Sphecodes orientalis

Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2014, The bees of the genus Sphecodes Latreille 1804 of the Russian Far East, with key to species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), Zootaxa 3887 (5), pp. 501-528 : 523-524

Key to the Sphecodes species of the Russian Far East

Females

1. Hind wing with 7–14 hamuli. Hind wing with basal (M) vein weakly curved (Fig. 86). Usually large species: body length 6.0–15.0 mm......................................................................................... 2 - Hind wing with 5–6 hamuli. Hind wing with basal (M) vein strongly curved (Fig. 87). Large or small species: body length 4.5–11.0 mm 6 2. Vertex weakly elevated, with longitudinal sharp carina (Fig. 65).—Head strongly transverse, 1.2 times wider than long. Scutum and scutellum sparsly punctate, medially with punctures mostly 1–3 diameters apart (Fig. 76). Pygidium slightly narrower than hind basirarsus. Body length 6.0–8.0 mm.......................................... S. cristatus Hagens - Vertex strongly elevated, acarinate, but sometimes with weakly (indistinct) longitudinal ridge........................ 3 3. Genal area flat. Preoccipital ridge developed. Vertex shorter, distance from top of head to upper margin of lateral ocellus about 2 lateral ocellar diameters (Fig. 66).—Head strongly transverse, 1.3 times wider than long. Scutum medially with punctures up 1.5–2 diameters apart (Fig. 82). Pygidium slightly narrower than hind basitarsus. Body length 9.0–12.0 mm............................................................................................... S. scabricollis Wesmael - Genal area swollen. Preoccipital ridge not developed. Vertex longer, distance from top of head to upper margin of lateral ocellus equal to 2.5–3 lateral ocellar diameters (Fig. 64).......................................................... 4 4. Scutum densely punctate, with punctures less a puncture diameter apart (Fig. 74). T4–T5 red.—Head strongly transverse, 1.3 times wider than long. Pygidium slightly narrower than hind basitarsus. Body length 9.0–15.0 mm S. albilabris (Fabricius) - Scutum sparsely punctate, with punctures up 3 and more diameters apart. T4–T5 black, sometimes T4 laterally red....... 5 5. Vertex with strongly developed posterolateral angles, rounded rectangular in front view to head (Fig. 59); sparsely punctate, with punctures mostly more than puncture diameter apart. T1 indistinctly punctate, with a few very fine punctures (Fig. 88).

Pygidium equal or slightly narrower than hind basitarsus. Body length 7.0–10.0 mm.............. S. monilicornis (Kirby) - Vertex with weakly developed posterolateral angles, uniformly rounded along posterior margin in front view to head (Fig. 60);

densely punctate, with punctures mostly less than a puncture diameter apart. T1 distinctly punctate, with numerous coarse and

fine punctures (Fig. 89). Pygidium 1.7 times narrower than hind basitarsus. Body length 7.0–11.0 mm S. nippon Meyer 6. Pygidium wider than hind basitarsus, usual matt (Figs 67, 69). Scutum densely punctate, with punctures usual less 2 diameters

apart. Bigger species: body length 7.0–11.0 mm 7 - Pygidium equal or narrower than hind basitarsus, shiny (Fig. 68). Scutum usually sparsely punctate, disc medially with punc-

tures more 2 diameters apart. Smaller species: body length 4.0–9.0 mm........................................ 10 7. Pygidium 1.6–1.7 times wider than hind basitarsus. Genal area 1.2 times narrower than eye in lateral view. Scutum densely

punctate, with punctures mostly about a puncture diameter apart or less (Fig. 78). Body length 7.5–10.0 mm..............

.................................................................................. S. laticaudatus Tsuneki - Pygidium 1.2–1.5 times wider than hind basitarsus. Genal area more than 1.4 times narrower than eye (in lateral view). Scutum

sparsely punctate, medially with punctures usually 1–2 diameters apart (Fig. 81).................................. 8 8. Vertex without longitudinal carina.—Head strongly transverse, 1.25–1.35 times wider than long. T2 on basal half usual (but

not always) distinctly punctate. Basal part of propodeum (propodeal triangle) usual with longitudinal-curved wrinkles, rarely

reticulate-rugose. Pygidium 1.3–1.5 times wider than hind basitarsus. Body length 7.0–11.0 mm....... S. pellucidus Smith - Vertex with longitudinal carina......................................................................... 9 9. Head weakly transverse, 1.16–1.24 times wider than long (Fig. 61). T2 on basal half usually distinctly punctate, with fine and

relatively dense punctures. Basal part of propodeum (propodeal triangle) reticulate-rugose (Fig. 71). Pygidium 1.2–1.4 times

wider than hind basitarsus. Body length 7.0–9.0 mm S. orientalis Astafurova et Proshchalykin , sp. nov. - Head strongely transverse, 1.25–1.32 times wider than long (Fig. 63). T2 usually (but not always) indistinctly punctate, with a

few or sparse very fine punctures. Basal part of propodeum (propodeal triangle) usually with longitudinal-winding wrinkles

