Piezodorus guildinii, (WESTWOOD)

Smaniotto, Lisonéia F. & Panizzi, Antônio R., 2015, Interactions of selected species of stink bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from leguminous crops with plants in the Neotropics, Florida Entomologist 98 (1), pp. 7-17 : 8-10

PIEZODORUS GUILDINII (WESTWOOD)

The small-green stink bug, P. guildinii , has a wide Neotropical distribution ( Panizzi & Slansky 1985a; Ribeiro et al. 2009; Zerbino 2007, 2009, 2010). It has existed in Florida for many years without being much of a pest (Kirkaldy 1909; Genung et al. 1964). Recently, it has become a major pest of soybean in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Missis- sippi, South Carolina, and Texas ( McPherson & McPherson 2000; Bauer & Baldwin 2006; Kamminga et al. 2012).

Compared to N. viridula , P. guildinii feeds on fewer plant species, being confined mostly to legumes ( Fabaceae ) ( Panizzi & Slansky 1985b; Panizzi & Parra 2012). Among the legumes, plants of the genus Indigofera seem to be preferred (Panizzi 1992). However, other species of cultivated and non-cultivated plants of different families are at various times used by this pentatomid, either as a source of nutrients or water, or as shelter ( Table 2).

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In the northern state of Paraná, Brazil, in Londrina County, it completes three generations on soybean during the spring and summer months; then it moves to other legume plants such as lanceleaf crotalaria, Crotalaria lanceolata E. Mey , and pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan (L. Millsp.) ( Fabaceae ), completing another generation. During the mild winter in this area it moves to indigo legume plants completing a fifh generation, before returning to soybean the following spring (Panizzi 1997).

In cooler areas of the south (e.g., Rio Grande do Sul) it is found on alternate plants such as chickling pea, Vicia sativa L. ( Fabaceae ), wild radish, Raphanus sativus L. ( Brassicaceae ), and white lupin, Lupinus albus L. ( Fabaceae ) ( Silva et al. 2006). Further south in Uruguay, in ad-

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*Plants on which bug can complete development.

(1) Silva et al. 1968 ( Brazil, ES,MG,SP); (2) Panizzi & Smith 1976 ( Brazil, PR); (3) Miranda et al. 1979 ( Brazil, SP);(4) Ferreira & Panizzi 1982 ( Brazil, PR);(5) Link & Grazia 1987 ( Brazil, RS); (6) Ventura 1988 ( Bolivia); (7) Panizzi 1992 ( Brazil, PR); (8) Costa et al. 1995 ( Brazil, RS); (9) Malaguido & Panizzi 1998 ( Brazil, PR); (10) Panizzi et al. 2000b ( Brazil, PR);(11) Panizzi et al. 2002 ( Brazil, PR); (12) Lafuente 2004 ( Uruguay); (13) Massoni & Frana 2005 ( Argentina); (14) Stadler et al. 2006 ( Argentina); (15) Silva et al. 2006 ( Brazil,RS);(16) Gomez et al. 2013 ( Paraguay); (17) Zerbino et al. 2015 ( Uruguay).

dition to reproducing on soybean, at least two generations occur on cultivated forage legumes ( Medicago sativa L., Trifolium pratense L., Lotus corniculatus L. - Fabaceae ) during the spring and summer. Other associated plants include Pittosporum undulatum Ventenat (Pittospo- raceae), Ligustrum lucidum Aiton ( Oleaceae ), and Phyllostachys sp. ( Poaceae ) on which they do not reproduce but seek shelter and may eventually feed. Adults are found underneath eucalyptus litter during autumn and winter, peaking in July ( Zerbino et al. 2015).

The list of plants on which P. guildinii has been recorded in the neotropics includes 49 plant species belonging to 22 families, of which 24 species were considered to be reproductive hosts ( Table 2).