Cyrtogrammomma frevo, Osorio Gonzalez-Filho & Fonseca-Ferreira & Brescovit & Guadanucci, 2022

Osorio Gonzalez-Filho, Hector Manuel, Fonseca-Ferreira, Rafael, Brescovit, Antonio Domingos & Guadanucci, Jose Paulo Leite, 2022, Taxonomy of the genus Cyrtogrammomma Pocock, 1895 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) with a description of a new species from Brazil, Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2), pp. 181-199 : 181

Cyrtogrammomma frevo sp. nov.

Figs 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14

Type-material.

Holotype ♂. Brazil: Alagoas: Murici, Estação Ecológica de Murici, 09°13'47"S, 35°50'10"W, 13-22.ix.1997, N.F.L.M. Hung leg. (IBSP 15220). Paratypes: Brazil: Pernambuco: Jaqueira, Reserva Particular de Patrimônio Natural Frei Caneca, 8°42'41"S, 35°50'30"W, vii.2012, A. Costa leg., 1♀ (IBSP 165145); Alagoas: Murici, Estação Ecológica de Murici, 09°13'47"S, 35°50'10"W, 13-22.ix.1997, N.F.L.M. Hung leg. 1 ♂ (IBSP 15221); Bahia: Jandaíra, Mangue Seco, 11°33'50"S, 37°47'02"W, 1♀ (IBSP 131712).

Additional material examined.

Brazil: Bahia: 3♀, Jandaíra, Mangue Seco ; 11°33'50"S, 37°47'02"W, (IBSP 131713, IBSP 131714, IBSP 131715) ; 1 juvenile, Camaçari, Praia de Barra do Jacuipe , 2012 (IBSP 248209) ; 5 juveniles; Salvador, Lauro Freitas , 12°53'38"S, 38°19'37"W, viii.2012, T.S. Melo leg. (IBSP 165156) ; 2♀, Jaguaripe , 13°6'46"S, 38°53'45"W; 2014, C.M.P. Leite leg. (IBSP 166186) ; 8♂, Pernambuco: Recife, Horto Dois Irmaos , 8°0'44.197"S, 34°56'45.991"W, vii-xi.2000, M. Perez leg. (IBSP 116561, 116562, 116563, 116564, 116565, 116566, 116567, IBSP 11668) ; 1♀ 3 juveniles, Sirinhaém, 8°35'27"S, 35°6'57"W, xii.2012 - i.2013, R.V. Urbinati leg. (IBSP 165147) .

Etymology.

The species name is a noun in apposition derived from the typical dance of the Carnival of Pernambuco state.

Diagnosis.

Cyrtogrammomma frevo sp. nov. can be recognized by the presence of a pattern of lateral stripes and central dots on the dorsal face of the abdomen (Figs 10A , 12A ). Furthermore, it differs from C. monticola by having the PMS shorter (Fig. 11A, B ) and from C. raveni by having a few cuspules (fewer than five) concentrated in the anterior half of the labium (see Mori and Bertani 2020, fig. 338). Males differ from C. monticola by the presence of a “spoon-shaped” tip on the embolus (Fig. 10H-L ). Females can be distinguished by the spermathecae receptacle with short ducts (Fig. 12D ).

Description.

