Cephalocyclus iohannisgabrielis Dellacasa & Arriaga-Jiménez, 2020

Dellacasa, Marco & Arriaga-Jiménez, Alfonsina, 2020, Cephalocyclus iohannisgabrielis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico, Zootaxa 4822 (1), pp. 144-150 : 144-148

Cephalocyclus iohannisgabrielis Dellacasa & Arriaga-Jiménez , new species

Figs. 1‒5 .

Type locality. Mexico: Oaxaca: Municipio San Esteban Atatlahuca, Mixteca, Cerro del Aguila environs, 17°07’49.2”N, 97°39’50.1”W, 3219 m ( Fig 7 ) .

Holotype repository. Instituto de Ecología , Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.

Description. Length 7.0‒9.0 mm (holotype length: 8.0 mm); elongate, moderately convex, head and pronotum weakly shiny, elytra dull; elytra with short pubescence on preapical declivity and sides. Head and pronotum piceous, elytra brownish piceous ( Figs. 1–2 , 5 ); clypeal margin and pronotal sides testaceous, legs yellowish brown, antennal club brownish testaceous. Head with epistome feebly gibbous on disc, finely irregularly punctate, punctures coarser and denser laterally, punctures on sides with short setae (50 x); clypeus feeble emarginate, broadly round at sides, thickly bordered, edge upturned, with sparse elongate setae laterally; genae strongly protruding from the eyes, acutely angulate, posteriorly truncate, with elongate sparse setae; frontal suture faint, not tuberculate; frons with sparse irregular punctures. Pronotum transverse, moderately convex, flattened at sides, superficially microreticulate, weakly shiny, with trace of longitudinal medio-basal impression, simply, somewhat irregularly punctate, punctation denser on sides where punctures have short setae (50x); lateral margins weakly arcuate, thickly bordered, edge with sparse short setae; hind angles obtusely rounded; base bisinuate, not bordered. Scutellum small, triangular, sparsely punctate in the basal third. Elytra feebly widened posteriorly; shoulder not denticulate; epipleural margin with elongate setae; striae rather deeply punctate, subcrenulate; interstriae nearly flat, strongly microreticulate, dull, distinctly punctate, punctures almost aligned along striae. Protibiae distally tridentate and proximally serrulate at outer margin; upper surface smooth, lacking punctures. Mesotibiae and metatibiae with strong transverse carinae on outer face, apically fimbriate with spinules elongate and irregularly unequal. Metatibiae superior spur a little longer than first metatarsomere; latter shorter than following three metatarsomeres combined. Claws strong. Abdominal sternites dull, sparsely punctate, punctures setigerous. Pygidium sparsely punctate, punctures granulose apically, setigerous; apical margin finely, densely and elongately ciliate. Epipharynx ( Fig. 3 ) transverse; anterior margin nearly straight; lateral margins strongly rounded; epitorma conical, at each side with a longitudinal row of stout spines; corypha slightly protruding beyond front margin, with apical clump of stout and elongate celtes; pedia densely pubescent with several short, stout, scattered spines; chaetopariae moderately dense and moderately elongate.

Sexual dimorphism. Male: head relatively more transverse; genae relatively more angulate and more strongly protruding from the eyes; pronotum relatively more transverse and less convex, somewhat more sparsely punctate on disc; protibial spur abruptly bent downward, stout and apically truncate; metasternal plate flattened, with a median longitudinal groove, coarsely punctate; aedeagus with parameres rather short, abruptly curved and acute apically in lateral view ( Fig. 4 ). Female: head relatively narrower; genae relatively less angulate and less strongly protruding from the eyes; pronotum narrowed anteriorly, more distinctly convex, more coarsely densely punctate on disc; protibial spur anteriorly directed, slender and regularly acuminate; metasternal plate almost regularly convex, without median longitudinal groove, sparsely superficially punctate.

