Westermannia simianshana Qin, Zhang & Han, 2025

Qin, Yue, Zhang, Chao & Han, Huilin, 2025, Descriptions of two new species associated with Westermannia nobilis Draudt, 1950 (Lepidoptera, Nolidae, Westermanniinae) from China, ZooKeys 1262, pp. 21-31 : 21-31

Westermannia simianshana Qin, Zhang & Han sp. nov.

Figs 3 , 4 , 10 , 13 , 15

Type material.

Holotype: • male, China, Chongqing, Jiangjin, Simianshan, Dawopu , 12–13. VII. 2018, leg. H. L. Han, genit. prep. QY- 37, NEFU . Paratypes: • 1 male, same locality as holotype, 29. VII – 2. VIII. 2020, leg. H. L. Han & J. Wu, genit. prep. QY- 88, NEFU • 1 male and 2 females, same locality as for holotype, 23. VII – 6. VIII. 2018, leg. W. J. Li & G. X. Wang, genit. prep. QY- 89, 90 and 91, NEFU • 1 male, China, Chongqing, Jiangjin, Simianshan, Tudiyan , 30. VII – 3. VIII. 2019, leg. T. T. Zhao & S. C. Deng, genit. prep. QY- 76, NEFU • 2 females, China, Chongqing, Wuxi, Yintiaoling Reserve, Baiguo Station , 24–28. VI. 2022, leg. T. T. Zhao & Y. Y. Jin, genit. prep. QY- 45 and 46, NEFU .

Diagnosis.

This species is closely related to W. pseudonobilis Qin & Han , sp. nov. and W. nobilis Draudt but smaller in body size; the medial figure- 8 mark on the forewing is relatively narrow; the colour of the two ends of the reniform spot is obviously darker; the patch on the tornal angle is not obvious; the outwardly arcuate median portion of the postmedial line is blunter. In male genitalia, the sclerotized plate at the base of the uncus is larger and lotus-leaf-shaped; the valva is smaller, with undulate margin but lacking additional processes; the coecum is markedly inflated; the vesica is slender, tubular, distally twisted, bearing two rows of cornuti. In female genitalia, the ductus bursae is elongate, anterior half strongly sclerotized and curved, posterior half membranous and helically twisted; the corpus bursae is fusiform, lacking an appendix bursae. Additionally, this species has currently only been recorded in Chongqing Municipality.

Description.

Adult (Figs 3 , 4 ). Wingspan 30.0–32.5 mm. Head white. Antennae filiform, basal portion faintly whitish, remainder light brown. Thorax with dorsum, tegula, and patagium almond, densely pubescent. Abdomen whitish, apical portion and anal tuft almond. Forewing paler greyish-brown on costal area, basal area and postmedian area, gradually paler from inner to costal margin; median area and outer 1 / 3 chocolate-brown; a longitudinal almond band tinged with fuscous along the inner margin, extending from base to tornal angle, upper margin straight; a 8 - shaped filiform and pale lines in the median line area, Cu veins pale; reniform spot dark brown, narrow strip-shaped, foam pale, radiating bright white at the rear; postmedial line white, slender, smooth excurved at M 3 - Cu 2; subternimal line represented by 4–5 faintly white-edged small spots near costal margin; fringe chocolate-brown, apically paler; the terminal line and median line areas dark brown, other parts lighter. Hindwing predominantly whitish, outer margin faintly suffused with brown, females darker than males; venation distinct; fringe whitish, blended with brown.

Male genitalia (Fig. 10 ). Uncus elongate, nail-shaped, sharpened apically, surrounded by coarse setal brush, base overlain by a lotus leaf-shaped sclerite. Tegumen narrowly lingulate, approximately twice the length of uncus. Vinculum narrow, U-shaped, saccus short, weakly developed. Juxta trumpet-shaped, weakly sclerotized. Valva broadly oblong; cucullus rounded, scattered with distinct punctures; costa narrowly ribbon-shaped, smooth, round apically; sacculus basally inflected, then weakly curved, densely covered with long hairs. Aedeagus cylindrical, medially slightly curved, covered with faint granules at base; coecum swollen; carina weakly sclerotized. Vesica tubular, nearly equal in length to aedeagus, basal 2 / 3 similar in diameter to aedeagus, abruptly narrowed and twisted spirally in distal third; apical 1 / 4 slightly thickened, bearing two rows of spiniform, heavily sclerotized cornuti.

Female genitalia (Fig. 13 ). Papillae anales broadly flattened, short strip-shaped, densely setose apically. Apophysis anterior and apophysis posterior slender, subequal in length. Ostium bursae shallowly funnel-shaped. Ductus bursae sinuous, robust, with the anterior half strongly sclerotized and posterior half membranous, twisted into a helical shape. Corpus bursae fusiform, nearly equal in length with ductus bursae, surface wrinkled, bearing a pair of spiny-oblong signa at the ductus-bursa junction.

Distribution.

China ( Chongqing).

Etymology.

The species name is derived from its type locality: Simianshan (= Mount Simian) in Chongqing Municipality, China.

Figures

Figure 15. Distribution map and type localities of three Westermannia species in China.

Figures 1–8. Adults of Westermannia spp. (1, 3, 5, 7: male; 2, 4, 6, 8: female). 1, 2. W. pseudonobilis Qin & Han, sp. nov., coll. NEFU (1: holotype; 2: paratype); 3, 4. W. simianshana Qin, Zhang & Han, sp. nov., coll. NEFU (3: holotype 4: paratype); 5–8 W. nobilis Draudt, 1950, collected from Guangxi (5), Hunan (6), and Chongqing (7–8), China, coll. NEFU. Scale bar: 5 mm.

Figures 9–11. Male genitalia of Westermannia spp. (a: tegumen-vinculum; b: aedeagus). 9. W. pseudonobilis Qin & Han, sp. nov., genit. prep. QY- 34, coll. NEFU; 10. W. simianshana Qin, Zhang & Han, sp. nov., genit. prep. QY- 90 (a) and 36 (b), coll. NEFU; 11. W. nobilis Draudt, 1950 (with close-up of the processes on costa), genit. prep. QY- 50 (51 for close-up), coll. NEFU

Figures 12–14. Female genitalia of Westermannia spp. with close-up of the signa. 12. W. pseudonobilis Qin & Han, sp. nov., genit. prep. QY- 33 (75 for close-up), coll. NEFU; 13. W. simianshana Qin, Zhang & Han, sp. nov., genit. prep. QY- 91 (45 for close-up), coll. NEFU; 14. W. nobilis Draudt, 1950, genit. prep. QY- 52, coll. NEFU.