Philonthus biguttulus, Bernhauer, 1908
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1206/0003-0090.265.1.5 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1D1E87B6-FE97-FEE0-FF00-4EDFFCB54874 |
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treatment provided by |
Marcus |
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scientific name |
Philonthus biguttulus |
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biguttulus Bernhauer, 1908 View in CoL , see: kamerunensis Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914 .
biguttulus Fauvel, 1907: 44 ( Philonthus ; variety of imitator ; Type locality: Abyssinie; Escarpment).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 355 ( Philonthus ; variety of sequens ).
— Rambousek, 1922: 1009 ( Philonthus ; variety of sequens ; British East Africa).
— Cameron, 1950g: 36 ( Philonthus ; variety of sequens ; Ruanda).
— Tottenham, 1962: 223, 226 ( Philonthus ; valid species; characters).
- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda.
bilineatus Erichson, 1840 , see: Cafius .
bimaculatus Gravenhorst, 1802 , see: nitidicollis Lacordaire, 1835 .
bimaculatus Marsham, 1802 , see: varians Paykull, 1789 .
binderi Roubal, 1910 , see: japonicus Sharp, 1874 .
binotatus Gravenhorst, 1806: 73 ( Staphylinus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Borussia).
— Erichson, 1840: 506 ( Philonthus ; characters; Prussia).
— Redtenbacher, 1849: 825 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 619 ( Philonthus ; variety of punctus ).
— Redtenbacher, 1857: 197 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Redtenbacher, 1874: 216 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 458 ( Philonthus ; aberration of punctus ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 352 ( Philonthus ; variety of punctus ).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1357 ( Philonthus ; variety of punctus ).
— V. Hansen, 1952: 79 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Palm, 1952: 117 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes).
— Horion, 1954: 10 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).
— Lohse, 1956: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes).
— Smetana, 1958: 225 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology).
— Smetana, 1959: 170 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Palm, 1963b: 97 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Finland).
— Lohse, 1964: 186 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Horion, 1965: 176 ( Philonthus ; Russia; Sweden; Denmark; Holland; Germany; Austria).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 432 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).
— Smetana, 1967d: 208 ( Philonthus ; form of binotatus cited from Mongolia).
— Scheerpeltz, 1968a: 67 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Austria).
— Tikhomirova, 1973a: 184 ( Philonthus ; in checklist for USSR).
— Coiffait, 1974: 214 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark; Scandinavia; Siberia; Mongolia).
— Smetana 1975c: 172 ( Philonthus ; form of binotatus cited from Mongolia).
— Shilov, 1976: 153 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).
— Muona, 1979: 14 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Denmark).
— Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefańska, 1980: 41 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Poland).
— Bangsholt, 1981: 69 ( Philonthus ; Denmark).
— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; Germany; Austria; Denmark).
— Mahler, 1987: 198 ( Philonthus ; Denmark).
— Schülke and Uhlig, 1988: 11 ( Philonthus ; notes; Germany).
— Silfverberg, 1992: 16 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Denmark; Estonia).
— Smetana, 1995e: 9, 445 ( Philonthus ; notes).
— M. Hansen, 1996: 106 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Denmark).
— Hansen, Jørum, Palm, and Pedersen, 1997: 128 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Denmark).
— Hansen, Pedersen, and Pritzl, 1999: 81 ( Philonthus ; Denmark).
— Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefańska, 2000: 50 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; catalog; Poland).
— Herman, 2001: 46 ( Philonthus ; although a junior primary homonym, prevailing use as valid maintained pending outcome of application to Commission under Article 23.9.5).
- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Mongolia.
— Coiffait, 1967a: 393 ( Philonthus ; characters; Mongolia; [Note: Erroneous record according to Schillhammer, 2000: 140]).
— Coiffait, 1974: 224 ( Philonthus ; characters; China; Mongolia; [Note: Mongolia is erroneous record according to Schillhammer, 2000: 140]).
