Cleistopholis staudtii (Engl. & Diels) Engl. & Diels, Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen.-Fam. 6: 35, 1901

Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. & Sonke, Bonaventure, 2022, Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45, PhytoKeys 207, pp. 1-532 : 94-95

Cleistopholis staudtii (Engl. & Diels) Engl. & Diels, Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen.-Fam. 6: 35, 1901

Figs 22 , 23 ; Map 3F

≡ Oxymitra staudtii Engl. & Diels, Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 2: 297, 1899.

= Polyalthia (?) crassipes Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 477, 1907. Type. Cameroon. South Region, Bipindi, Zenker G.A. 2454a, 1902: holotype B destroyed, lectotype here designated: P[01988941]; isolectotypes: MO[MO-2500050]; P[P01988940, P01988942].

Type.

Cameroon. South-West Region; Johann-Albrechtshöhe [Kumba], Staudt A. 957, 1896: holotype: B[B 10 0154076]; isotypes: BM[BM000546890]; K[K000105343]; LE[LE00012452]

Description.

Tree, 15-30 m tall, d.b.h. up to 30 cm; stilt roots or buttresses absent. Indumentum of simple hairs; old leafless branches glabrous, young foliate branches glabrous. Leaves: petiole 10-20 mm long, ca. 3 mm in diameter, glabrous, grooved, blade inserted on the side of the petiole; blade 9-17 cm long, 3-6.5 cm wide, obovate, oblong to elliptic, apex acuminate, acumen ca. 1 cm long, base rounded to acute, coriaceous, below glabrous when young and old, above glabrous when young and old, discolorous, whitish below, midrib impressed, above glabrous when young and old, below glabrous when young and old; secondary veins 10 to 12 pairs, glabrous below; tertiary venation reticulate. Individuals bisexual; inflorescences ramiflorous on young and old leafless branches, axillary, peduncle absent. Flowers with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls, 2 to 3 per inflorescence; pedicel 12-20 mm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter, glabrous; in fruit 15-35 mm long, ca. 3 mm in diameter, glabrous; bracts 1 to 3, all basal, 1-2 mm long, 2 mm wide; sepals 3, valvate, free, ca. 2 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, triangular to ovate, apex acute to rounded, base truncate, green, glabrous outside, glabrous inside, margins flat; petals free, outer petals longer than inner; outer petals 3, 15-20 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, linear, apex acute, base truncate, green, margins flat, glabrous outside, glabrous inside; inner petals 3, imbricate, 2-2.5 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, ovate, apex acute, base truncate, claw mm long, green, margins flat, glabrous outside, glabrous inside; stamens 30 to 40, in 3 to 4 rows, ca. 1 mm long, broad; connective discoid, pubescent, green; staminodes absent; carpels free, 15 to 22, ca. 1 mm long, stigma capitate, glabrous. Monocarps stipitate to sessile, stipes when present to 10 mm long, 3-4 mm in diameter, 3 to 8 monocarps, 15-20 mm long, 12-15 mm in diameter, globose, apex rounded, glabrous, striate, bumpy, constricted around seeds; seeds 1 to 3 per monocarp, 10-15 mm long, 7-10 mm in diameter, ellipsoid; aril absent.

Distribution.

From Cameroon to Gabon; in Cameroon known from South, Central, Littoral and South-West regions.

Habitat.

A common species when present, in lowland rain forests in primary or secondary habitats. Altitude 50-1000 m a.s.l.

Local and common names known in Cameroon.

None recorded.

IUCN conservation status.

Least Concern (LC) ( Cosiaux et al. 2019h).

Uses in Cameroon.

construction: bark for building materials ( Tessmann 1913).

Notes.

Easily distinguished from C. glauca and C. patens by its linear and acute outer petals, in contrast to short and rounded outer petals in the latter two. It is quite hard to distinguish these species based on sterile material alone.

Specimens examined.

Central Region: Ca 50 km NW of Eséka W of Yaoundé, 3.65°N, 10.78°E, 25 November 1963, de Wilde W.J.J.O 1342 (B,BR,C,DES,L,LD,MO,P,U,WAG,YA); Ottotomo Forest Reserve , 3.65°N, 11.31°E, Service Forestier du Cameroun 32 (P) . South Region: ca 15 km from Kribi 1 km S of Ebolowa road, 2.85°N, 10.01°E, 20 February 1970, Bos J.J. 6383 (P,WAG); Station de cacaoyer de N’koemvone 14 km On the road from Ebolowa to Ambam, 2.81°N, 11.13°E, 02 February 1975, de Wilde J.J.F.E 7947 (B,BR,K,MO,P,U,WAG,YA); Pres de Bella (45 km NE de Kribi), 3.25°N, 10.2°E, 25 January 1962, Letouzey R. 4149 (P,YA); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.41°E, 01 January 1900, Zenker G.A. 2264 (L,P,WAG); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.41°E, 01 January 1902, Zenker G.A. 2454 (L,P,WAG); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.41°E, 01 January 1902, Zenker G.A. 2495 (L,P,WAG); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.41°E, 01 January 1913, Zenker G.A. 4669 (L,P); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.41°E, 01 January 1913, Zenker G.A. 4880 (L,P) . South-West Region: Ekundu Kundu, 5.16°N, 8.874°E, 11 April 1996, Cable S. 1825 (K,YA); Kupe Mount Path to Kupe Rock, 4.75°N, 9.686°E, 24 November 1995, Cheek M. 7915 (K,P,WAG); Muanezum trail from Kupe village towards Daniel Ajang's area 4.77°N, 9.708°E, 18 July 1996, Etuge M. 2884 (K,MO,P,WAG); Just outside Kupe village going north, 4.77°N, 9.688°E, 29 November 1999, Gosline W.G. 240 (K,MO,P,WAG,YA); Korup National Park , 5.06°N, 8.855°E, 05 December 1997, Kenfack D. 984 (MO,P,WAG); Environs of Kumba farmed land and scrub with scattered trees, 4.63°N, 9.433°E, 01 March 1984, Thomas D.W. 3271 (MO,WAG,YA) .

Figures

Map 3. A Artabotrys velutinus B Brieya fasciculata C Cleistopholis glauca D Cleistopholis myristiciflora E Cleistopholis patens F Cleistopholis staudtii G Dennettia tripetala H Duguetia barteri I Duguetia confinis. White borders represent region limits in Cameroon; green patches represent protected areas (see methods and Suppl. material 1: Fig. S 1).

Figure 22. Cleistopholis staudtii A flowering branch B flower, side view, note linear outer petals C stamen, side view D carpel, side view and detail of ovules. Cleistopholis patens E flowering branch F flower, side view G stamen, side view H carpel, side view and detail of ovules I fruit; note bumpy monocarps A-D from Letouzey 4149 E-J from Chevalier 22379. Drawings by Helene Lamourdedieu, Publications Scientifiques du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris; modified from Le Thomas (1969 b, pl. 16, p. 93).

Figure 23. Cleistopholis glauca A habit, note long drooping branches B flowers, top view, inner petals imbricate, not opened yet C fruit, note smooth monocarps D flowering branch, inner petals open revealing receptacle. Cleistopholis patens E trunk F base of leaf blades, upper view. Cleistopholis staudtii G leaf, top view, note long petioles H leaf, lower view I flowering branch, note long linear outer petals A-C Sosef 2036, Gabon D Couvreur 389, Ebodje, Cameroon E, F Couvreur 1202, Masea, Cameroon G-I Couvreur 570, Gabon. Photos Thomas L. P. Couvreur.