Parapharyngodon maplestoni

Goldberg, Stephen R., Bursey, Charles R. & Grismer, L. Lee, 2015, Gastrointestinal helminths of nine species of Cnemaspis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, one species from Cambodia and Thailand and two species from Vietnam, Journal of Natural History 49 (43), pp. 2683-2691 : 2685

Parapharyngodon maplestoni ,

described by Chatterji (1933) from the lizard Calotes versicolor (Agamidae) from Burma (currently Myanmar), has a wide distribution pattern including Thailand of Southeast Asia ( Goldberg and Bursey 2001). Members of the Pharyngodonidae , such as P. maplestoni , have direct (monoxenous) life cycles and infection most likely occurs when contaminated substrate is ingested as lizards forage for food; a colonising P. maplestoni needs only to find suitable habitat occupied by other lizards. This lack of dependence on an intermediate host is likely to increase the efficiency of P. maplestoni in infecting additional lizards, probably contributes to the broad distribution of this species and may be partly responsible for its success in establishing in two species of geckos, Nactus multicarinatus and N. pelagicus , on various islands in Vanuatu, Oceania ( Goldberg et al. 2011). Parapharyngodon maplestoni in C. baueri and C. pemanggilensis are new host records.