Ichnotropis Peters, 1854

Marques, Mariana P., Ceríaco, Luis M. P., Blackburn, David C. & Bauer, Aaron M., 2018, Diversity and Distribution of the Amphibians and Terrestrial Reptiles of Angola Atlas of Historical and Bibliographic Records (1840 - 2017), Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 65, pp. 1-501 : 214-218

Genus Ichnotropis Peters, 1854

Ichnotropis bivittata bivittata Bocage, 1866 ANGOLAN ROUGH-SCALED LIZARD

Ichnotropis Dumerilii [ Ichnotropis bivittatus ] Bocage 1866a:43: Syntypes: ZMB 5827 fide Bauer et al. (1995b:41), MBL specimen numbers unknown, destroyed by fire 18 March 1978 (collector F.A.P. Bayão); Type locality: “Duque de Bragança” ( Bocage 1866a:43) [= Calandula], Malanje Province, Angola.

Ichnotropis capensis : Boulenger (1887:78, 1897:277, 1905:110), Bocage (1895a:30), Ferreira (1897b:243,

1903:15). Ichnotropis bivittata : Boulenger (1921:182), Schmidt (1933:11), Loveridge (1933:308), Parker (1936:135),

Monard (1937b:74), Marx (1956:7), Bauer et al. (1995b:41), Spawls et al. (2004:173), Broadley and Cotterill (2004:44), Edward et al. (2013a:110), Ineich and Le Garff (2015:475), Ceríaco et al. (2016b:61). Ichnotropis capensis bivittata : Hellmich (1957b:59), Loveridge (1957:234), Manaças (1963:237). Ichnotropis longipes : Frade (1963:253), Monard (1937b:75). Ichnotropis bivittata bivittata : Laurent (1964a:63).

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not Evaluated.

Global distribution: The species is known from Angola east through southern Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of Congo, northern Zambia and northern Malawi to southern Tanzania.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 168): The species is very widespread in the country exclusive of the southwest coastal regions:

Cabinda: “Chyiaca” [-4.86667, 12.56667]

(Boulenger 1921:185). Lunda Sul: “Alto

Cuílo” [-10.01667, 19.55000] ( Laurent

1964a:63); “Dala” [-11.03333, 20.20000]

( Monard 1937b:75). Malanje: “Bange N’gola”

[-8.43333, 16.56667] ( Boulenger 1905:110,

1921:185); “ Duque de Bragança ” [-9.10000,

15.95000] ( Bocage 1866a:43, 1895a:30; Boulenger 1887:78, 1905:110, 1921:185; Ferreira:1903:15; Loveridge 1933:308, 1957:234;

Bauer et al. 1995b:41); “Cangandala National

Park” [-9.84606, 16.72233] (Ceríaco et al.

2016b:61). Moxico: “ Lago Cameia”

[-11.71667, 20.80000] ( Manaças 1963:237);

“Fazenda Santa Cruz, Luso” [-11.78333, MAP 168. Distribution of Ichnotropis bivittata bivittata in Angola.

19.91667] ( Manaças 1963:237); “Calombe,

Luso” [-11.83333, 19.93333] ( Manaças 1963:237). Bié: “Gauca” [-11.18333, 17.45000] ( Schmidt 1933:11; Marx 1956:7); “Chitau” [-11.43333, 17.15000] ( Schmidt 1933:11; Marx 1956:7). Huambo: “Bimbi” [-11.81667, 15.83333] ( Monard 1937b:74); “Galanga” [-12.06667, 15.15000] ( Bocage 1895a:30); “ Mt. Moco ” [-12.41667, 15.18333] ( Parker 1936:135; Marx 1956:7); “Bela-Vista” [-12.36667, 16.20000] ( Hellmich 1957b:59); “Santo-Amaro” [-12.70000, 15.85000] ( Monard 1937b:74). Benguela: “Cahata” [-12.35000, 14.81667] ( Bocage 1895a:30); “Quindumbo” [-12.46667, 14.93333] ( Bocage 1895a:30); “Ebanga” [-12.73333, 14.73333] ( Monard 1937b:74).