— Shilov, 1976: 148 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia; [Note: Erroneous record according to Schillhammer, 2000: 140]).
— Schillhammer, 2000: 139 ( Philonthus ; characters; China; records in Mongolia are erroneous). - DISTRIBUTION: China.
biskrensis Fagel, 1957e: 332 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Algérie: oasis de Biskra, route de Taoggourt).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 431 ( Philonthus ; characters; Algeria).
— Coiffait, 1974: 197 ( Philonthus ; characters; Algeria).
— Coiffait, 1974: 330 ( Neobisnius ; [Note: Misidentified as hauseri according to Gusarov, 1995a: 93 [= 1996: 55]; characters; Buchara; Kazakstan).
— Maachi, 1991: 251 ( Philonthus ; Morocco).
— Gusarov, 1995a: 93 [= 1996: 55] ( Philonthus ; characters; synonymic notes; Algeria; Iran; France; Turkmenia; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Mongolia).
- DISTRIBUTION: France, Morocco, Algeria, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia.
iranicus Scheerpeltz, 1961: 22 ( Neobisnius ; Type locality: Iran: Khuzistan , Shush, [Susa]).
— Coiffait, 1974: 330 ( Neobisnius ; characters; Iran).
— Gusarov, 1995a: 93 [= 1996: 55] ( Philonthus ; lectytype designation; synonym of biskrensis ).
basipennis Coiffait, 1967a: 439 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: environs de Maku dans le Nord-Ouest de l’Iran).
— Coiffait, 1974: 197 ( Philonthus ; characters; Iran).
— Gusarov, 1995a: 93 [= 1996: 55] ( Philonthus ; synonym of biskrensis ).
bicolor Drugmand, 1990: 213 ( Neobisnius ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Turkmenistan: Repetek ).
— Gusarov, 1995a: 93 [= 1996: 55] ( Philonthus ; synonym of biskrensis ).
bistriatus Erichson, 1840 , see: Cafius .
bituminosus † Heyden and Heyden, 1866: 135 ( Philonthus ; Oligocene fossil; Type locality: Braunkohle des Siebengebirges).
— Scudder, 1891: 566 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Aquitanian; Prussia).
— Handlirsch, 1907: 726 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Oligocene; Rheinland).
- DISTRIBUTION: Germany.
blossius Smetana, 1995e: 363 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Quebec: Pte. Gatineau. Also cited from Ontario, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin).
- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.
bodemeyeri Eppelsheim, 1881 , see: caerulescens Lacordaire, 1835 .
bojeri † Heer, 1856: 17 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Aix, Provence; Fossil).
— Oustalet, 1874: 169 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— Scudder, 1891: 566 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Ligurian; France).
— Handlirsch, 1907: 725 ( Philonthus ; cited as boyeri; catalog; Oligocene; France).
- DISTRIBUTION: France.
bolivianus Bernhauer, 1916c: 35 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bolivien: Coroico , 1800 m).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Bolivia.
bonariensis Bernhauer, 1909c: 245 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Argentinien: Buenos Aires).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Frank, 1982: 38 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
- DISTRIBUTION: Argentina.
bonus Tottenham, 1962: 207 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nigeria: Potiskum ).
- DISTRIBUTION: Nigeria.
borneensis Bernhauer, 1915 i: 254 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sarawak).
— Bernhauer, 1928: 16 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Cameron, 1933d: 386 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).
— Frank, 1982: 38 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
- DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia, Indonesia.
boreas Smetana, 1995e: 450 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Northwest Territories: Inuvik. Also cited from Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland , Yukon Territory, Alaska, Colorado, Nevada).
- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.
bos Tottenham, 1962: 177 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Natal: Nqutu).
- DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.
bothellensis Hatch, 1957 , see: carbonarius Gravenhorst, 1802 .
bottegoi Eppelsheim, 1895: 207 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ganale Gudda, Arussi Galla).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia.
boucardi Solsky, 1868 , see: fibularius Erichson, 1840 .
brachypterus Solsky, 1872: 297 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cayenne).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: French Guiana.
brasilianus Bernhauer, 1916c: 40 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Brasilien: S. Paulo, Ypiranga).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Brazil.
brevicornis Gravenhorst, 1802 , see: ebeninus Gravenhorst, 1802 .
brevipennis Horn, 1884 , see: Gabrius .
brevis Melsheimer, 1844 , see: sericans Gravenhorst, 1802 .
brevithorax Bernhauer, 1934: 8 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Szechuan: Nitou Tatsienlu).
— Schillhammer, 2000: 147 ( Philonthus ; characters; China; India; Nepal; Bhutan).
— Schillhammer and Smetana, 2000: 179 ( Philonthus ; characters; teratological features; China). - DISTRIBUTION: China, Nepal, Bhutan, India.
brincki Scheerpeltz, 1974: 143 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Basutoland: Mokhotlong, 7200 ft.). - DISTRIBUTION: Lesotho.
broumandi Boháč, 1981: 357 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Khouzestan: Dezfoul, Haft-tapeh,
20 m).
- DISTRIBUTION: Iran.
brouni Duvivier, 1883 , see: Bisnius .
brounianus Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914, see: novaezeelandiae Duvivier, 1883. brunneipennis Gerhardt, 1899 , see: micans Gravenhorst, 1802 .
brunneipennis Quedenfeldt, 1882 , see: quisquiliarius Gyllenhal, 1810 .
brunneus Gravenhorst, 1802 , see: sericans Gravenhorst, 1802 .
brunnicollis Hochhuth, 1851 , see: Rabigus .
buanaensis Last, 1968: 370 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Buana , Sarawaged Range, 3000 ft., 20–30 miles north of Lae).
— Last, 1987: 31 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
bucephalus Horn, 1884 , see: perversus Horn, 1884 .
bucharensis Coiffait, 1967 , see: Bisnius .
buchari Boháč, 1977 , see: spinipes Sharp, 1874 .
buettikeri Coiffait, 1979 , see: arabicus Bernhauer, 1935 .
bulbifer Tottenham, 1956a: 242 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cape Colony: Simon’s Town ).
- DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.
buphthalmus Scheerpeltz, 1957c: 234 , 319 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sumba: Kodi).
- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.
burgeoni Bernhauer, 1928 , see: Gabrius .
burgeonianus Bernhauer, 1934 g: 237 ( Pseudophilonthus ; Type locality: Baudouinville).
— Levasseur, 1968a: 53 ( Philonthus ; Central African Republic).
- DISTRIBUTION: Congo, Central African Republic.
buruensis Cameron, 1942c: 844 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Boeroe: Ilat).
- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.
busiris Smetana, 1995e: 358 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ontario: 5 mi. NW South March. Also cited from Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming).
- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.
caedator Tottenham, 1949b: 337 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Haute-Uele: Watsa).
- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.
caeruleipennis Mannerheim, 1830: 27 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: This name was proposed for cyanipennis from America characterized by Gravenhorst who attributed the species
to Fabricius]; Type locality: America septentr.; [Note: See lectotype designation by Schillhammer, 1998]).
— Gravenhorst, 1802: 168 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; characters; America septentr.).
— Say, 1830: 38 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; characters).
— Mannerheim, 1831: 441 ( Staphylinus ; America septentrionalis).
— Say, 1834: 451 ( Staphylinus ; provisional identification; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; United States).
— Nordmann, 1837: 80 ( Philonthus ; cited as coeruleipennis ; characters; America borealis).
— Erichson, 1840: 433 ( Philonthus ; cited as coeruleipennis ; synonym of cyanipennis ).
— LeConte, 1850: 220 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; Lake Superior).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 574 ( Philonthus ; cited as coeruleipennis ; synonym of cyanipennis ).