Male (holotype IBSP 15220). Total length: 8.6. Carapace 4.35 long, 3.8 wide, thoracic striae slightly distinct. Caput slightly raised. Fovea: 0.45 wide, straight. Clypeus absent. Eyes tubercle trapezoidal and slightly flat (Figs 10G , 11C ). Eight eyes on tubercle 0.67 long, 0.7 wide. Anterior eye row strongly procurved, posterior row straight. Eyes’ diameters and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.15, PME 0.1, PLE 0.17; ALE-ALE 0.27, ALE-AME 0.1, AME-PME 0.06, PME-PME 0.22, PLE-PME 0.04, AME-AME 0.12, ALE-PLE 0.27. Labium: ellipsoid, 0.3 long, 0.7 wide, having two rounded cupules on distal third (Fig. 10F ). Chelicerae: 7 prolateral teeth and 12 tiny teeth on inner edge. Rastellum composed of weak and long setae, ca. 21 conical spines on promargin. Labiosternal groove shallow, flat, with pair of sigilla. Maxillae: 1.53 long, 0,7 wide, with ca. 9 cuspules in the inner corner. Heel reduced. Anterior lobe short, not projected (Fig. 10F ). Sternum 1.89 long, 2.07 wide. Abdomen: Book lungs semi-circular, elliptical aperture, and book lungs combs absent. Palp (femur, patella, tibia, cymbium, total): 1.85, 1.2, 1.15, 1.25, 5.45. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total):I: 2.7, 2, 1.85, 1.6, 0.85, 9; II: 2.7, 1.85, 1.95, 1.75, 1.2, 9.45; III: 2.25, 1.55, 1.7, 2.1, 1.3, 8.9; IV: 3.25, 1.6, 2.5, 1.4, 3.25, 12. Spination: palp: tibia v0-1-1-1ap. Leg I: femur p0-0-1, patella v0-0-1ap, tibia v2-0-1-0-3ap, metatarsus v0-1; II: femur p0-0-1, patella v0-1ap, tibia v1-0-1-0-1ap, metatarsus v1-0; III: femur p0-1, patella v0-1ap, tibia v0-1-1p-0-2-1-3ap, metatarsus v0-1-1-0-1-0,d0-1-0-2-4ap; IV: femur d0-0-1, tibia v0-1-2-1p-0-1-1-0-1r-0-4, metatarsus v1p-0-1r-0-1-0-1r-0-1-0, d0-1-0-0-1-4ap. PC absent. Clavate trichobothria non-plumose type with small barbs in two rows on distal half on all tarsus. Claws: IRC absent. STC on tarsus I-II without teeth, III with 3 teeth, IV with 2 teeth; palpal claw bare. Scopula: Absent in all tibias; Tarsi I-IV fully scopulate, metatarsi I-II 3/4, III 2/3, IV ¼ ap; tarsi I-II not divided, III-IV divided by a band of setae. Tibial apophysis absent (Fig. 11D ).

Palp: Palpal bulb pyriform with a straight embolus and a “spoon-shaped” tip (Fig. 10H-L ). Cymbium elongated with deep incision, prolateral and retrolateral lobe strongly projected (Figs 10C-E , 11E, F ).

Spinnerets: PMS: 0.04. PLS: basal 0.52, median 0.2, apical 0.05. Apical segment domed (Fig. 11A, B ).

Color pattern (preserved in alcohol): Carapace, chelicerae and legs brown, femora dark brown. Ventrally yellowish brown. Abdomen dorsal with 8 spots in the middle alternate with lateral stripes. Spinnerets pale (Fig. 10A, B ).

