Andricus bakrachus Melika, Mutun & Dinç, 2014

Mutun, Serap, Dinç, Serdar, Bozsó, Miklós & Melika, George, 2014, Four new species of Andricus Hartig oak gallwasp from Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini), Zootaxa 3760 (2), pp. 241-259 : 250-254

Andricus bakrachus Melika, Mutun & Dinç , new species

Figs 31–40 , 41–44

Type material: HOLOTYPE female: TURKEY, Manisa Demirtaş Village, N 39° 260.82´, E 27° 892.89´, 413 m. a.s.l. ex Q.infectoria ; leg. S. Mutun & S. Dinç; coll. 21. 0 9.2012. The holotype is deposited at the PHMB. Material examined. Gall samples were collected from Tunceli Pülümür, N 39° 590.13´, E 39° 862.58´, 1355 m a.s.l., 31. 0 8. 2012; one gall—from Elazığ Sütlüce, N 38° 593.81´, E 38° 977.21´, 1247 m a.s.l., 0 9. 0 9. 2012; one gall—from Elazığ Arındık Village, N 38° 642.84´, E 38° 948.61´, 1390 m a.s.l., 09.09.2012; one gall—from Adıyaman Taşlıyazı Village, N 37° 728.02´, E 37° 952.26´, 733 m a.s.l., 15. 0 9. 2012; one gall—from Adıyaman Yarbaşı Village, N 37° 772.87´, E 37° 684.76´, 905 m a.s.l., 15. 09.2012; one gall—from Çanakkale Near Nusratlı, N 39° 583.86´, E 26° 526.60´, 472 m a.s.l., 21.09.2012; one gall—from Manisa Demirtaş Village, N 39° 260.82´, E 27° 892.89´, 413 m a.s.l., 21. 0 9.2012.

Etymology. The shape of the gall resembles the shape of the traditional Turkish vessel "bakrach" which is used to store and carry milk.

Diagnosis. The gall somewhat resembles the abnormally developed gall of A. quercustozae , however, in the new species the gall is narrowed at the tip and become broaden through the apex, with a disc-like upper surface, while in A. quercustozae the gall is rounded. Based on the mitochondrial cytB gene sequence most closely resembles A. kollari , A. corruptrix (Schlechtendal) and A. truncicolus (Giraud) (see Comments below). Andricus kollari and A. corruptrix belong to the “Adleria kollari ” group of species (Melika 2006), with short, faintly oblique setae on the anterior surface of the foretibia, while in A. turcicus the anterior surface of the foretibia with numerous dense long setae. Morphologicaly most closely resembles A. truncicolus which has the body predominantly blackish-brown; POL slightly longer than OOL; F1 longer than F2; scutellar foveae nearly rounded, as high as broad, with smooth, shiny deep bottom; the radial cell of the forewing 4.8–5.0 times as long as broad; the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium around 6.0 times longer than broad while in A. turcicus the body predominantly brown, POL 1.3 times as long as OOL; F1= F2; scutellar fovea transversely ovate, 2.1 times as broad as high, with a reticulate bottom, separated by an elevated triangular median carina; the radial cell of the forewing 3.8 times as long as broad; the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium around 4.3 times longer than broad.

Description. ASEXUAL female (holotype) ( Figs 31–40 ). Head brown; postocciput and postgenal bridge, hypostomal carina, tips of mandibles and stripe along attachment line of mandibles black. Antenna black. Pronotum, propleuron, mesopleuron, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and lateral propodeal area brown; mesoscutum between notauli with black stripes along anterior parallel lines, scutellar foveae, metascutellum, metanotal trough, central propodeal area, mesosoma ventrally and 2nd metasomal tergite dorsally black. Legs with dense long white setae, including the anterior part of fore tibiae; coxae brown, trochanters brown, hind trochanter partially black; anterior surface of femurs black, rest brown; tibiae and tarsi dark brown to black. Head, mesosoma and metasoma with uniformly very dense long white setae.

Head delicately coriaceous, 2.4 times as broad as long from above, 1.4 times as broad as high in anterior view and narrower than width of mesosoma. Gena alutaceous, broader than cross diameter of eye, strongly broadened behind eye, well visible in anterior view behind eye. Malar space delicately coriaceous, without striae and malar sulcus, 0.4 times as long as height of eye. POL 1.3 times as long as OOL; OOL 1.9 times as long as LOL and 2.1 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus, ocelli slightly ovate, black, equal in size and shape. Transfacial distance 1.3 times as long as height of eye and 1.9 times as long as height of lower face (distance between antennal rim and ventral margin of clypeus); diameter of antennal torulus 2.5 times as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye margin equal to diameter of torulus. Lower face delicately coriaceous, with elevated median area and very dense setae. Clypeus coriaceous, rectangular, slightly higher than broad, with parallel sides, impressed, flat, ventrally not emarginate, straight, not incised medially, with distinct deep anterior tentorial pits, distinct epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line. Frons delicately coriaceous, with impression above antennal socket and under median ocellus. Vertex, occiput and interocellar area uniformly delicately coriaceous. Postocciput around occipital foramen impressed, smooth, without surface sculpture; postocciput with subparallel wrinkles; postgena smooth, shiny, with dense setae and numerous piliferous points; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, deep, area below impressed; height of occipital foramen nearly equal to height of postgenal bridge which coricaeous centrally, with vertical parallel numerous wrinkles; hypostomal carina emarginate, postgenal sulcus indistinct between numerous wrinkles. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, as long as head+mesosoma; pedicel nearly 2.25 times shorter than scape, longer than broad, F1 2.1 times as long as pedicel, F1= F2, F3 1.3 times shorter than F2, from F4 all subsequent flagellomeres slightly shorter; F12 slightly longer than F11; placoid sensillae on F3– F12, in numerous rows, absent on F1–F2.

