Harpactea alanyana, Oezkuetuek, Recep Sulhi, Elverici, Mert, Marusik, Yuri M. & Kunt, Kadir Bogac, 2015

Oezkuetuek, Recep Sulhi, Elverici, Mert, Marusik, Yuri M. & Kunt, Kadir Bogac, 2015, A new species of Harpactea Bristowe, 1939 from Turkey (Araneae: Dysderidae), Biodiversity Data Journal 3, pp. 4419-4419 : 4419

Harpactea alanyana sp. n.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: R.S. Özkütük; sex: 1 male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country: Turkey; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality: Tasatan Plateau ; verbatimLatitude: 36°38'37.3500"; verbatimLongitude: 032°04'42.0900"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol: sifter; eventDate: 24 April 2011; habitat: pine forest; Record Level: institutionCode: AUZM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: M. Elverici; sex: 1 male, 1 female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country: Turkey; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality: Asmaca Village ; verbatimLatitude: 36°36'32.3000"; verbatimLongitude: 032°03'12.4000"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol: sifter; eventDate: 3 January 2013; habitat: pine forest; Record Level: institutionCode: NHMG; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: M. Elverici; sex: 2 female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country: Turkey; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality: Asmaca Village ; verbatimLatitude: 36°36'32.3000"; verbatimLongitude: 032°03'12.4000"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol: sifter; eventDate: 3 January 2013; habitat: pine forest; Record Level: institutionCode: AUZM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: K.B. Kunt; sex: 1 male, 1 female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country: Turkey; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality: Avsallar Town ; verbatimLatitude: 36°38'21.5000"; verbatimLongitude: 031°45'24.9000"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol: sifter; eventDate: 6 January 2013; habitat: pine forest; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMMU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: K.B. Kunt; sex: 1 male, 1 female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country: Turkey; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality: Avsallar Town ; verbatimLatitude: 36°38'21.5000"; verbatimLongitude: 031°45'24.9000"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol: sifter; eventDate: 6 January 2013; habitat: pine forest; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMMU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaosellai Brignoli, 1978; namePublishedIn: Brignoli P.M. 1978. Ragni di Turchia V. Specie nuove o interessanti, cavernicole ed epigee, di varie famiglie (Araneae). Revue suisse de Zoologie. Vol.85. P.461-541.; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: osellai; taxonomicStatus: accepted; Location: country: Turkey; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Amasya; locality: Borabay Lake ; Event: eventDate: 4 June 1969; Record Level: institutionCode: MCSNV

Description

Measurements [Holotype ♂ / Paratype ♀]: AL 1.88 / 3.00; CL 1.70 / 2.28; CWmax 1.30 / 1.72; CWmin 0.63 / 0.92; AMEd 0.08 / 0.11; PLEd 0.07 / 0.09; PMEd 0.05 / 0.08; ChF 0.28 / 0.40; ChG 0.25 / 0.27; ChL 0.64 / 0.93. Leg measurements are given in (Table 1).

No apparent dimorphism between the sexes except in body sizes. Carapace hexagonal, reddish brown, dull and smooth. Carapace covered with very short, tiny and sparsely distributed setae. AME, PLE and PME closely grouped; AME separated (Fig. 1a, b, c, d). Sternum yellowish. Margins of sternum brownish. Labium, gnathocoxae and chelicerae brownish; darker than sternum. Retrolateral edges at the distal part of the gnathocoxae with dense greyish-light brown setae. Distal part of gnathocoxae retrolaterally sclerotized. Anterior surface of chelicera with blackish, dark brown tubercles, with one seta on each.

Cheliceral groove with four teeth; at retromargin, with a small tooth located at the base of the groove, and with a more developed second tooth a little above the second quarter. Both retromarginal teeth conical and tubercular. Promarginal teeth more strongly developed; the one closer to the base of the cheliceral groove larger and almost twice the size of the other (Fig. 1e, f). Abdomen cylindrical, yellowish; covered with tiny brownish hairs dorsally and ventrally (Fig. 1a).