(Fig. 72), rare reticulate rugose. Pygidium 1.3–1.5 times wider than hind basitarsus. Body length 7.0–9.0 mm

..................................................................................... S. simillimus Smith 10. Mandible unidentate (without an inner tooth)............................................................. 11 - Mandible bidentate.................................................................................. 12 11. Head weakly transverse, 1.07–1.18 times wider than long (Fig. 57). F3 transverse.—Clypeus (at least in lower half) with punc-

tures about a puncture diameter apart. Scutum with punctures 1–3 diameters apart, sometimes denser or sparser. T2–T3 usual

indistinctly punctate. Body length 4.0–6.0 mm............................................... S. longulus Hagens - Head strongly transverse, 1.2–1.3 times wider than long (Fig. 62). F3 square.—Clypeus with puncture about or less a puncture

diameter apart. Scutum with punctures 1–3 diameters apart, sometimes denser or sparser. T2–T3 on basal half usual distinctly

punctate (in Westpalaearctic specimens). Body length 5.0–7.0 mm............................ S. puncticeps Thomson 12. Clypeus densely punctate, with punctures less puncture diameter apart......................................... 13 - Clypeus sparsely punctate, with punctures about puncture or more diameter apart (Figs 56, 58)...................... 15 13. Pygidium equal hind basitarsus. Clypeus between punctures smooth. Pronotum between dorsal and lateral surfaces with sharp

angle. Basal part of propodeum (propodeal triangle) distinctly reticulate rugose (Fig. 70).—Head transverse, about 1.25 wider

than long. Scutum with punctures mostly 2–3 diameters apart (Fig. 80). Body length 5.0–8.0 mm....... S. okuyetsu Tsuneki - Pygidium 0.65–0.7 hind basitarsus. Clypeus between punctures smooth or shagreened. Pronotum between dorsal and lateral

surfaces rounded, not angulated. Basal part of propodeum (propodeal triangle) longitudinally-winding (Fig. 73) or reticulate

rugose............................................................................................ 14 14. Ventral part of thorax densely and finly smoothed sculptured, matt (Fig. 83).—Head transverse, about 1.2 wider than long.

Scutum with punctures 1–3 or sometimes more diameters apart. Body length 5.0–7.5 mm............ S. hyalinatus Hagens – Ventral part of thorax sparsely and coarsely rugose, shiny (Fig. 84).—Head transverse, about 1.25 wider than long. Scutum

with punctures 1–4 diameters apart (Fig. 77). Body length 6.0–9.0 mm

.................... S. ferruginatus Hagens and S. tanoi Tsuneki (famales of this species are very difficult to distinguish). 15. F3 transverse, as long as F1 (Fig. 85). Pygidium as wide as hind basitarsus.—Head transverse, 1.15 wider than long. Labrum

semicircular, 0.5 times as long as width. Scutum sparsely punctate, with punctutres 1–4 diameters apart. Body length 4.0–6.0

mm S. miniatus Hagens - F3 square, longer than F1 (Figs 55, 56). Pygidium narrower than hind basitarsus................................. 16 16. Head strongly transverse, 1.25 wider than long (Fig. 55). Labrum trapezoidal, 0.7 times as long as width. Hind femur strongly

enlarged on proximal half, with maximal width 0.4 times as length (Fig. 53).—Scutum sparse punctate, with fine punctutres

2–6 (sometimes more) diameters apart (Fig. 75). Pygidium 1.4–1.5 times narrower than hind basitarsus. Body length 5.0–8.0

mm................................................................................ S. crassus Thomson - Head weakly transverse, 1.1 wider than long (Fig. 56). Labrum semicircular, 0.5 times as long as width. Hind femur weakly

enlarged on proximal half, with maximal width 0.35 times as length (Fig. 53).—Scutum sparse punctate, with punctutres 2–4

diameters apart (Fig. 79). Pygidium 1.2–1.4 times narrower than hind basitarsus. Body length 4.5–6.5 mm...............

................................................................................... S. geoffrellus (Kirby)

Males

1. Hind wing with 7–14 hamuli. T1 with distinct coarse or fine punctures (in S. monilicornis sometimes with indistinct punctures). Gonocoxite without impression. Usually large species: body length 7.0–12.0 mm............................ 2 - Hind wing with 5–6 hamuli. T1 with indistinct fine punctures or impunctate. Gonocoxite with impression or without one. Large or small species................................................................................ 6