Dasyhelea monticola Ingram and Macfie, 1931

Díaz, Florentina, Spinelli, Gustavo R., Donato, Mariano & Ronderos, María M., 2014, A taxonomic revision of the Patagonian species of the Dasyhelea mutabilis species group with a phylogenetic analysis of New World species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 48 (35 - 36), pp. 2117-2175 : 2142-2146

Dasyhelea monticola Ingram and Macfie, 1931

( Figures 7 , 19 A-B, 21)

Dasyhelea monticola Ingram and Macfie, 1931: 188 (male, female, Chile); Wirth, 1974: 17 (in catalogue of south USA species); Borkent and Wirth, 1997: 56 (in World catalogue); Borkent and Spinelli, 2000: 25 (in New World catalogue south of the USA); Borkent and Spinelli, 2007: 60 (in Neotropical catalogue); Borkent, 2017: 67 (in online World catalogue).

Diagnosis

Only species of Dasyhelea in Patagonia with the following combination of characters: male paramere J-shaped. Female subgenital plate circular; cubital fork of wing distad to level of end of costa; spermatheca ovoid with oblique neck.

Redescription of male. Similar to female with usual sexual differences. Antennal flagellum as in Figure 7A . Palpus ( Figure 7B ) brown; segment 3 bearing scattered sensilla on basomesal surface; PR 3.57–4.66 (4.14, n = 10). Scutellum with 7–8 large, 1–2 thinner setae. Wing ( Figure 19B ) length 0.69–1.14 (0.94, n = 10) mm, width 0.24–0.36 (0.31, n = 10) mm; CR 0.38–0.44 (0.41, n = 10). Genitalia ( Figure 7C ): tergite 9 rounded distally, reaching level of apex of gonocoxites, apicolateral process moderately short, stout, with conspicuous apical seta; cercus very small with 2–3 small setae; sternite 9 ( Figure 7D ) 0.5 length of greatest width, posteromedian projection rounded, reaching one-third of aedeagus length. Gonocoxite stout, 1.8 × longer than greatest width, with short, blunt anteromedian process; gonostylus 0.9 length of gonocoxite, base moderately broad, slightly curved, tapering slightly distally, apex barely hooked, tip pointed. Paramere and gonocoxal apodemes ( Figure 7E ) forming an asymmetrical structure; gonocoxal apodemes stout, right apodeme barely fused with paramere, left broadly fused with paramere; paramere greatly elongate, J-shaped. Aedeagus 0.9 length of greatest width, W/L ratio 0.50–0.60 (0.53, n = 7); anterior margin concave; basal arms heavily sclerotized, stout, recurved 60°, posteriorly directed; posterolateral arms stout, straight, parallel, tapering to slender, sharply pointed tips, each with mesal, subapical, outer triangular process; posteromedian projection short, slender, triangular, tapering distally, with simple, pointed tip.

Redescription of female. Head dark brown. Eyes contiguous for distance of the width of 3 ommatidia. Antennal flagellum ( Figure 7F ) pale; AR 0.85–1.03 (0.91, n = 10). Clypeus ( Figure 7G ) with 4 pairs of setae. Palpus ( Figure 7H ) pale brown; segment 3 with 2–3 subbasomesal capitate sensilla; PR. 3.20–4.00 (3.60, n = 10).

Thorax. Scutum dark brown, scutellum pale brown with 6–7 large, 2–3 thinner setae; apex of hind tibia with 4–6 spines; foreleg TR 1.59–2.03 (1.70, n = 10), midleg TR 1.67–2.02 (1.82, n = 10), hind leg TR 1.77–2.00 (1.87, n = 10). Wing ( Figure 19A ) length 0.75–0.96 (0.85, n = 10) mm, width 0.30–0.42 (0.37, n = 10) mm; CR 0.30–0.44 (0.39, n = 10); membrane slightly infuscated, densely covered with macrotrichia; radial cells obliterated; cubital fork slightly distad to level of apex of costa. Haltere dark brown, knob base whitish.

Abdomen. Pale brown. Subgenital plate ( Figure 7I ) circular with narrow lumen, without posteromedian projection; posterolateral arms moderately broad, distal portions slender, recurved nearly 90°. Spermatheca ( Figure 7J ) ovoid heavily sclerotized, 60 × 36 µm, neck oblique, short, measuring 12 µm.

Distribution ( Figure 21 )

Argentina (Neuquen, Río Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego), Chile (Malleco, Osorno) .

Type material

Holotype male, allotype female, Chile, Llanquihue prov. , Casa Pangue, 4/ 10 December 1926, F. and M. Edwards ( BMNH examined).

