Panopeus harttii, SI Smith, 1869

Oliveira-Rogeri, Lucas, França, Nielson Felix Caetano, Peres, Pedro Augusto & Mantelatto, Fernando L., 2023, Cleaning the mud: Integrative approach clarifies the taxonomy of mud crabs of the genus Panopeus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Panopeidae) along the Southwestern Atlantic, Zoologischer Anzeiger 307, pp. 96-124 : 103-104

3.3. Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869

( Fig. 1C , 6 A-L)

Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869a: 280; Smith, 1869b: 5, pl. 1, Fig. 5 ; A. Milne-Edwards, 1881: 314; Benedict and Rathbun, 1891: 372, pl. 20,

Fig. 1 , pl. 24, Fig. 5 ; Rathbun, 1930: 355, pl. 164, Figs. 1 , 2 and 5 ; Rathbun, 1933: 61; Coelho and Ramos, 1972: 191; Abele and Kim, 1986: 50; Coelho et al., 1986: 93; Manning and Chace, 1990: 57; Melo, 1996, 372; Coelho et al., 2008: 34; Melo, 2008: 11; Ng et al., 2008: 190; Felder et al., 2009: 1082; Alves et al., 2012: 945; Thoma et al., 2014: 96; Mendonça et al., 2019; Mantelatto et al., 2020: 74, Fig. 20G.

Eupanopeus harttii Rathbun, 1898: 273 ; Rathbun, 1900: 140; Rathbun, 1901: 29.

Hexapanopeus hirsutus Boone, 1927: 27 , Fig. 7.

3.3.1. Type material

Syntype. Brazil: Bahia: 1 female, MCZ: IZ:CRU-4806 (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University), Abrolhos Archipelago , 1867 (not accessed) .

3.3.2. Material examined

Brazil: Cear´a: 1 male (CW 16.1 mm), CCDB 2347 , Fortaleza, 03 ◦ 43’25,4’’S, 38 ◦ 29’26,7’’W, 22.v.2008 ; 3 male (CW 9.4 mm, 9.8 mm and 11.1 mm) and 6 female (CW 5.9 mm, 9.1 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.5 mm, 9.7 mm, 11.1 mm), CCDB 7306 , Fortaleza, 14.xi.2015 ; 1 female (CW 5.1 mm) LABOMAR 327, Fortaleza. – Pernambuco : 1 male (CW 16.9 mm), CCDB 7344 , Cabo de Santo Agostinho , 16.viii.2019 ; 1 male (CW 5.8 mm) and 2 female (CW 8.1 mm and 10.1 mm), CCDB 6961 , Ipojuca, 08 ◦ 30’32.4’’S, 34 ◦ 59’51.9’’W, 16.ii.2022 . – Alagoas: 1 male (CW 9.7 mm), CCDB 7514 , Maragogi, 09 ◦ 06’52.88’’S, 35 ◦ 15’52.30’’W, 10. i.2015 ; 1 male (CW 7.2 mm), CCDB 6746 , S˜ao Miguel dos Milagres, 09 ◦ 11’31"S, 35 ◦ 18’21"W ; 1 male (CW 9.4 mm), CCDB 7340 , Marechal Deodoro, 09.x.2022 ; 1 female (CW 10.1 mm), CCDB 7338 , Marechal Deodoro, 09.x.2022 . – Bahia: 1 male (CW 9.4 mm) and 2 female (CW 9.8 mm, 10.6 mm), CCDB 7339 , Mata de S˜ao Jo˜ao , 24.x.2022 ; 1 female (CW 8.7 mm), CCDB 6741 , Salvador, 12 ◦ 55’42.62"S, 38 ◦ 31’05.81"W, 03. viii.2011 ; 1 male (CW 10.1 mm) and 1 female (CW 6.7 mm), CCDB 7515 , Porto Seguro, 16 ◦ 27’23.25’’S, 39 ◦ 03’32.84’’W, 08.i.2012 . – S˜ao Paulo: 1 male (CW 12.43 mm) and 2 female (CW 9.62 mm and 11.74 mm), CCDB 5040 , Ubatuba, 23 ◦ 25’5.80" S, 44 ◦ 51’2.26"W, 19.x.2012 ; 1 male (CW 10.6 mm), CCDB 1364 , Ubatuba, 23 ◦ 33’S, 45 ◦ 05’W, 01.xii.2000 ; 1 male (CW 17.5 mm), CCDB 6207 , Ubatuba, 23 ◦ 25’5.80" S, 44 ◦ 51’2.26"W, 19.xii.2012 ; 1 male (CW 14.3 mm), CCDB 5918 , Ilhabela ; 2 female (CW 10.2 mm and 11.3 mm), CCDB 6281 , Santos, 24 ◦ 15’S, 46 ◦ 10’W, 04.vi.2015 .

