Stryphnodendron polystachyum (Miq.) Kleinhoonte (1926: 416)

Scalon, Viviane Renata, Paula-Souza, Juliana De, Lima, Alexandre Gibau De & Souza, Vinicius Castro, 2022, A synopsis of the genus Stryphnodendron (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade), Phytotaxa 544 (3), pp. 227-279 : 259

26. Stryphnodendron polystachyum (Miq.) Kleinhoonte (1926: 416) .

≡ Piptadenia polystachya Miquel (1845: 590) .— Type: Suriname, “Crescit prope Bergendaal”, September, collector unknown s.n. (holotype U 52627–A!)

= Piptadenia tocantina Ducke (1925: 33) .— Type: BRAZIL. Pará, “Habitat in silva primaria non inundata infra stationen Arumateua viae ferreae Alcobacensis in regione fluminis Tocantins civitate Pará”, 14 July 1916, Ducke s.n. (holotype MG 16252 !, isotypes G!, K!, P!, RB!).

Trees (11–) 15–40 m tall, trunk usually straight, rarely tortuous; branch nectaries absent. Leaves with 3–4 pairs of pinnae, opposite; 4–5 pairs of leaflets, opposite; petiolar nectary 1, conical to sometimes round; leaflets 4.5–9(–12) × 2–4(–5) cm, apex apiculate to caudate, very rarely acute, margin undulate to repand, usually chartaceous, sometimes subcoriaceous, subconcolor to rarely discolor, glabrous except for the puberulent to subglabrous midrib on both surfaces, unilateral tuft of trichomes on lower surface absent. Sinflorescence a pleiothyrsus; cymulae of solitary, geminate to ternate spikes; spike 2.5–4 cm long; spike prophylls late deciduous, 2–3 mm long. Flowers monoclinous or diclinous, reddish to rarely yellowish green, anther gland sessile. Fruit a nucoid legume, strongly curved, flatcompressed, slightly constrained between the seeds, 6–9 × 1.5–1.7 cm, valves subcoriaceous, reddish dark-brown and ferruginous-pulverulent, glabrescent, contorted forming a globose conglomerate.

Vernacular names: — Mandi-’iran-’y (“false manioc”), Cuhuba, Tachi-rana Branca, Taxirana ( Brazil); Patakou Wana (Paramaka language, French Guiana); Hoogland-laksiri, Hiakantaballi ( Surinam); Cobija, Mure, Jödena, Masaguaro (Ye’Kuana language, Venezuela).

Nomenclatural notes: — There is a specimen of S. polystachyum in U ( U 99421 –B!) whose label shows the same month and collecting site as the holotype, but the collector is indicated as “Focke”. Though it is likely that they are duplicates, the protologue does not refer to the collector´s name, and we opted not to consider it a type specimen .

Distribution and habitat: — Stryphnodendron polystachyum is an exclusively Amazonian species, found in terra firme forests, often as an element of the canopy, in the Northeastern Amazon-Atlantic Coast province and Jari-Trombetas province, comprising localities in Amazonas, Pará, Maranhão and Amapá states in Brazil. This species is also found in non-flooded tropical forests and humid montane forests in Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname and Venezuela.

Conservation: —Least Concern (LC) [AOO= 52.000 km 2, EOO= 1,191,866.645 km 2].

Phenology: —This species was collected with flowers in April, from July to September, November and December, and with fruits in January and February, May to July and September to November.

Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Pará: Jacunda , Rio Tocantins, caminho para o centro, 19 May 1977, fr., M.G. Silva & R. Bahia 3126 ( MO, NY). FRENCH GUIANE. Passoura, Région de Kourou , 23 August 1991, fl., D. Sabatier & M.F. Prevost 3758 ( CAY, NY, P, U) .