— Provancher, 1877: 249 ( Philonthus ; characters; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; Quebec).
— Horn, 1884: 208 ( Philonthus ; characters; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; eastern United States).
— Sharp, 1889: 35 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; Japan).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 444 ( Philonthus ; cited as coeruleipennis ; synonym of cyanipennis ).
— Blatchley, 1910: 387 ( Philonthus ; characters; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; Indiana).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 ( Philonthus ; cited as coeruleipennis ; synonym of cyanipennis ).
— Hatch, 1957: 195 ( Philonthus ; characters; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; British Columbia).
— Smetana, 1958: 161 ( Philonthus ; cited as coeruleipennis ; synonym of cyanipennis ).
— Nakane, 1963: A239 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; Japan).
— Nakane, 1963a: 90 ( Philonthus ; characters; habitus photograph; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ];
— Watanabe and Shibata, 1965: 321 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; Japan).
— Coiffait, 1974: 225 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).
— Dearborn and Donahue, 1993: 15 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; Maine).
— Hayashi, 1994: 121 ( Philonthus ; characters; [Note: Misidentification: Cited as cyanipennis
but according to work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 it is probably caeruleipennis ]; Japan).
— Smetana, 1995e: 117 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Cited as cyanipennis but in a footnote Smetana reported that cyanipennis is restricted to Eurasia and caeruleipennis is a valid species from Japan and North America]; characters; Alabama; Arkansas; Connecticut; Georgia; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Kentucky; Louisiana; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi; Missouri; Nebraska; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York;
North Carolina; Ohio; Oklahoma; Pennsylvania; South Carolina; South Dakota; Tennessee; Texas; Vermont; Virginia; West Virginia; Wisconsin).
— Levesque and Levesque, 1996: 292 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Cited as cyanipennis but according to Smetana, 1995e: 117 all the records in America are actually caeruleipennis ]; seasonal abundance; Quebec).
— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 380 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Cited as cyanipennis but according to Smetana, 1995e: 117 all the records in America are actually caeruleipennis ]; characters; USA).
— Schillhammer, 1998: 105 ( Philonthus ; valid species; lectotype designation; characters; Japan; Russia) .
— Schmidt, 1999: 108 ( Philonthus ; food for adults and larvae used for rearing species; rearing methods).
- DISTRIBUTION: eastern Russia, Japan, Canada, USA.
laterangulus Schillhammer, 1998: 106 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of caeruleipennis ; Type locality: USSR: Primorskij Kraj, Arsenev env.).
caerulescens Lacordaire, 1835: 393 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Paris).
— Erichson, 1839a: 450 ( Philonthus ; synonym of atratus ).
— Erichson, 1840: 439 ( Philonthus ; synonym of atratus ).
— Fauvel, 1869: 488 ( Philonthus ; synonym of atratus ).
— Eppelsheim, 1892: 332 ( Philonthus ; Turkestan).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 446 ( Philonthus ; aberration of atratus ).
— Reitter, 1909: 126 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; characters; Germany).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; catalog).
— Gusmann, 1925: 57 ( Philonthus ; valid species).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; catalog).
— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).
— Suomalainen, 1941 ( Philonthus ; characters; Finland).
— Smetana, 1958: 169 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).
— Smetana, 1959: 147 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Lohse, 1964: 177 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; characters; central Europe).
— Horion, 1965: 130 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; France; Spain; Switzerland; Italy; Slovenia; Bosnia Hercegovina; Montenegro; Romania; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Poland; Ukraine; Austria; Germany; Caucasus).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 393 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; characters; Europe).
— Raianu, 1968a: 464 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; Romania).
— Coiffait, 1974: 249 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; characters; Europe; Scandinavia; Britain).
— Bordoni and Carfi, 1978 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; note on peg setae of aedeagus).
— Tóth, 1984: 49 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; characters).
— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France).
— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 165 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; characters). — Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; cited as coerulescens ; Italy).
- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Caucasus.
bodemeyeri Eppelsheim, 1881a: 376 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mehadia in Süd-Ungarn).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 446 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria; Hungary; Caucasus; Spain).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; synonym of coerulescens ).
— Gusmann, 1925: 57 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caerulescens , cited as coerulescens ).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caerulescens , cited as coerulescens ).
— Smetana, 1958: 169 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caerulescens , cited as coerulescens ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 249 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caerulescens ).
caffer Boheman, 1848: 280 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Caffraria orientalis).
— Fauvel, 1907: 45 ( Philonthus ; Nairobi; Orange; Transvaal; Cape).
— Bernhauer, 1908c: 110 ( Philonthus ; German Southwest Africa).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Bernhauer, 1915n: 319 ( Philonthus ; German Southwest Africa).
— Bernhauer, 1940b: 635 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Cephalonthus ).
— Bernhauer, 1942c: 361 ( Philonthus ; Cameroon).
— Tottenham, 1949b: 333 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Tottenham, 1962: 223, 225 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1974: 145 ( Philonthus ; South Africa; Basutoland; South West Africa).
- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Cameroon, Namibia, South Africa, Lesotho.
caffer Sachse, 1852: 142 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Vorgeb. d. g. Hoffnung).
— Fauvel, 1907: 45 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caffer Boheman ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caffer ).
capensis Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 586 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for caffer Sachse ).
— Fauvel, 1907: 45 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caffer Boheman ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caffer ).
caffer Sachse, 1852 , see: caffer Boheman, 1848 .
cailleuxi Levasseur, 1980: 363 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: République Centrafricaine: Bangonran , SW de Ndélé).
- DISTRIBUTION: Central African Republic.
calidus Harold, 1881 , see: natalensis Boheman, 1848 .
caliensis Bernhauer, 1916c: 33 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: West-Columbien: Umgebung von Cali in Caucatale).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Colombia.
californicus Mannerheim, 1843 , see: furvus Nordmann, 1837 .
callosipennis Scheerpeltz, 1960c: 100 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bolivien: Cochabamba,
in den Yungas de Palmar, 2000 m).
- DISTRIBUTION: Bolivia.
cambeforti Lecoq, 1989: 93 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Lamto , Côte d’Ivoire).
- DISTRIBUTION: Ivory Coast.
cameroni Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for fraternus Cameron ).
- DISTRIBUTION: India.
fraternus Cameron, 1926b: 354 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Simla Hills; Kotgarh, 7000 feet).
— Cameron, 1932: 121 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cameroni ).
cameroni Pajni and Kohli, 1977 , see: malcolmi Herman, 2001 .
cameronianus Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for rufiventris Cameron ).
- DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka.
rufiventris Cameron, 1918b: 170 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Ceylon, Kandy ).
— Cameron, 1932: 122 ( Philonthus ; characters; Ceylon).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cameronianus ).
canariensis Fauvel, 1898 , see: Gabrius .
candens Erichson, 1840 , see: Belonuchus .
candidus Last, 1968 , see: Hesperus .
canescens Mäklin, 1852 , see: Cafius .
cantonneti Levasseur, 1962a: 54 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kolwezi , Katanga).
- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.
capeneri Last, 1953: 115 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Natal: Mtunzini).
— Tottenham, 1962: 138, 183 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Uganda).
- DISTRIBUTION: Uganda, South Africa.
capensis Gemminger and Harold, 1868 , see: caffer Boheman, 1848 .
capitalis Sharp, 1876 , see: Paederomimus .
capito Cameron, 1952: 248 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Snow Mountains:
Mist Camp, 1800 m).
— Last, 1968: 372 ( Philonthus ; New Guinea).
— Last, 1987: 31 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
capizzii Hatch, 1957 , see: Gabrius .
captivus Levasseur, 1966b: 1497 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: région de Kolwezi, Katanga, Musonoie).
- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.
carbonarius Gravenhorst, 1802: 23 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Germany; [ Note : See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]. Originally no locality cited).
— Latreille, 1804: 313 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany).
— Gravenhorst, 1806: 67 ( Staphylinus ).
— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 321 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland).
— Mannerheim, 1830: 28 ( Staphylinus ; Finland).
— Mannerheim, 1831: 442 ( Staphylinus ; Finland).
— Stephens, 1832: 230 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).
— Lacordaire, 1835: 393 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).
— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Nordmann, 1837: 82 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Germany).
— Erichson, 1839a: 455 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Stephens, 1839: 395 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).
— Erichson, 1840: 447 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Jacobsen, 1849: 688 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Hochhuth, 1849: 133 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Hochhuth, 1849: 136 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Redtenbacher, 1849: 824 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 516 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 584 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Fauvel, 1874: 217 [= 1874a: 443] ( Philonthus ; characters; France; Italy).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 448 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Montandon, 1908: 80 ( Philonthus ; Romania).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Cameron, 1928c: 563 ( Philonthus ; Sikkim).
— Portevin, 1929: 359 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).
— Aleksandrov, 1934: 153 ( Philonthus ; China).
— Tottenham, 1939d: 231 ( Philonthus ; suggests abandoning name).
— Scheerpeltz, 1944a: 145, 145 ( Philonthus ; illustrations).
— V. Hansen, 1952: 52 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Smetana, 1958: 166 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).
— Smetana, 1959: 148 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 128 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Smetana, 1962a: 131 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Palm, 1963b: 68 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).
— Lohse, 1964: 178 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Horion, 1965: 139 ( Philonthus ; widespread in northern and central Europe to southern Europe; Portugal; Bosnia Hercegovina; Serbia).
— Pototskaia, 1966: 158 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Pototskaia, 1967: 63 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 400 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Raianu, 1968a: 462 ( Philonthus ; Romania).
— Szujecki, 1968a: 727 ( Philonthus ; Poland).
— Coiffait, 1974: 252 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palaearctic region).
— Osella and Zanetti, 1975: 109 ( Philonthus ; collected from nest of Talpa europaea ; notes; Italy).
— Shilov, 1975a: 375 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).
— Scheerpeltz, 1976a: 87 ( Philonthus ; Nepal).
— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 293 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Topp, 1979: 6 ( Philonthus ; development; diapause).
— Grigo and Topp, 1980: 22 ( Philonthus ; influence of temperature and photoperiod on oxygen consumption in diapause and non-diapause).
— Boller, 1983: 120 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Tóth, 1984: 52 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).
— Segers, 1987a: 180, 182 ( Philonthus ; cephalic, ocular, and elytral aberrations; Belgium).
— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).
— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 165 ( Philonthus ; note).
— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 62 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— J. Li, 1993: 37 ( Philonthus ; China).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Smetana, 1995e: 137 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation; characters; notes; British Columbia; Manitoba; New Brunswick; Newfoundland ; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Prince Edward Island; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Yukon Territory; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Delaware; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Louisiana; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Minnesota; Missouri; Montana; Nebraska; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; Ohio; Oklahoma; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Rhode Island; Utah; Virginia; Washington; West Virginia; Wisconsin) .
— Levesque and Levesque, 1996: 292 ( Philonthus ; seasonal abundance; Quebec).
— Ryabukhin, 1999: 62 ( Philonthus ; catalog; habitat; distribution; northeastern Russia).
— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).
— Marchal and Chardonnet, 2000: 71 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).
— Assing, 2001: 75 ( Philonthus ; collected from xerothermous site; Germany).
- DISTRIBUTION: Algeria, Canary Islands, Europe, Russia, Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, India, Nepal, China, Canada, USA.
dubius Gravenhorst, 1806: 74 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Parisiae?).
— Nordmann, 1837: 90 ( Philonthus ; France).
