Zygomyia flamma, Kurina & Õunap, 2023

Kurina, Olavi & Õunap, Erki, 2023, Morphological and molecular data reveal fifteen new sympatric Zygomyia Winnertz, 1864 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) species from Ecuador, Zootaxa 5227 (1), pp. 1-49 : 13

Zygomyia flamma sp. nov.

( Figs 1C , 6A–E , 19D )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6860516D-4024-4631-9562-521E3B6A4C9D

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, ECUADOR, Napo Province, Yanayacu Biological Station , 0.5956S 77.8942W, alt. 2234 m, 29.viii–3.ix.2019, X. Mengual, T. Salden leg., double Malaise trap (mounted from alcohol with terminalia in glycerine, INABIO; specimen code: MECN-EN-DIP-4861; one fore leg used for DNA extraction, GenBank accession number: OP747424 ) . PARATYPES: 2 ♂♂, same as holotype (1 ♂, mounted from alcohol, ZFMK; 1 ♂, mounted from alcohol, IZBE); 1 ♂, ECUADOR, Napo Province, Yanayacu Biological Station , 0.6164S 77.8831W, alt. 2122 m, 1–3.ix.2019, X. Mengual leg., Malaise trap (mounted from alcohol, INABIO) .

Diagnosis. In having the posteroventral margin of the gonocoxites widely concave and the ventral branch of the gonostylus bi-lobed with lateral non-setose digitate lobe, Z. flamma resembles Z. geniculata . It differs by the medial part of the ventral branch of the gonostylus bearing two flame-shaped megasetae (one digitate megaseta in Z. geniculata ), the dorsal branch of the gonostylus with large flame-shaped megaseta at posterolateral margin (without flame-shaped megaseta in Z. geniculata ), and the dorsal branch of the gonostylus anteriorly short and truncate (anteriorly long, bent medially at right angle in Z. geniculata ).

Description. Male (n = 3). Body length 2.4–2.5 mm. Wing length 2.3–2.4 mm; ratio of length to width 2.68–2.89.

Head. Dark yellow with numerous dark setae. Two ocelli close to eye margins. Clypeus yellow, somewhat lighter than head. Mouth-parts yellow. Palpus with all segments light brown, ratios of three apical segments 1:1.25:1.88. Scape, pedicel and basal half of first flagellomere yellow, other flagellomeres light brown. Flagellomeres cylindrical, first flagellomere 2.4 × as long as broad, fourth flagellomere 1.9 × as long as broad, apical flagellomere conical, 2.88 × as long as broad basally. Flagellomeres with short yellowish setae.

Thorax. Mesonotum yellow. Pleural parts pale yellow, except anepisternum somewhat darker on dorsal part. All bristles and setae on thorax brown. Scutellum with marginal setae, including four strong bristles. Antepronotum with setae, including 4–6 bristles of different lengths. Proepisternum with setae including 2–4 stronger bristles. Anepisternum with a number of posteriorly-directed short setae and 5–6 bristles of different lengths on dorsal part. Anepimeron with short setae and 2 bristles on dorsal part. Laterotergite with 5–8 dorsally-directed weak setae on dorsal half. Metepimeron with 3–5 setae on posterior part. Halter yellow. All legs entirely yellow. Tarsi appear darker, due to dense brown setation. Whole anterior side of fore coxa, apical fourth of anterior side of mid coxa and all femora clothed in dark setae. Hind coxa with 2–3 setae on posterior side apically. Mid femur with 1 and hind femur with 2–3 apicoventral bristles. Mid tibia with 2 a, 5 d (progressively longer towards apex), 5 p (progressively longer towards apex) and 1 v (one additional short seta can present). Hind tibia with 5 a and 6 d. Length ratio of femur to tibia for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.24–1.30, 1.07–1.14, 0.89–0.94. Length ratio of tibia to basitarsus for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.06–1.13, 1.38–1.42, 1.44–1.48. Wing membrane with light brownish tinge but without distinct markings. Veins light brown. R 1 and R 4+5 with strong setae on both sides. Crossvein rm and bM-Cu glabrous. Dorsal surfaces of M 1 with setae along whole length, and M 2 with setae along distal ¾. CuA with 2–4 apical setae on dorsal surface. rm about as long as m-stem. Costa not extending beyond R 4+5.

Abdomen. Entirely light brown. Terminalia ( Figs 6A–E , 19D ) yellow. Posteroventral margin of gonocoxites straight, medially slightly convex. Ventral branch of the gonostylus bilobed, with (1) ventral thumb-like setose lobe, (2) dorsal lobe non-setose, tapering, extending over medial lobe posteriorly, and (3) medial part with two flame-shaped megasetae arising from basal bodies which are half as long as megasetae. Dorsal branch of the gonostylus complex: (1) posterior margin bears large pointed megaseta most laterally and large flame-shaped megaseta sub-laterally, (2) anterior part drawn out to large lobe with setae at medial margin, and (3) elongated posterior lobe having an apical pointed megaseta, sub-apical mushroom -shaped dilation and two apically blunt short megasetae arising from a common short basal body on ventral surface medially. Aedeagus apically convex. Parameres curved, sub-apically constricted, with pointed apices. Gonocoxal apodemes broad, crescent shaped.

Female. Unknown.

Etymology. The specific epithet is Latin, flamma [flame], referring to the flame-shaped megasetae on the gonostylus; noun in apposition.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitus of Zygomyia species from Ecuador (all photos are taken from holotypes). A, Z. diversiseta sp. nov.; B, Z. longistyla sp. nov.; C, Z. flamma sp. nov.; D, Z. acrotricha sp. nov.; E, Z. paniculata sp. nov.; F, Z. geniculata sp. nov.; G, Z. pectinella sp. nov.; H, Z. comata sp. nov. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 6. Zygomyia flamma sp. nov., male terminalia (holotype, MECN-EN-DIP-4861). A, B, ventral view; C, dorsal view; D, posterior view; E, gonostylus, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.05 mm (A–D) and 0.02 mm (E). Abbreviations: gst dbal = anterior lobe of dorsal branch of gonostylus, gst dbpl = posterior lobe of dorsal branch of gonostylus, gst dbf = flame-shaped megaseta on dorsal branch of gonostylus, gst vbdl = dorsal lobe of ventral branch of gonostylus, gst vbmf = flame-shaped megasetae on ventral branch of gonostylus, gst vbvl = ventral lobe of ventral branch of gonostylus.

FIGURE 19. Aedeagal apparatus of Zygomyia species from Ecuador (all photos are taken from holotypes). A, Z. acrotricha sp. nov.; B, Z. pectinella sp. nov.; C, Z. ximoi sp. nov.; D, Z. flamma sp. nov.; E, Z. trilobata sp. nov.; F, Z. napoensis sp. nov. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, gc ap = gonocoxal apodeme, par = paramere.