Type material. Holotype male, allotype female, and 275 paratypes. Mexico: Oaxaca: “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’46.0”N- 097°39’49.7”W, m 3229, 19.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (10 paratypes: 4 DCGI, 6 MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’46.0”N- 097°39’49.7”W, m 3229, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (7 paratypes: 4 DCGI, 3 IEXA); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’46.0”N- 097°39’49.7”W, m 3229, 20.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’46.0”N- 097°39’49.7”W, m 3229, 23.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (4 paratypes: 2 DCGI, 2 FSCA); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’44.3”N- 097°39’50.2”W, m 3217, 19.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (2 paratypes: MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’44.3”N- 097°39’50.2”W, m 3217, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (13 paratypes: 3 CMNC, 3 DCGI, 3 FSCA, 3 IEXA, 1 MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’44.3”N- 097°39’50.2”W, m 3217, 20.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (2 paratypes: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’44.3”N- 097°39’50.2”W, m 3217, 27.VIII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: IEXA); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’44.3”N- 097°39’50.2”W, m 3217, 28.VIII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.4”N- 097°39’43.2”W, m 3232, 20.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.4”N- 097°39’43.2”W, m 3232, 23.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (3 paratypes: MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’43.9”N- 097°39’48.3”W, m 3236, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (5 paratypes: 1 CMNC, 4 MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’43.9”N- 097°39’48.3”W, m 3236, 23.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (4 paratypes: 2 DCGI, 2 MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.8”N- 097°39’48.3”W, m 3242, 23.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.8”N- 097°39’48.3”W, m 3242, 29.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (3 paratypes: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’33.3”N- 097°40’53.6”W, m 3168, 19.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’33.3”N- 097°40’53.6”W, m 3168, 20.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’33.3”N- 097°40’53.6”W, m 3168, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (8 paratypes: 2 CMNC, 3 DCGI, 2 FSCA, 1 IEXA); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’33.3”N- 097°40’53.6”W, m 3168, 27.VIII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’51.2”N- 097°39’50.5”W, m 3234, 19.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (2 paratypes: MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’51.2”N- 097°39’50.5”W, m 3234, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (42 paratypes: 9 CMNC, 9 DCGI, 9 FSCA, 9 IEXA, 6 MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’51.2”N- 097°39’50.5”W, m 3234, 20.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (5 paratypes: 3 DCGI, 2 IEXA); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’51.2”N- 097°39’50.5”W, m 3234, 21.VIII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’51.2”N- 097°39’50.5”W, m 3234, 29.VIII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (2 paratypes: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’49.2”N- 097°39’50.1”W, m 3219, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 male, holotype: IEXA; 1 female, allotype: IEXA; 42 paratypes: 9 CMNC, 9 DCGI, 9 FSCA, 9 IEXA, 6 MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’31.8”N- 097°40’52.0”W, m 3158, 19.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: DCGI); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.0”N- 097°39’46.7”W, m 3241, 20.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: MSNC); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.0”N- 097°39’46.7”W, m 3241, 23.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (2 paratypes: IEXA); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’47.8”N- 097°39’49.2”W, m 3222, 13.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (2 paratypes: IEXA); “ Cerro del Aguila env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’33.6”N- 097°40’54.4”W, m 3165, 19.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (22 paratypes: 4 CMNC, 6 DCGI, 6 FSCA, 3 IEXA, 3 MSNC); “Ndoyocoyo env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°06’21.2”N- 097°42’17.8”W, m 2838, 23.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (4 paratypes: DCGI); “San Esteban Atatlahuca env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’25.3”N- 097°40’29.0”W, m 3154, 17.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (3 paratypes: MSNC); “San Esteban Atatlahuca env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.4”N- 097°39’43.2”W, m 3232, 19.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: DCGI); “San Esteban Atatlahuca env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.4”N- 097°39’43.2”W, m 3232, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (50 paratypes: 9 CMNC, 14 DCGI, 9 FSCA, 9 IEXA, 9 MSNC); “San Esteban Atatlahuca env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.0”N- 097°39’46.7”W, m 3241, 19.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (2 paratypes: DCGI); “San Esteban Atatlahuca env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’41.8”N- 097°39’48.3”W, m 3242, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (7 paratypes: 1 DCGI, 3 IEXA, 3 MSNC); “San Esteban Atatlahuca env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’40.2”N- 097°39’44.9”W, m 3229, 21.VI.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (16 paratypes: 3 CMNC, 3 DCGI, 3 FSCA, 4 IEXA, 3 MSNC); “San Esteban Atatlahuca env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°05’44.9”N- 097°39’34.5”W, m 2504, 27.VIII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: MSNC); “Santa Cruz Nundaco env., Mixteca, M[unici]pio. Santa Cruz Nundaco, 17°07’50.6”N- 097°42’29.5”W, m 2845, 19.VII.2018, leg. Arriaga A., coprotrampa” (1 paratype: MSNC).

Distribution. Oaxaca, Mexico.

Etymology. Named in honor of Giovanni Gabriele, the son of Marco Dellacasa.

Bionomics. Specimens of the type series were collected from the second half of June to the end of August in pitfall traps baited with human excrement. Together with C. iohannisgabrielis , the following species were collected in the same localities, similar habitats and elevations: Pseudogonaphodiellus zdzislawae Dellacasa, Dellacasa, & Gordon, 2007 ( Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Aphodiinae : Aphodiini ), Geotrupes (Onthotrupes) sallei Jekel, 1861 ( Coleoptera : Geotrupidae : Geotrupinae : Geotrupini ), Onthophagus chevrolati Bates, 1889 , O. oaxacanus Zunino & Halffter, 1988 , and O. howdenorum Zunino & Halffter, 1988 ( Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Scarabaeinae : Onthophagini).

During the collections in the southern mountains of Oaxaca (Mixteca and Sierra Sur), C. iohannisgabrielis was only collected in the Mixteca, while another species of Cephalocyclus , C. mexicanus (Harold, 1862) was only collected in Sierra Sur. In these Oaxacan mountains this particular distribution of two closely related species from high altitudes in different massifs has been observed in Geotrupes ( Kohlmann et al. 2018) . As Kohlmann et al. (2018) proposed for Geotrupes , it is also possible that each mountain has its own Cephalocyclus species.

Cephalocyclus iohannisgabrielis is similar to C. pullatus , but can be distinguished from that species by the metatibiae superior spur longer than the first metatarsomere (shorter in C. pullatus ), by the basal elytral margin being pubescent only at the shoulder (pubescent nearly to the scutellum in C. pullatus ), and by the body length (7.0‒9.0 mm in C. iohannisgabrielis and 4.5‒5.0 mm in C. pullatus ).

Figures

FIGURE 5. Habitus of Cephalocyclus iohannisgabrielis (paratype, Cerro del Aguila environs, Mixteca, Municipio San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’51.2”N, 97°39’50.5”W, 3234 m, Oaxaca, Mexico). Photograph by A. Ballerio.

FIGURE 7. Map showing the known distribution of Cephalocyclus iohannisgabrielis.

FIGURES 1–4. Cephalocyclus iohannisgabrielis holotype (Cerro del Aguila environs, Mixteca, Municipio San Esteban Atatlahuca, 17°07’49.2”N, 97°39’50.1”W, 3219 m, Oaxaca, Mexico). 1, Habitus (morphological details); 2, habitus (length ideogram and color); 3, epipharynx; 4, aedeagus (lateral view).