Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck), 1893

Tortorici, Francesco, Talamas, Elijah J., Moraglio, Silvia T., Pansa, Marco G., Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Tavella, Luciana & Caleca, Virgilio, 2019, A morphological, biological and molecular approach reveals four cryptic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), egg parasitoids of Pentatomidae (Hemiptera), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 73, pp. 153-200 : 153

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.73.39052
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scientific name	Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck)
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Treatment

Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck)

Figures 7 View Figures 4–7 , 11 View Figures 8–11 , 15 View Figures 12–15 , 19 View Figures 16–19 , 25 View Figures 20–25 , 29 View Figures 26–29 , 32 View Figures 30–36 , 36 View Figures 30–36 , 40 View Figures 37–44 , 44 View Figures 37–44 , 59 View Figures 59, 60 , 60. View Figures 59, 60

Teleas semistriatus Nees von Esenbeck, 1834: 290 (original description); Ratzeburg 1852: 182 (description); Johnson 1992: 519 (cataloged).

Telenomus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck): Thomson 1860: 171 (description, generic transfer); Mayr 1879: 699, 701, 704 (description, synonymy, keyed).

Asolcus nigripedius Nakagawa, 1900: 17 (original description); Watanabe 1951: 21, 25 (description, type information, keyed); Watanabe 1954: 22 (keyed).

Aphanurus Semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck): Kieffer 1912: 74 (description, generic transfer).

Microphanurus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck): Kieffer 1926: 91, 97 (description, generic transfer, keyed); Nixon 1939: 131, 134 (description, keyed); Meier 1940: 80 (description, keyed); Ryakhovskii 1959: 84 (keyed).

Microphanurus alexeevi Meier, 1949: 114 (original description, not seen: reference from Kozlov (1963), synonymized with Asolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck) by Kozlov (1963)); Ryakhovskii 1959: 83 (keyed); Kozlov 1963: 295 (junior synonym of Asolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck)).

Microphanurus schtepetelnikovae Meier, 1949: 114 (original description, not seen: reference from Kozlov (1963), synonymized with Asolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck) by Kozlov (1963)); Kozlov 1963: 295 (junior synonym of Asolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck)).

Asolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck): Masner 1959: 376 (diagnosis, variation); Delucchi 1961: 44, 59 (diagnosis, taxonomic status, keyed); Kozlov 1963: 295 (synonymy); Viktorov 1964: 1013, 1020 (variation, keyed); Kochetova 1966: 558 (description of immature stages); Javahery 1968: 419 (keyed); Voegelé 1969: 150 (keyed); Szabó 1976: 176, 178 (description, neotype designation, keyed).

Microphanurus stschepetilnicovae Meier: Ryakhovskii 1959: 83 (keyed, spelling error).

Trissolcus nigripedius (Nakagawa): Masner 1964: 146 (generic transfer); Ryu and Hirashima 1984: 37, 56 (description, keyed); Johnson 1992: 633 (cataloged); He, Chen, Fan, Li, Liu, Lou, Ma, Wang, Wu, Xu, Xu & Yao 2004: 321 (description); Fabritius and Popovici 2007: 157 (host informations, distribution); Kononova 2014: 1424 (keyed); Kononova 2015: 261 (keyed); Talamas et al. 2017: 130 (junior synonym of Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck), neotype designation).

Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck): Safavi 1968: 416 (keyed); Kozlov 1968: 200 (keyed); Fabritius 1972: 32, 34 (keyed, host catalogue; distribution); Kozlov and Lê 1977: 512 (keyed); Kozlov 1978: 636 (description); Kozlov and Kononova 1983: 113 (description); Graham 1984: 92 (variation); Johnson 1992: 636 (cataloged, type information); Kononova 1995: 96 (keyed); Koçak and Kilinçer 2003: 302, 305 (keyed, description); Ali 2011: 10 (keyed); Ghahari et al. 2011: 597 (listed); Guz et al. 2013: 87 (description, phylogenetic relationships); Petrov 2013: 326 (keyed); Kononova 2014: 1425 (keyed); Kononova 2015: 262 (keyed); Talamas et al. 2017: 20, 25, 128 (description, keyed, synonymy, type information, distribution).

Trissolcus artus Kozlov & Lê 1977: 512, 519 (original description, keyed); Kozlov 1978: 636 (description); Kozlov and Kononova 1983: 112 (description); Johnson 1992: 622 (cataloged, type information); Kononova 1995: 96 (keyed); Kononova 2014: 1424 (keyed); Kononova 2015: 262 (keyed); Talamas et al. 2017: 128, 135 (junior synonym of Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck), type information).

Diagnosis.

Trissolcus semistriatus is most similar to T. belenus and T. colemani , with which it overlaps in distribution and host range. It can be separated from both by the mesoscutal humeral sulcus present as a smooth furrow ( Figure 25 View Figures 20–25 ) and the short anteroventral extension of the mesopleuron, which does not extend to the base mesocoxa ( Figure 7 View Figures 4–7 ). Additionally, the angular form of the occipital carina in dorsal view, with a short carina extending toward the median ocellus, is found only in this species ( Figure 36 View Figures 30–36 ). The anteroventral area of the hind femur that is covered by setae ( Figure 29 View Figures 26–29 ) is useful when separating T. semistriatus from T. belenus ( Figure 26 View Figures 26–29 ), T. colemani ( Figure 27 View Figures 26–29 ) and T. manteroi ( Figure 28 View Figures 26–29 ).

Description.

Body length: 1.07-1.11 mm, median = 1.08 mm, SD = 0.01, n = 20. Body color: head, mesosoma, and metasoma black.

