sp. nov. ( Figs 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2K View FIGURE 2 , 3J View FIGURE 3 ).

- Median part of suture of elytral declivity raised but without a series of spiny tubercles.............................. 6.

6. Pronotum with a fine, glabrous median line. Suture on elytral declivity weakly rugulose; apical margin of declivity not reflexed dorsally. Female: last visible abdominal ventrite with a rounded median foveola and a fairly deep notch in the posterior margin.................................................................... atra ( Lesne, 1899) View in CoL ( Figs 2A View FIGURE 2 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ).

- Pronotum without median line. Suture on elytral declivity raised or swollen, but not rugulose; apical margin of declivity reflexed dorsally...................................................................................... 7

7. Punctures of declivital face large, alveolate with smooth interspaces; suture raised and swollen in median part with a series of punctures on either side of the raised suture; apical margin of elytra slightly reflexed, not extended and flattened. …… bicostula Lesne, 1906a View in CoL ( Figs 2B View FIGURE 2 , 3B View FIGURE 3 ).

- Punctures of declivital face small, confluent towards suture; suture on elytral declivity uniformly elevated along entire length, with a longitudinal depression on either side; apical part of declivity slightly extended and flattened, weakly ogive-shaped in dorsal view. Female: last visible ventrite with a small, round fovea at apex........ brasiliensis ( Lesne, 1899) View in CoL ( Figs 2C View FIGURE 2 , 3C View FIGURE 3 ).

8. Elytral disc gradually changing in coloration from base to apex, reddish or brownish anteriorly becoming darker posteriorly. ................................................................................................... 9

- Coloration of elytral disc not gradually varied, either with a red spot on each elytron near base or anterior half dark red... 11

9. Pronotum with extremely fine, indistinct median line. Coloration of elytral disc gradually changing from light red anteriorly to dark red posteriorly, or dark red beneath dark surface, darker on posterior part of elytra and anterior part of pronotum; puncturation of elytral disc relatively fine and sparse, attenuated towards the posterior third. Declivital punctures stronger than on elytral disc, confluent and subcarious; suture raised in median part, the swelling moderately and uniformly projecting, shining, its surface finely punctulate and bordered on each side by a depression; posterior margin of declivity deflexed and lower apical margin denticulate. Secondary sexual characters not apparent...... brunnipes ( Fabricius, 1801) View in CoL ( Figs 2D View FIGURE 2 , 3E View FIGURE 3 ).

- Pronotum with distinct median line. Coloration of elytral disc gradually changing from light brown to reddish brown, or darker brown on posterior part of elytra and anterior part of pronotum. Declivital characters not wholly as in alternate.......... 10

10. Elytral declivity convex with the largest punctures next to suture confluent; median part of suture with a pair of lip-shaped carinae. Female: last visible abdominal ventrite with a semicircular median pit, extending to the posterior margin which is weakly emarginate in the middle; inner part of pit glabrous and shining............. germaini ( Lesne, 1899) View in CoL ( Figs 2J View FIGURE 2 , 3G View FIGURE 3 ).

- Elytral declivity convex with a series of distinctly separated punctures next to suture; median part of suture of elytral swollen and corrugated. Female: last visible abdominal ventrite with a weak transverse impression at middle extending to the weakly emarginate posterior margin; emargination of same width as impression.......... cribripennis ( Lesne, 1899) View in CoL ( Figs 2E View FIGURE 2 , 3F View FIGURE 3 ).

11. Body 4.0‒ 4.5mm in length. Elytra with a large brownish red spot close to humerus on each elytron. Suture on elytral declivity raised in median part, lower margin slightly reflexed, very finely granulate beneath, without a toothlike process near sutural angle. Female: not known.................................................... horni ( Lesne, 1899) View in CoL ( Figs 2I View FIGURE 2 , 3H View FIGURE 3 ).

‒ Body 5.0‒ 5.3mm in length. Basal half of elytra wholly dark red. Suture on elytral declivity not raised, lower apical margin with a toothlike process on inner margin near the sutural angle, not reflexed. Female: last visible abdominal ventrite with sparse and shorter erect hairs, very convex along the posterior margin as if folded vertically beneath on each side of the median emargination, without a semicircular impression posteriorly....................... pupulus Lesne, 1906a View in CoL ( Figs 2H View FIGURE 2 , 3K View FIGURE 3 ).