Deutoleon lineatus lineatus ( Fabricius, 1798 )

Kim, Jiseung, Ahn, Neung-Ho & Kim, Sora, 2025, A taxonomic review of the family Myrmeleontidae Latreille (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontiformia) from the Korean peninsula, highlighting the conservation value of this family, ZooKeys 1262, pp. 97-174 : 97-174

Deutoleon lineatus lineatus ( Fabricius, 1798)

Figs 18 , 32 A , 37 F

Myrmeleon lineatus Fabricius, 1798: 205. Type locality: Russia: southern.

Myrmeleon ornatus Olivier, 1811: 123. Type locality: Russia: southern.

Myrmeleon sibiricum Fischer Von Waldheim, 1822: 45. Type locality: Russia: Irkutsk: Siberia, near Irkutsk.

Formicaleo lineatus ( Fabricius, 1798): Hagen 1866 b: 404.

Myrmeleon ambiguus Klapálek, 1901: 209 . Type locality: Russia: Minusinsk.

Distoleon lineatus ( Fabricius, 1798): Kuwayama 1924: 82.

Deutoleon lineatus ( Fabricius, 1798) : Navás 1927 b 18.

Deutoleon turanicus Navás, 1927 b: 19 . Type locality: Russia: Baikal.

Deutoleon lineatus lineatus ( Fabricius, 1798): Krivokhatsky 2011: 124.

Specimens examined.

[ JBNU] • 1 ♀, Yulji-ri , Susan-myeon, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 24. VI. 2023, J. S. Kim ; • 3 ♂ 7 ♀, Changwon-ri , Nam-myeon, Yeongwol-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea, 12. VI. 2024, J. S. Kim ; • 1 ♂, Yulji-ri , Susan-myeon, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 25. V. 2025, J. S. Kim .

Diagnosis.

Deutoleon lineatus lineatus is similar to D. lineatus turanicus in general appearance. However, they can be easily distinguished because the forewing veins of D. lineatus lineatus are only yellow, while in D. lineatus turanicus they are alternately black and yellow.

Description.

Male, adult. Head (Fig. 18 B, C ). Vertex slightly wide, moderately raised, yellow. Frons yellow, with dark brown band in the middle; clypeus yellow, with long black hairs. Antenna dark brown, slightly long, with slightly defined club, densely covered with short black hairs; flagellum comprising ~ 45 flagellomeres. Mouthparts yellowish brown; labrum yellow, with hyaline brown hairs; maxillary palpus yellowish brown; labial palpus yellowish brown, spindle-shaped.

Thorax (Fig. 11 C ). Pronotum slender, longer than broad, whitish-yellow, with slender dark brown longitudinal middle stripe. Mesonotum and metanotum yellowish white, with dark spot at middle.

Legs. Coxae yellow, moderately covered with long black hairs. Femora mostly dark brown; partly yellow; moderately covered with black setae. Tibiae mostly dark brown; partly yellow; densely covered with short black hairs. Tibial spurs reddish brown, slightly long, slightly curved, approximately as long as combined lengths of tarsomeres 1 and 2. Tarsi pale brown, tarsomere 5 longer than combined lengths of tarsomeres 1–4; claws reddish brown.

Wings (Fig. 18 A ). With dark brown markings. Forewings veins and crossveins mostly yellow; presectoral area with 7–9 crossveins; RP arising beyond CuA fork; CuP supporting one or two cells before fusing with 1 A; 2 A fused with 3 A; pterostigma yellowish white; anterior Banksian lines distinct; posterior Banksian lines distinct. Hindwing approximately as long as forewing, narrower than forewing; presectoral area with two crossveins; RP arising before MP fork; pterostigma yellowish white; anterior Banksian and posterior Banksian lines absent; male without pilula axillaris.

Abdomen (Fig. 18 A ). Dark brown, moderately covered with black hairs.

Genitalia (Fig. 18 E, F, I – L ). Ectoproct covered with long black setae. Sternite IX narrow, covered with long black setae. Gonarcus reddish brown, arched. Mediuncus absent. Parameres well sclerotized, dark brown, strongly arched. Parameres well sclerotized, dark brown, with long black setae, moderately hooked in lateral view.

Size. BL: 33.9–35.7 mm; FWL: 35.9–38.9 mm; HWL: 35.1–38.3 mm.

Female, adult. Except terminalia, generally similar to male. Hindwing of female with one distinct dark brown stripe in rhegma area (Fig. 18 D ). Terminalia (Fig. 18 G – H ): tergite VIII slightly wider than tergite IX; tergite IX narrow, triangular in lateral view; ectoproct semicircular in lateral view; lateral gonapophyses semicircular in lateral view, smaller than ectoproct; posterior gonapophyses long, with long black setae; anterior gonapophyses absent; pregenital plate absent.

Size. BL: 32.8–36.2 mm; FWL: 38.0– 42.4 mm; HWL: 36.7–40.9 mm.

Biological notes.

Deutoleon lineatus lineatus is a species that is observed very locally in calcareous grasslands of Chungcheongbuk-do and Gangwon-do in South Korea (Fig. 37 F ). Adults are mainly observed resting on grass stems during the daytime (Fig. 32 A ). Behavior that appeared to be territorial conflict against Orthetrum sp. was also observed. No attraction of the adults to light traps was observed at night; the species was active only during the day and at dusk. Adults emerge for a short period from late May to late June in South Korea. Larvae were not examined during this study, and nothing is known so far about the larvae of this species ( Szőke 2021).

Distribution.

Korea, China, Russia, Moldova, Mongolia, Ukraine, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan ( Krivokhatsky 2011; Szőke 2021)

Remarks.

Deutoleon lineatus lineatus is distributed in Europe to northern Asia. This species was first reported by Kuwayama (1924) from Korea. Another species in the same genus, D. turanicus Navás , is treated as a subspecies ( Krivokhatsky 2011).

Figures

Figure 11. Myrmeleon formicarius (Linnaeus, 1758), adult. A. Dorsal habitus, male; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head and thorax, dorsal view; D, E. Male terminalia: D. Lateral view; E. Ventral view; F, G. Female terminalia: F. Lateral view; G. Ventral view; H – K. Male genitalia: H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view; J. Lateral view; K. Caudal view.

Figure 18. Deutoleon lineatus (Fabricius, 1798), adult. A. Dorsal habitus, male; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head and thorax, dorsal view; D. Wing, female; E, F. Male terminalia: E. Lateral view; F. Ventral view; G, H. Female terminalia: G. Lateral view; H. Ventral view; I – L. Male genitalia: I. Dorsal view; J. Ventral view; K. Lateral view; L. Caudal view.

Figure 32. Photographs of adults in the field, A. Deutoleon lineatus lineatus; B. Euroleon coreanus.

Figure 37. Distribution maps. A. Synclisis japonica and Baliga micans; B. Genus Myrmeleon (Myrmeleon bore, Myrmeleon fomicarius, and Myrmeleon immanis); C. Dendroleon pupillaris and Nepsalus jezoensis; D. Genus Distoleon (Distoleon littoralis and Distoleon nigricans); E. Genus Paraglenurus (Paraglenurus albiventris, Paraglenurus japonicus, and Paraglenurus melanostictus); F. Euroleon coreanus and Deutoleon lineatus lineatus; H. Ascalohybris subjacens and Libelloides sibiricus.