Other specimens examined

Argentina, Neuquen prov., Parque Nacional Lanin, lago Ruca-Choroy , 14 January 1994, G. Spinelli, 2 females ( MLPA) ; 20 km south Moquehue , 14 February 1994, G. Spinelli, 1 female ( MLPA) ; lago Aluminé , 22 December 1996 / 3 January 1997, G. Spinelli, 1 female ( MLPA) ; lago Huechulaufquen , 28 February 1998, G. Spinelli, 1 female ( MLPA) ; arroyo camino a las Termas del Queñi , 7 February 1999, P. Marino, 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Villa la Angostura , 11/ 15 January 2004, G. Spinelli, 1 male, at light ( MLPA) . Río Negro prov., Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Puerto Blest , 9 December 1992, G. Spinelli, 2 males, 6 females ( MLPA) ; Rincón de Comi-Co, 41°08′35.1“ S, 67° 27′34.6″ W, 1000 m, 7 December 2006, G. Spinelli, 1 male, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Mallin la Cortadera, 41°05′13″ S, 71°48′26“ W, 769 m, 11/ 30 December 2006; Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 14 December 2006 / 8 January 2007, 3 males, 1 female ( MLPA) ; same data except 8 January / 3 February 2007, 8 males, 5 females ( MLPA) 1 male, 1 female ( BMNH) , 1 male, 1 female, ( USNM) , 1 male, 1 female, ( CNCI) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Mallin los Patos , 41°15′48.6″ S, 71°17′50.3“ W, 1020 m, 20 December 2006 / 3 January 2007, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Mallin La Heladera, 41°05′13″ S, 71°48′26″ W, 769 m, 14 December 2006 / 8 January 2007, Garré-Montes de Oca , 2 males, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 8 January / 3 February 2007, 1 male, 3 females ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, arroyo Vantitter, 41°11′53.8″ S, 71°29′47.3″ W, 1748 m, 24 January 2007, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 male, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Laguna Schmoll, 41°11’36.7’’ S, 71°29’51.2’’ W, 1925 m, 24 January 2007, Garré-Montes de Oca , 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, cerro Catedral, laguna Toncek , 41°11′52.2″ S, 71°29′31.2″ W, 1770 m, 20 February 2007, Cazorla-Donato, 1 male, 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Manso Superior, 41°14′8.1″ S, 71°46′58.5″ W, 845 m, 7 February / 2 March 2007, Garré- Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, arroyo Llum, 41°16′13.3″ S, 71°30′56.7″ W, 857 m, 4/ 25 January 2007, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 male, 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, arroyo Blanco ( Villa Traful ), 40°39′03.4″ S, 71°24′45.8″ W, 822 m, 12 December 2007 / 7 March 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 21 January / 7 February 2008, 1 female, ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, arroyo Neuquenco, 40°28′48.3″ S, 71°36′44.1″ W, 809 m, 9/ 23 January 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 23 January / 4 February 2008, 1 male, 2 females ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, laguna Mercedes, 40°52′43.4″ S, 71°34′41″ W, 899 m, 3 January / 21 February 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Pichitraful, 40°42′46″ S, 71°47′23″ W, 789 m, 4/ 23 February 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Lago Espejo, 40°38′49.3″ S, 71°42′12.7″ W, 903 m, 23 February / 5 March 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) . Chubut prov., lago Fontana , 12 December 1995, G. Spinelli, 2 males, sweep net ( MLPA) ; cerro Galera , 2/ 4 December 2002, G. Spinelli, 2 males, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Puerto Patriada, 500 m Epuyén , 2/ 8 December 2008 P. Pessacq, 2 males, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 3/ 29 January 2009, 1 male ( MLPA) . Santa Cruz prov., lago del Desierto , 19 January 1995, G. Spinelli, 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; same data except 9 December 1996, 2 females ( MLPA) . Tierra del Fuego prov., Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego, laguna Negra (turbera), 54°50′42.1″ S, 68°35′17.9″ W, 15 m, 1/ 4 December 2008, Donato-Spinelli, 2 males, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 4/ 7 December 2008, 4 males, 3 females ( MLPA) .

Chile, Malleco prov. , Parque Nacional Conguillio, 22 December 1984, J. A. Downes, 1 female, sweep net ( JAD 1677 /1) ( CNCI) ; Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta , 26 December 1984, J. A. Downes, 1 male, sweep net ( JAD 1682 /2) ( CNCI) . Osorno prov. , Pucatrihue, 1 December 1992, G. Spinelli, 1 male ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Vicente Perez Rosales , Casa Pangue, 41°02′55″ S, 71°52′31.2″ W, 366 m, 18 February 2008, M. Donato, 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) .

Phylogenetic relationships

Dasyhelea monticola is the sister species of D. suarezi Spinelli and Ronderos. The clade ( D. monticola , D. suarezi ) is suppoted by the characters “parameres” [character 13 (1)]; “shape of posteromedian projection of aedeagus” [character 19 (2)] and “cubital fork (female)” [character 23 (1)].

Figures

Figure 7. Dasyhelea monticola Ingram and Macfie: (A–E) male, (F–J) female. (A, F) Flagellomeres. (B, H) Palpus. (C) Genitalia, ventral view. (D) Sternite 9. (E) Paramere and gonocoxal apodemes. (G) Clypeus. (I) Subgenital plate, ventral view. (J) Spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

Figure 19. Photographs of wings. (A, B) Dasyhelea monticola Ingram and Macfie: (A) female, (B) male. (C, D) Dasyhelea pseudolacustris Díaz and Spinelli sp. nov.: (C) female, (D) male. (E, F) Dasyhelea serrana Díaz and Spinelli sp. nov.: (E) female, (F) male. (G, H) Dasyhelea tehuelche Díaz and Spinelli sp. nov.: (G) female, (H) male. (I, J) Dasyhelea yamana Díaz and Spinelli sp. nov.: (I) female, (J) male. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

Figure 21. Distribution map of Dasyhelea carlae, Dasyhelea ingrami, Dasyhelea monticola and Dasyhelea serrana.