Legs yellowish brown, covered with tiny brownish hairs on all surface. Leg formula IV, I, II, III. Tarsi with three claws. Paired claws toothed. Paired claws of leg I and II with 7 teeth; leg III and IV with 4 teeth. Scopula weak and in ventral position on the first distal half on 3rd and 4th tarsi and on 4th metatarsus; relatively strongly developed on 3rd metatarsus in ventral position at the first distal half. Coxae III with 1 prolateral spine; coxae IV with 1-2 prolateral spines. Patellae III with 1 spine dorsally. Further details on leg spination are given in (Table 2).

Palp

Bulbus almost oval, yellowish brown, with embolus and two apophyses. An apparent membranous part between the bulb and the distal appendages; embolus hook-shaped, black, almost homogenously sclerotized. Bent anteriorly following the same course as apophysisb. Apophysisa L-shaped, apically well sclerotized, short and strong. Apophysisb separated from the membranous part of the bulbus with a wide angle from the base and orientates anteriorly. Apically blunt, conical and in the shape of a triangular apophysis in retrolateral view (Fig. 2).

Vulva

Distal expansion of spermatheca tenuously developed between distal crest and rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca. Nevertheless, it is more sclerotized at the surface compared to other parts of the anterior spermatheca. Distal crest gradually tapers through the tip. Rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca almost one and a half times the length of the distal crest. Basal transverse part of the anterior spermatheca widens through laterals and narrows through the tips, in the shape of open wings. A ring-shaped strongly sclerotized structure is apparent at the juncture of the rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca and the basal transverse part of the anterior spermatheca. Transverse bar in the shape of a lip. Posterior diverticulum prominent, and in the form of a broad membranous sac (Fig. 3).

Diagnosis

Harpactea alanyana sp. n. can be easily distinguished from all known species of Harpactea by the unique structures of the male and female copulatory organs. The male palp of the new species is similar to that of H. osellai . However, the two species can be easily separated by the shape of the bulb; by having a less curled embolus compared to H. osellai and by the shape of the distal apophysis (Fig. 4a, b). Additionally, the two species also differ in their body sizes and by the morphology of the female vulvae (Fig. 4c).

Etymology

The specific name refers to the type locality (Alanya District, Antalya Province, Turkey).

Distribution

Harpactea alanyana sp. n. is currently known only from the type locality and its vicinity.

Ecology

All specimens were collected from slopes and ridges lying parallel to the coastline, from sea level up to a maximum of around 1200 m on peaks of the Taurides Mountain range, by sifting tree litter of mixed forest with the following species Pinus nigra , Quercus coccifera , Arbutus andrachne , Ceratonia siliqua , etc. Adult males are known to be active from late autumn until the middle of spring, while females are only known from the winter.

Taxon discussion

Brignoli (1978a) placed H. osellai under hombergi group, babori subgroup. A wide or flat embolus and a conspicuous Apa are characteristics of the babori subgroup.

Deeleman-Reinhold (1993) classified Harpactea under four major groups by considering structure of male and female reproductive organs, spination on legs and partly biogeographic distributions of the species. Among these groups, "D. group rubicunda" is characterized by the structure of vulva with a broad and membranous posterior diverticulum on female, and on male generally by the structure of bulb being globular and embolus and conductor (Apa) being massive. Besides, coxae IV and patellae III can have 1 or more spines.

H. alanyana ;

1. Based on the oval bulbus, the massive embolus and apophysisa,

2. the presence of spines on the patellae and coxae,

" H. alanyana " belongs to "D. group rubicunda" by the characters stated above.

Notes

Brignoli (1978a) indicated in the label information that the holotype of H. osellai had been preserved in "The Natural History Museum of Geneva" and the paratype in the "Civic Museum of Natural History of Verona". We incidentally learned that it was the opposite, which means that the male holotype of H. osellai is currently held in the "Civic Museum of Natural History of Verona" and the female paratype is found in "The Natural History Museum of Geneva".