Mesosoma longer than high in lateral view; with uniform, dense white setae. Pronotum uniformly delicately coriaceous, with uniform dense white setae and some punctures in laterodorsal part. Anterior rim of pronotum narrow, emarginated, black; propleuron delicately coriaceous, with white dense setae, strongly concave in mediocentral part and entirely black. Mesoscutum longer than broad (width measured across base of tegulae); uniformly reticulate. Notauli distinct, complete, reaching pronotum, well-impressed; median mesoscutal line hardly traceable, present in a form of short triangle; anterior parallel lines distinct, extending to 2/3 of mesoscutum length; parapsidal line indicates by smooth glabrous stripes. Mesoscutellum shiny, smooth with dull irregular striae, delicately uniformly coriaceous in the anterior median part, rounded, nearly as broad as long, very slightly overhanging metanotum. Scutellar fovea transversely ovate, 2.1 times as broad as high,with reticulate bottom, separated by elevated triangular median carina. Mesopleuron uniformly smooth, shiny, with uniform dense white setae; mesopleural triangle uniformly delicately coriaceous, both with dense white setae, hidden the surface sculpture. Metapleural sulcus distinct, delimiting area with very dense white setae, reach mesopleuron in its half height; preaxilla coriaceous; dorsoaxillar and lateral axillar areas delicately coriaceous, with dense white setae; axillar carina broad, smooth, shiny with longitudinal striae; axillula slightly ovate, with very dense white setae hidden sculpture; subaxillular bar smooth, shiny, as high as height of metanotal trough. Metascutellum black, delicately coriaceous, nearly 2.5 times as high as height of smooth, shiny ventral impressed area. Lateral propodeal carinae subparallel, delimiting smooth black central area with few delicate irregular wrinkles, with dense white setae along lateral carinae only; lateral propodeal area uniformly coriaceous, with very dense white setae; nucha very short, without striae dorsally, with some longitudinal wrinkles laterally.

Forewing longer than body, with dark brown veins, margin with dense, short cilia; radial cell 3.6 times as long as broad, R1 and Rs nearly reach wing margin; Rs+M distinct in distal 3/4, its projection reach basalis at half height, areolet large, triangular, well-delimited. Anterior surface of fore tibia with long oblique setae. Tarsal claws with strong acute, deep basal lobe.

Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, slightly higher than long in lateral view, smooth, shiny. All metasomal tergites with very dense white setae laterally, which absent dorsally on tergites 2 and 3; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium slender, needle-like, around 4.3 times longer than broad, with two ventral rows of dense setae directed downwards.

Body length 5.1 mm (n=1).

Gall ( Figs 41–44 ). A monolocular gall, found mainly on apical buds of host plant, 4–6 mm in diameter and 5– 7 mm in height. Gall is narrowed at the tip and become broaden through the apex. Disc-like upper surface with a navel-like center.

Biology. Only the asexual females are known to induce galls on Quercus infectoria and Q. petraea . The gall develops through the summer and mature in the late October and beginning of September. Wasps emerged from the gall on 28 September 2012.

Comments. The mitochondrial Cytb gene sequence (in different parts) most closely resembles that of A. kollari (query cover 99%, max. identity 90%, accession # AF242753.1); A. corruptrix (query cover 99%, max. identity 90%, accession # DQ217992.1) and A. truncicolus (query cover 99%, max. identity 90%, accession # DQ218002.1).

Distribution. Currently known from the vicinities of Çanakkale, Manisa, Adıyaman, Elazığ and Tunceli citites of Turkey.

Figures

FIGURES 31 – 35. Andricus bakrachus, new species, asexual female: 31 – 34, head: 31, anterior view, 32, lateral view, 33, posterior view, 34, dorsal view. 35, antenna.

FIGURES 36 – 40. Andricus bakrachus, new species, asexual female: 36, mesoscutum, dorsal view, 37, mesoscutellum, dorsal view, 38, mesosoma, lateral view, 39, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view, 40, metasoma, part, lateral view.

FIGURES 41 – 44. Andricus bakrachus, new species, gall: 41 – 42, young, growing gall, 43 – 44, mature gall with emerging hole of adult.