Guatteria pseudoferruginea Maas & Westra, 2019

Maas, Paul J. M., Westra, Lubbert Y. Th., Chatrou, Lars W., Verspagen, Nadja, Rainer, Heimo, Zamora, Nelson A. & Erkens, Roy H. J., 2019, Twelve new and exciting Annonaceae from the Neotropics, PhytoKeys 126, pp. 25-69 : 34-37

Guatteria pseudoferruginea Maas & Westra sp. nov. Figs 12 , 13

Guatteria sp. 2 Maas & Westra, Blumea (2015) 188.

Diagnosis.

Guatteria pseudoferruginea superficially resembles the SE Brazilian G. ferruginea A.St.-Hil. by having young twigs densely covered with erect, brown hairs, non-verruculose leaves, and ellipsoid seeds, but it is different from that species by being not cauliflorous, and having smaller leaves (14-20 vs. 17-40 cm long), petals hairy on both sides, shorter pedicels (7-15 vs. 15-70 mm long) and seeds that are smooth vs. pitted.

Type.

COLOMBIA, Vichada: Gaviotas, afluente del Cano Urimica , 1 Jan 1973, Cabrera R. 2522 (holotype: COL! [COL411248]; 2 isotypes: COL! [COL265832 and COL411249) .

Description.

Tree or shrub 5-12 m tall, 5-15 cm diam.; young twigs densely covered with erect, brown hairs, soon glabrous. Leaves: petioles 4-10 by 1-2 mm; lamina narrowly elliptic, 14-20 by 4-6.5 cm (leaf index 2.8-3.5), chartaceous, not verruculose, dull, greyish above, brown below, densely covered with appressed hairs to glabrous above, sparsely covered with appressed hairs to glabrous below, base acute to slightly attenuate, apex acuminate (acumen 5-15 mm long), primary vein impressed above, secondary veins distinct, 15-17 on either side of primary vein, slightly impressed above, smallest distance between loops and margin ca. 2 mm, tertiary veins flat above, reticulate. Inflorescence axillary, 1-2-flowered; pedicels 7-15 by 1 mm, to 15-20 by 1-2 mm in fruit, densely covered with appressed and erect, brown hairs, articulated at ca. 0.3 from the base; bracts not seen; flower buds subglobose; sepals free, broadly ovate-triangular, 7-8 by 6 mm, reflexed, outer and inner side densely covered with appressed and erect, brown hairs, inner base glabrous; petals green in vivo, ovate-elliptic, 7-12 by 5-11 mm, both sides densely covered with appressed and erect, brown hairs, except for the inner glabrous base; stamens ca. 1.5 mm long, connective shield papillate. Monocarps 10-50, colour in vivo not recorded, black in sicco, ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, 10-20 by 5 mm, glabrous, apex apiculate (apiculum <0.5 mm long), wall ca. 0.2 mm thick, stipes 15-20 by 5 mm. Seed ellipsoid, dark, shiny brown, ca. 8 by 5 mm, smooth.

Distribution.

Colombia (Arauca, Meta, Vichada) (Fig. 3 ).

Habitat and ecology.

In non-inundated forest or gallery forest. At elevations of 100-1000 m. Flowering: January to April; fruiting: March, June.

Notes.

Specimens of Guatteria pseudoferruginea have previously been identified as G. ferruginea A.St.-Hil. from E and SE Brazil, which differs from G. pseudoferruginea in being cauliflorous. Both species are characterised by a dense indument of brownish, erect hairs on the twigs. However the new species differs from G. ferruginea by characters as given in the diagnosis, notably by petals covered with brown hairs on both sides (vs. on the outer side only in G. ferruginea ), and by the absence of cauliflory.The description of G. pseudoferruginea , formerly named Guatteria sp. 2 in the monograph of Guatteria ( Maas et al. 2015), could be completed by the first author during a recent visit to Colombia and the COL Herbarium in Bogotá.

Preliminary IUCN conservation status.

EN B2ab(iii). EOO (378.742 km2) was too large to classify as threatened, but AOO (20 km2) would classify as Endangered. It was determined that this species has 5 locations almost all in heavily deforested areas outside national parks. Furthermore, because no information is available on the current population size and population trend of this species, we have classified it as Endangered.

Other specimens examined.

COLOMBIA. Arauca: Mun. Tame, Vereda Caribabare , 6°16'36.5"S, 71°46'01.4"W, 290 m, 30 Mar 2015, Trujillo-C. & Gantiva 3298 (COL) . Meta: San Martín, Vereda La Castañeda, Finca Santa Rosa , 3°36'51"N, 73°38'33"W, 363 m, 27 Feb 2005, Aldana & Stevenson 10 (ANDES), 22 (ANDES, COL); forested slopes of Rio Negro , ca. 20 km W of Villavicencio, along road between main highway and finca of Helmuth Schmidt, 1050 m, 23 Feb 1972, Barclay et al. 3198 ( US) . Vichada: Caño Urimica, 3 Jan 1972, Cabrera R. 1991 (COL); Mun. Puerto Carreño, Mata de monte grande, 5°17'00"N, 67°57'50"W, 4 Aug 1995, Córdoba et al. 1369 (COL); Mun. Santa Rosalia, Reserva Tomo Grande , 4°50.400'N, 70°16.388'W, 124 m, 27 Apr 2009, Correa-Gómez 87 (COL); Mun. Santa Rosalia, Reserva Tomo Grande, 4°50'517"N, 70°15'367"W, 119 m, 2 Jun 2009, Correa-Gómez 128 (COL) .

Figures

Figure 3. Distribution map of Annona caput-medusae, A. oleifolia, Guatteria attenuata, G. kamakusensis, G. pseudoferruginea, Klarobelia rocioae, and Xylopia longicaudata.

Figure 12. Guatteria pseudoferruginea Maas & Westra. Flowering branch (Cabrera R. 1991, COL).

Figure 13. Guatteria pseudoferruginea Maas & Westra. Fruiting branch (Correa-Gomez 128, COL).