Huíla: “ Rio Cuce” [-13.51667, 15.20000] ( Ferreira 1897b:243); “Caconda” [-13.73333, 15.06667] ( Bocage 1895a:30; Boulenger 1921:185); “Kalukembé” [-13.78333, 14.68333] ( Monard 1937b:74); “Sangevé” [-13.88333, 15.83333] ( Monard 1937b:74); “Kuvangu” [-14.46667, 16.30000] ( Monard 1937b:74); “Lobango” [-14.91667, 13.50000 ( Bocage 1895a:30); “Kasinga” [-15.13333, 16.08333] ( Monard 1937b:74); “Kuluї” [-15.41667, 15.73333] ( Monard 1937b:74).

Cunene: “Riv. Mbalé ” [-15.16667, 16.75000] ( Monard 1937b:75); “Chimporo” [-16.03333, 17.15000] ( Monard 1937b:75); “Mupanda” [-17.13333, 15.76667] ( Monard 1937b:75). Undetermined locality: “Benguela-Bihé” (Boulenger 1921:185).

Taxonomic and distributional notes: Bocage (1866a) coined the name I. bivittatus , but based on information from Albert Günther at the British Museum, he was initially convinced that his material was conspecific with I. dumerilii (Smith, 1849) [= I. capensis ( Smith, 1838) ] and under that account heading he listed: “ Tropidosaura Dumerilii. Smith. Ichnotropis bivittatus . Nob. Mss.” Peters (1882) argued for the validity of Bocage’s species and suggested that the specimen of I. dumerilii that Günther had compared it to might not have been Smith’s type specimen. Because of this confusion I. bivittata was for some time mentioned in the literature as I. capensis (e.g., Bocage 1895a; Boulenger 1887, 1897, 1905; Ferreira 1897 b, 1903). No modern revision of Ichnotropis has yet been carried out (Edwards et al. 2013a) and the status of a number of taxa remains equivocal.

Ichnotropis bivittata pallida Laurent, 1964 PALE ROUGH-SCALED LIZARD (Endemic)

Ichnotropis bivittata pallida Laurent 1964a:64 , fig. 19. Holotype: MD 1854 (collector A. Barros Machado). Type locality: “ Boca da Humpata , Huíla” [Huíla Province], Angola.

Ichnotropis bivittata pallida : Laurent (1964a:64),

Edward et al. (2013a:110).

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not Evaluated.

Global distribution: The species is known from Angola.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 169): The species I. b. pallida has only been recorded from its type locality on the southwestern plateau . Huíla: “ Boca da Humpata ” [-14.93333, 13.51667] ( Laurent 1964a:64) .

Taxonomic and distributional notes: Laurent (1964a) suggested that some specimens refered to Ichnotropis bivittata by Monard (1937b) from the Cunene Basin might belong to I. b. pallida. The status of I. bivittata pallida remains equivocal, although Ineich and Le Garff (2015) recognized it as a valid sub- MAP 169. Distribution of Ichnotropis bivittata pallida in

Angola. species.

Ichnotropis capensis capensis ( Smith, 1838) THE CAPE ROUGH-SCALED LIZARD

A [lgyra] capensis Smith 1838:94 . Syntypes: lost fide FitzSimons (1943). Type locality: “sandy deserts around Latakoo” [= Lithako, approx. 27°S, 24°E, i.e. btwn. Kuruman and Taungs, N. Cape Province,] South Africa.

Ichnotropis capensis : Boulenger (1897:277), Laurent (1964a:63), Branch (1998:162), Broadley and Cotterill (2004:22), Broadley (2004:326), Bates et al. (2014:161).

Ichnotropis capensis capensis : Branch and McCarteney (1992:1).

Ichnotropis spp. : Conradie et al. (2016:24) .

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not Evaluated.

Global distribution: The typical form of the species is known from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola, south into Namibia and eastwards to Mozambique and South Africa.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 170): Ichnotropis capensis capensis has been recorded from Cuando Cubango Province. Cuando Cubango: “approximately 50 km E of Cuito Cuanavale” [-15.23333, 19.61667] (Branch and McCarteney 1992:1); “Cuito basin (25)” [-15.139194,

19.14350] ( Conradie et al. 2016:8, 9, 24);

“Cuito basin (30b)” [-17.51194, 20.04305]

( Conradie et al. 2016:8-9, 24); “Cuito basin

(59)” [-16.28392, 18.84744] ( Conradie et al.