Head. FCI = 1.4; LCI = 1.9; IOS = 0.33 mm; OOL:POL:LOL = 1:12:5.4. Length of radicle: less than width of clypeus. Color of A1-A6 in female: distal A2 yellow to light brown, otherwise black. Color of A7-A11 in female: black. Number of papillary sensilla on A6: 0. Number of papillary sensilla on A7: 2. Facial striae: absent. Number of clypeal setae: 6. Shape of gena in lateral view: narrow. Genal carina: present only at base of mandible. Malar striae: absent. Sculpture of malar sulcus: weakly and densely striate. Orbital furrow: uniform in width between midpoint of eye and malar sulcus. Macrosculpture of frons directly dorsal to the antennal scrobe: coarsely rugose. Preocellar pit: present. Setation of lateral frons: sparse; moderately dense. Punctation of lateral frons: sparse. Sculpture directly ventral to preocellar pit: dorsoventrally fluted. Rugae on lateral frons: weakly developed to absent. OOL: less than one ocellar diameter. Hyperoccipital carina: absent. Macrosculpture of posterior vertex: absent. Microsculpture on posterior vertex along occipital carina: granulate. Anterior margin of occipital carina: crenulate. Medial part of occipital carina in dorsal view: angled, vertex of angle with short carina directed toward median ocellus.

Mesosoma. Epomial carina: present. Macrosculpture of lateral pronotum directly anterior to netrion: finely rugulose. Netrion sulcus: complete. Pronotal suprahumeral sulcus in posterior half of pronotum: undifferentiated from sculpture of dorsal pronotum. Number of episternal foveae: 2. Course of episternal foveae ventrally: distinctly separate from postacetabular sulcus. Course of episternal foveae dorsally: distinctly separate from mesopleural pit. Subacropleural sulcus: present. Speculum: transversely strigose. Mesopleural pit: extending ventrally into dorsoventral furrow parallel to mesopleural carina. Mesopleural carina: well defined anteriorly, poorly defined to absent posteriorly. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Patch of striae at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present, striae oblique to long axis of femoral depression. Setal patch at posteroventral end of femoral depression: absent. Microsculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: present throughout. Macrosculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: absent. Postacetabular sulcus: comprised of large cells. Mesopleural epicoxal sulcus: comprised of cells. Setation of posteroventral metapleuron: absent. Sculpture of dorsal metapleural area: absent. Posterodorsal metapleural sulcus: present as a line of foveae. Paracoxal sulcus in ventral half of metapleuron: indistinguishable from sculpture. Length of anteroventral extension of metapleuron: short, not extending to base of mesocoxa. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: present as coarse rugae. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: present as a simple furrow. Median mesoscutal carina: absent. Microsculpture of mesoscutum: imbricate-punctate anteriorly, becoming longitudinally imbricate-strigate posteriorly. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: comprised of cells. Length of mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: two-thirds the length of anterolateral edge of mesoscutum. Parapsidal line: absent. Notaulus: absent. Median protuberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum: absent. Shape of dorsal margin of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: acute. Sculpture of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: dorsoventrally strigose. Area bound by axillar crescent: smooth. Macrosculpture of mesoscutellum: absent. Microsculpture on mesoscutellum: imbricate-punctate laterally to smooth medially. Median mesoscutellar carina: absent. Setation of posterior scutellar sulcus: present. Form of metascutellum: single row of cells. Metanotal trough: foveate, foveae occupying more than half of metanotal height. Metapostnotum: invaginated near lateral edge of metascutellum. Length of postmarginal vein: about twice as long as stigmal vein. Color of legs: coxae dark brown to black, femora and tibia dark brown with yellowish tips, trochanters and tarsi yellow to pale brown. Anteroventral area of hind femora: covered by setae. Anteromedial portion of metasomal depression: smooth.

Metasoma. Width of metasoma: about equal to width of mesosoma. Longitudinal striae on T1 posterior to basal costae: pair of longitudinal submedial carinae separate a lateral smooth area from an internal area where striate sculpture starts with basal grooves. Number of sublateral setae (on one side): 1. Setation of laterotergite 1: absent. Length of striation on T2: extending two-thirds the length of the tergite. Setation of T2: present in a transverse line and along lateral margin. Setation of laterotergite 2: present.

Host associations.

Pentatomidae : Aelia rostrata ; Brachynema germarii (Kolenati); Carpocoris sp.; Dolycoris baccarum (L.); Graphosoma semipunctatum ; Rhaphigaster sp.; Scutelleridae : Eurygaster maura .

Link to distribution map.

[https://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=3305]

Material examined.

Neotype, female, Teleas semistriatus : Palearctic: no date, NHMW 0007A (deposited in NHMW). Paratype of Trissolcus artus : Russia: 1 female, USNMENT00916276 (ZIN). Neoparatype : Palearctic : 1 female, NHMW 0007B (NHMW) .

Other material: (183 females, 50 males, 2 pins with multiple specimens) Iran: 11 females, HMIM-HYM-022, 038 (HMIM); USNMENT01223083-01223089 (UNIPA); USNMENT01223228-01223229 (MCSN) . Italy: 189 females, 54 males, 2 pins with multiple specimen, DISAFA-draw1465-HYM-0226-0240, 0242-0423 (DISAFA); MSNG-HYM-0005-0013 (MCSN); UNIPA-HYM-S01329-01346, USNMENT01223140-01223142, 01223482 (UNIPA) . Japan: 1 female, EIHU 0003 (EIHU) . Morocco: 1 female, USNMENT01223143 (UNIPA) . Portugal: 3 females, USNMENT00916201-00916202, 00916236 (BMNH) . Sweden: 1 female, UNIPA-HYM-S01326 (BMNH) . Switzerland: 1 female, DISAFA-draw1465-HYM-0241 (DISAFA) .