Female (Paratype IBSP 165145): Total length: 12.35. Carapace 5.1 long, 4.65 wide, thoracic striate distinct. Caput raised. Fovea: 0.57 wide, straight. Clypeus absent. Eyes tubercle trapezoidal and slightly flat (Fig. 12C ). Eight eyes on tubercle 0.68 long, 0.8 wide. Anterior eye row strongly procurved, posterior row straight. Eyes’ diameters and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.15, PME 0.1, PLE 0.2; ALE-ALE 0.25, ALE-AME 0.1, AME-PME 0.07, PME-PME 0.22, PLE-PME 0.05, AME-AME 0.11, ALE-PLE 0.25. Labium: ellipsoid, 0.47 long, 0.85 wide, having two or three cupules rounded on distal on third (Figs 12B , 13C, D ). Chelicerae: 8 prolateral teeth and 13 tiny teeth on inner edge. Rastellum composed of long setae, ca. 22 conical spines on promargin. Labiosternal groove shallow, flat, with pair of sigilla. Maxillae: 1.7 long, 0.57 wide, with ca. 12 cuspules in the inner corner. Heel reduced. Anterior lobe short, not projected (Fig. 12B ). Sternum 2.48 long, 2.88 wide. Abdomen: Book lungs semi-circular, elliptical aperture, and book lungs combs absent (Fig. 14B ). Palp (femur, patella, tibia, cymbium, total): 1.85, 1.35, 1.25, 1.3, 5.75. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 2.8, 2.05, 1.9, 1.7, 1, 9.45; II: 2.75, 1.85, 1.85, 1.5, 1.3, 9.25; III: 2.4, 1.7, 1.8, 2.2, 1.2, 9.3; IV: 3.25, 1.65, 2.6, 3.25, 1.5, 12.25. Spination: palp: tibia v0-1ap. Leg I: tibia v0-1ap; femur p0-0-1, tibia v1-0-1ap; III: femur d0-1, patella v0-1-1ap, tibia v0-2-0-1p0-1, d1p-0-1-0-4ap, metatarsus v0-2-0-1r-1-0-1p-0-0-4ap; IV: femur d0-0-1, tibia v0-1-1-0-0-1p-1-1-0-3ap, metatarsus v0-1-2-0-1-1p-0-1r-0-4ap. PC absent. Tarsal organ located in the distal part of the tarsus, oval, slightly elevated on the distal part (Fig. 13B ). Clavate trichobothria non-plumose type with small barbs in two rows on distal half on all tarsi (Figs 12E , 13E, F ). Claws: IRC absent. STC bare. Scopula: Absent in all tibias; cymbium 1/3 scopulate. Tarsi I-IV fully scopulate, metatarsi I-II 3/4, III 2/3, IV 1/4 ap; tarsi I-II not divided, III-IV divided by a band of setae. Spinnerets: PMS: 0.02 PLS: basal 0.62, median 0.37, apical 0.25. Apical segment domed.

Spermathecae: wide base; short ducts with two globose lobes on apex of receptacles (Fig. 12D ).

Color pattern (preserved in alcohol): Same as male (Fig. 12A ).

Distribution.

Brazil: states of Alagoas, Bahia and Pernambuco (Fig. 15 ).

Figures

Figure 10. Cyrtogrammomma frevo sp. nov., ♂, holotype (IBSP 15220). A, B. Habitus: A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. Left pedipalp, prolateral view; D. Left cymbium, dorsal view; E. Left pedipalp, retrolateral view; F. Labium and endites, ventral view; G. Eyes group, dorsal view; H-J Male palpal bulb: H. Ventral view; I. Prolateral view; J. Retrolateral; K, L. Micrographies of the apex of the palpal embolus: K. retrolateral view; L. prolateral view. Abbreviations: PL = Prolateral lobe; RL = Retrolateral lobe. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-G); 500 nm (K, L).

Figure 11. Cyrtogrammomma frevo sp. nov., ♂ (IBSP 15221), SEM micrographies. A. Spinnerets, black arrows pointing to the posterior median spinnerets, ventral view; B. Posterior Median Spinnerets in detail, black arrows pointing to the fusula, ventral view C. Eyes group; D. Tibia and metatarsus of the leg I, prolateral view; E, F. Cymbium; E. Dorsal view; F. Ventral view. Scale bars: 500 nm (A); 100 nm (B); 200 nm (C); 500 nm (D-F).

Figure 12. Cyrtogrammomma frevo sp. nov., ♀, paratype (IBSP 165145). A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Sternum, labium and endites, ventral view; C. Eyes group, dorsal view; D. Spermathecae, dorsal view; E. Tarsus I, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C, E); 0.2 mm (D).

Figure 13. Cyrtogrammomma frevo sp. nov., ♀, (IBSP 131715), SEM micrographies. A. Tarsus of the leg I, dorsal view; B. Tarsal organ, dorsal view; C. Labium, ventral view; D. Sternum, ventral view; E, F. Clavate trichobothrium. Scale bars: 400 nm (A); 20 nm (B); 400 nm (C); 1 mm (D); 40 nm (E); 50 nm (F).

Figure 14. Cyrtogrammomma frevo sp. nov., ♀, (IBSP 131715), SEM micrographies. A. Tarsus of the leg I, prolateral view. B. Book lungs, ventral view; C. Chelicerae, ventral view. Scale bars: 400 nm (A); 300 nm (B); 500 nm (C).

Figure 15. Distribution map of species of the genus Cyrtogrammomma Pocock, 1895.