2016:9, 12, 24); “Cuito basin (55)” [-14.68478,

18.67369] ( Conradie et al. 2016:9, 12, 24).

Taxonomic and distributional notes:

Many early records from Angola attributed to

I. capensis in fact refer to I. bivittata Bocage ,

1866 (see above). Boulenger (1897) reported the first northern record for the species from

“Kuango,” presumably in Malanje Province,

which in the light of current knowledge does not correspond to the distribution of the

I. capensis ( Branch 1998; Broadley and Cotterill 2004; Broadley 2004; Bates et al. 2014).

Although this and most Angolan records were recognized by Monard (1937b) and Laurent MAP 170. Distribution of Ichnotropis capensis capensis in Angola.

(1964a) as referrable to I. bivittata , confusion regarding the application of the name I. capensis in Angola remains today. The record of Branch and McCartney (1993) from Cuando Cubango Province is regarded as the first record of the nominotypical form in Angola ( Branch 1998; Broadley 2004; Bates et al. 2014), but extensive fieldwork by Conradie in southeastern Angola has yielded additional records ( Conradie et al. 2016).

Ichnotropis capensis overlaeti de Witte and Laurent, 1942 LUNDA ROUGH-SCALED LIZARD (Endemic) Ichnotropis overlaeti de Witte and Laurent 1942 a:173. Holotype: MRAC 9691 (collector F.G. Overlaet). Type locality: “Kapanga (Lulua)” [= Lulua District, Kasai-Occidental Province,] Democratic Republic of Congo.

Ichnotropis capensis overlaeti : Laurent (1950a:12,

1964a: 61).

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not

Evaluated.

Global distribution: Only reported from

Angola, although expected to occur in the

Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of

Congo.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 171): Ichnotropis c. overlaeti has recorded from northeastern regions of Angola. Lunda Norte:

“Dundo” [-7.36667, 20.83333] ( Laurent

1950a:12, 1964a:61); “Muita (Luembe E)”

[-7.80000, 21.45000] ( Laurent 1950a:12);

“Caluango, R. Caquele, affluent Luangue”

[-8.33333, 19.88333] ( Laurent 1964a:61).

Lunda Sul: “Alto Cuílo” [-10.01667, MAP 171. Distribution of Ichnotropis capensis overlaeti 19.55000] ( Laurent 1964a:61). in Angola.

Taxonomic and distributional notes: The status of Ichnotropis overlaeti has not been critically assessed. Its substantially disjunct distribution relative to the nominotypical form suggests that it is likely valid at either a subspecific or specific level.

Ichnotropis microlepidota Marx, 1956 MARX’S ROUGH-SCALED LIZARD (Endemic)

Ichnotropis microlepidota Marx 1956:5 , fig. 1. Holotype: FMNH 74285 (collector G. Heinrich). Type locality: “ Mt. Moco ” [= Serra do Môco ], Huambo Province, Angola.

Ichnotropis bivittata : Parker (1936:135).

Ichnotropis microlepidota : Marx (1959:461), Edwards et al. (2013a:110), Ineich and Le Graff (2015:477).

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not Evaluated.

Global distribution: The species is known from Angola.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 172): The species is known only for the type locality “ Mt. Moco ” in Huambo Province. Huambo: “ Mt. Moco ” [-12.41667, 15.18333] ( Parker 1936:135; Marx 1956:5, 1959:461).

Taxonomic and distributional notes: Parker (1936) identified a specimen from “ Mt. Moco ” as Ichnotropis bivittata (Bocage, 1966) , however he noted that the specimen had some different characters, which might represent racial differentiation. Marx (1956) included this specimen, along with a series of lizards also from “ Mt. Moco ” as Ichnotropis microlepidota . According to Edwards et al. (2013a) and Ineich and Le Graff (2015) the status of this taxon remains equivocal, until further review of the genus with new material for molecular phylogenetic analyses. MAP 172. Distribution of Ichnotropis microlepidota in

Angola.