Apatura iris ( Linnaeus, 1758 )

Lee, Young June, 2009, Apaturinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from the Korean Peninsula: Synonymic Lists and Keys to Tribes, Genera and Species, Zootaxa 2169, pp. 1-20 : 6-7

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.189163

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6218445

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B4687E5-E252-B75F-FCEB-F909FC98FB7F

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Apatura iris ( Linnaeus, 1758 )
status

 

Apatura iris ( Linnaeus, 1758) View in CoL

( Figs. 1 View FIGURES 1 – 2 , 10 View FIGURES 3 – 10 )

Papilio iris Linnaeus, 1758: 476 View Cited Treatment [Type locality: “ Germania ”; “ Anglia ”].

Apatura iris: Staudinger and Rebel, 1901: 21 View in CoL (first record from Korea); Seok, 1936: 62; Seok, 1939b: 59; Kim and Mi, 1956: 396; Lee, 1971: 12; Seok, 1973: 88; Lee, 1973: 6; Lee, 1982: 73; Masui and Inomata, 1990: 5; Lee, 1992: 1; Chou, 1994: 426; Korshunov and Gorbunov, 1995: 72; Tuzov et al., 2000: 13; Lee, 2005: 27. Papilio iris f. jole Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775: 172 [Type locality: “Umgebung von Wien”, Austria]; Lee, 1973: 6 ( Apatura iris View in CoL ab.).

Apatura iris View in CoL var. bieti Oberthür, 1885: 136 [Type locality: “Tâ-tsien-lou”, Thibet]; Maruda, 1929: 127 ( iris View in CoL subsp.); Nakayama, 1932: 379 ( iris View in CoL subsp.); Mori et al., 1934: 35 ( iris View in CoL subsp.); Kishida and Nakamura, 1936: 517 ( iris View in CoL subsp.); Seok, 1939b: 60 ( iris View in CoL subsp.).

Apatura iris amurensis Stichel, 1908: 161 View in CoL [Type locality: Amurland]; Nire, 1918: 95; Doi, 1919: 122; Okamoto, 1924: 89; Doi, 1928: 50; Maruda, 1929: 127; Nakayama, 1932: 379; Mori et al., 1934: 35; Kishida and Nakamura, 1936: 517; Seok, 1939a: 179 ( iris View in CoL f.); Seok, 1939b: 59 ( iris View in CoL f.); Seok and Umitatsu, 1942: 186 ( iris View in CoL f.); Kim and Mi, 1956: 396 ( iris View in CoL f.); Seok, 1973: 88 ( iris View in CoL f.); Shin, 1975: 42, 45; Inomata, 1982: xvii; Masui and Inomata, 1990: 5; Okano, 1998: 6.

Apatura iris iris: Sugitani, 1932b: 100 View in CoL ; Mori et al., 1934: 35; Seok, 1939a: 178 ( iris View in CoL f.); Seok, 1939b: 59 ( iris View in CoL f.); Seok and Umitatsu, 1942: 186 ( iris View in CoL f.); Kim and Mi, 1956: 396 ( iris View in CoL f.); Seok, 1973: 88 ( iris View in CoL f.).

Apatura iris peninsularis Lee and Takakura, 1981: 135 [Type locality: “Mt. Sobaeg, Gyeongsang Bugdo, ROK ”]; Masui and Inomata, 1990: 5, 8.

Subspecies. The Korean populations are considered to belong to the nominal subspecies (cf. Lee 1992) although subsp. amurensis was suggested for the populations from northern Korean Peninsula, northeastern China and Far Eastern Russia (cf. Nire 1918; Tuzov et al. 2000) and subsp. peninsularis was described for those from central and southern Korean Peninsula. No morphological differences are recognizable between the northern Korean populations and the nominal subspecies. The differences in body size and the variations between the northern Korean populations and the southern Korean populations are only transitional.

Adult. Active from mid June to late August (one brood). Males are often encountered on the ground near streams or forest paths. In the afternoon, they move to peaks or ridges and hilltop on nearby trees. Females are not commonly seen as they tend to be sedentary on leaves. Both sexes are attracted to decomposing organisms or fermenting liquids, and neither sex visits flowers. Mating occurs near the food trees or near peaks of mountains in the afternoon.

Larval host plants. Salix caprea ( Sohn and Kim 1990) . In Europe, Salix cinerea L. and Salix aurita L. have also been reported (cf. Higgins and Riley 1983).

Life cycle. See Sohn and Kim (1990) and Harada and Igarashi (1993). Eggs are laid one by one under leaves of the host plants. Larvae are solitary. Usually the 3rd instar larvae hibernate on twigs, in furrows of trunks, on diverging points of two branches, or rarely on leaves of the food plants. Lengths of 1st–5th larval instars are approximately 7, 16, 205, 39 and 33 days.

Distribution. Korea (high altitude areas above 500 m, but not on the adjacent islands), China, Russia and other parts of the Palaearctic region (but not in Japan).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Lepidoptera

Family

Nymphalidae

SubFamily

Apaturinae

Genus

Apatura

Loc

Apatura iris ( Linnaeus, 1758 )

Lee, Young June 2009
2009
Loc

Apatura iris peninsularis

Masui 1990: 5
Lee 1981: 135
1981
Loc

Apatura iris iris:

Seok 1973: 88
Kim 1956: 396
Seok 1942: 186
Seok 1939: 178
Seok 1939: 59
Mori 1934: 35
Sugitani 1932: 100
1932
Loc

Apatura iris amurensis

Okano 1998: 6
Masui 1990: 5
Shin 1975: 42
Seok 1973: 88
Kim 1956: 396
Seok 1942: 186
Seok 1939: 179
Seok 1939: 59
Kishida 1936: 517
Mori 1934: 35
Nakayama 1932: 379
Maruda 1929: 127
Doi 1928: 50
Okamoto 1924: 89
Doi 1919: 122
Nire 1918: 95
Stichel 1908: 161
1908
Loc

Apatura iris:

Lee 2005: 27
Tuzov 2000: 13
Korshunov 1995: 72
Chou 1994: 426
Lee 1992: 1
Masui 1990: 5
Lee 1982: 73
Seok 1973: 88
Lee 1973: 6
Lee 1973: 6
Lee 1971: 12
Kim 1956: 396
Seok 1939: 59
Seok 1936: 62
Staudinger 1901: 21
Denis 1775: 172
1901
Loc

Apatura iris

Seok 1939: 60
Kishida 1936: 517
Mori 1934: 35
Nakayama 1932: 379
Maruda 1929: 127
Oberthur 1885: 136
1885
Loc

Papilio iris

Linnaeus 1758: 476
1758
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