3.3.3. Diagnosis

Front distinctly setose, quadrilobed with well-defined outer lobes and deep, V-shaped median sinus. Carapace sub-hexagonal and deeply areolated, more than any other Panopeus species; medial (1M, 2M, 3M, 4M) and antero-lateral (1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L) carapace regions raised, forming a distinct groove between gastric and branchial regions. Transverse granulate striations very prominent, especially on the anterior part. Teeth forming anterolateral margin of carapace well-separated from each other. Sinus between first and second triangular. All teeth similar to triangles to a greater or lesser extent; fifth tooth with raised transverse ridge along its median region. Carpus of chelipeds thickly granulated, rough and reticulated. Carpal groove parallel to distal margin of the segment deep and flanked by two tubercles more elevated than the others forming the outer surface of the carpus. Propodus with propodal groove on its superior face, emarginated by some parallel, short, granulate lines not reaching the centre of the outer surface of the segment. Dark colour of immovable finger not invading the palm. Pigmented spot on the inner surface of third maxilliped ischium. Merus of pereopods distinctly setose and with a line of spines on the superior surface. Width of pleonite 6 greater at the distal end than at the proximal end; length:width ratio of pleonite 6 less than 0.70; socket of pleonal locking mechanism reaching the half of pleonite 6. Gonopod apex containing the trilobed structure on its apex. Lateral tooth of first gonopod bifid. Vulva more than half the length of the sternite 6; vulva with oval shape.

3.3.4. Distribution

Western Atlantic – United States (Florida), Antilles, north of South America and Brazil (Maranh˜ao, Piauí, Cear´a, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, S˜ao Paulo); Central Atlantic – Ascension Island ( Mantelatto et al., 2020) .

Figures

Fig. 1. Genus Panopeus H. Milne Edwards, 1834. (A) Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857 (CCDB 2227; CW = 17.8 mm), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (B) Panopeus austrobesus Williams, 1983 (CCDB 2240; CW = 13.4 mm), Espírito Santo, Brazil. (C) Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869 (CCDB 2347; CW = 16.1 mm), Cear´a, Brazil. (D) Panopeus lacustris Desbonne in Desbonne & Schramm, 1867 (CCDB 3554; CW =15.3 mm), Bocas del Toro, Panama. (E) Panopeus meridionalis Williams, 1983 (CCDB 6678; CW = 28.5 mm), Maldonado, Uruguay. (F) Panopeus occidentalis Saussure, 1857 (CCDB 2337; CW = 17.8 mm), Cear´a, Brazil. (G) Panopeus rugosus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (CCDB 6411; CW = 49.3 mm), S˜ao Paulo, Brazil. Scale bars (mm): A = 8.9; B = 6.7; C = 8; D = 7.6; E = 14.2; F = 4.5; G = 24.6.

Fig. 6. Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869. A =male (CCDB 5918; CW =14.3 mm), S˜ao Paulo, Brazil; B, C, E-I; K, L =male (CCDB 2347; CW =16.1 mm), Cear´a, Brazil; D =female (CCDB 5040; CW =11.74 mm), S˜ao Paulo, Brazil; J = male (CCDB 5040; CW =12.4 mm), S˜ao Paulo, Brazil. (A) General dorsal view of a Panopeus harttii specimen. (B) Front, dorsal view. (C) Sixth pleonite, view of the inner surface. (D) Right vulva. (E) Carapace, dorsal view. (F) Third maxilliped, view of the inner surface. (G) Anterolateral margin of the carapace, dorsal view. (H) Cheliped, outer view. (I) Carapace, frontal view. (J) G1 apex, mesial lateral view (coloured image was generated on a stereomicroscope; grayscale image was produced on a CT-scan equipment). (K) Fourth pereopod, lateral view. (L) Thoracic sternum and pleon, carapace ventral view. White arrow indicates the pigmented spot on the third maxilliped. Blue arrow indicates the carpal groove. Red arrow indicates the line of spines on merus. Scale bars (mm): A = 7; B, C, F = 2; D, J = 0.25; E = 8; G, I, L = 4; H = 5.5; K = 2.5.

Fig. 5. Panopeus austrobesus Williams, 1983. A, F, I =holotype male (USNM 59462), Paran´a, Brazil; D, G, J =female (CCDB 2240; CW =13.4 mm), Espírito Santo, Brazil; B, C, E, K, M O = male (CCDB 2599; CW =23.6 mm), Bahia, Brazil; H = male (CCDB 5858; CW =26.9 mm), Pernambuco, Brazil; L =female (CCDB 2599; CW = 26.3 mm); Bahia, Brazil. (A) General dorsal view of Panopeus austrobesus holotype. (B, I) Carapace, frontal view. (C) Anterolateral margin of the carapace, dorsal view. (D) Carapace, dorsal view. (E, F) G1 apex, mesial lateral view (coloured images were generated on a stereomicroscope; grayscale image was produced on a CT-scan equipment). (G) Cheliped, outer view. (H) Third maxilliped, view of the inner surface. (J) Front, dorsal view. (K) Fourth pereopod, lateral view. (L) Right vulva. (M) Sternites 3 and 4, ventral view. (N) Sixth pleonite, view of the inner surface. (O) Sixth pleonite, view of the external surface. White arrows indicate the pigmented spot on the third maxilliped. Scale bars (mm): B = 8; C, M = 6; D = 5; E = 0.25; G, J, K = 3.5; H, N, O = 3; L = 1.

Fig. 2. Map showing the Southwestern Atlantic coast and the approximate localities of the evaluated specimens.

Fig. 7. Panopeus lacustris Desbonne in Desbonne & Schramm, 1867. A-H =female (CCDB 3554; CW =15.3 mm), Bocas del Toro, Panama. (A) Carapace, dorsal view. (B) Third maxilliped, view of the inner surface. (C) Front, dorsal view. (D) Anterolateral margin of the carapace, dorsal view. (E) Cheliped, outer view. (F) Right vulva. (G) Carapace, frontal view. (H) Fourth pereopod, lateral view. White arrow indicates the pigmented spot on the third maxilliped. Scale bars (mm): A =7.5; B, H = 2; C = 1.5; D = 4; E = 5.5, F = 0.25; G = 3.