— Erichson, 1840: 448 ( Philonthus ; synonym of bimaculatus ).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 584 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).
— Jeannel and Jarrige, 1949: 375 ( Philonthus ; cave species; France).
— V. Hansen, 1952: 55 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Hatch, 1957: 197 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Gravenhorst cited as author]; characters; British Columbia; Washington; Oregon; Idaho).
— Smetana, 1958: 184 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).
— Smetana, 1959: 150 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1960d: 135 ( Philonthus ; Portugal).
— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 128 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 420 ( Philonthus ; Greece).
— Palm, 1963b: 72 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).
— Lohse, 1964: 179 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Smetana, 1964d: 75 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czechoslovakia).
— Raianu, 1964: 103 ( Philonthus ; Romania).
— Smetana, 1965: 15 ( Philonthus ; notes; Miquelon; St. Pierre; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland).
— Horion, 1965: 144 ( Philonthus ; all Europe).
— Pototskaia, 1966: 156 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Pototskaia, 1967: 57 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Raianu, 1968a: 466 ( Philonthus ; Romania).
— Szujecki, 1968a: 729 ( Philonthus ; Poland).
— Coiffait, 1974: 252 ( Philonthus ; synonym of carbonarius ).
— Shilov, 1975a: 375 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).
— Pope, 1977: 30 ( Philonthus ; Britain).
— Hinton, 1981: 660 ( Philonthus ; characters of egg).
— Frank, 1982: 44 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
— Boller, 1983: 119 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Tóth, 1984: 55 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).
— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).
— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 165 ( Philonthus ; synonym of carbonarius ).
— Welch, 1993: 228 ( Philonthus ; ovariole number and ovary structure).
— M. Morgan, 1993: 56 ( Philonthus ; congregation; Britain).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; synonym of carbonarius ).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; synonym of carbonarius ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 137 ( Philonthus ; synonym of carbonarius ).
— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 377 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Gravenhorst cited as author]; characters; USA).
— Owen, 1997a: 149 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; collecting sites; Ireland).
— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).
picatus Stephens, 1832: 220 ( Quedius ; Type locality: London; Suffolk; Devonshire; [ Note : See lectotype designation by Smetana and Herman, 1999]).
— Stephens, 1839: 391 ( Quedius ; characters; England).
— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fumigatus ).
— Smetana and Herman, 1999: 298 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: type locality not stated; synonym of carbonarius ).
chalcopterus Stephens, 1832: 231 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Norfolk; Suffolk).
— Stephens, 1839: 395 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
— Hardy, 1851: 27 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).
nigroaeneus Stephens, 1832: 232 ( Philonthus ; cited as a variety of chalcopterus as “variety β. Ph. nigroaeneus ”; Type locality: Norfolk; Suffolk).
tanaicus Hochhuth, 1851: 14 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Don-Gebiet; [Note: See lectotype designation by Gusarov, 1992a]).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
caribaeus Bierig, 1940a: 141 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cuba: Provincia de la Habana y
de Pinar del Rio).
— Blackwelder, 1943: 415 ( Philonthus ; republication of original description; Cuba).
- DISTRIBUTION: West Indies.
carinulatus Sharp, 1885: 402 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico, Jalapa; Oaxaca, Las Vigas). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.
caroli Last, 1973: 427 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madang).
— Last, 1987: 31 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
carpenteri Bernhauer, 1937: 301 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Uganda: Kigezi , 6800 ft.).
— Bernhauer, 1940: 136 ( Philonthus ; Uganda).
— Tottenham, 1949b: 309 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Tottenham, 1956: 226, 278 ( Philonthus ; notes; Ruanda).
— Tottenham, 1962: 163 ( Philonthus ; characters).
- DISTRIBUTION: Uganda, Rwanda.
castaneicollis Lea, 1931: 371 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Finsch Haven).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
castaneipennis Kraatz, 1859 , see: Erichsonius .
castaneipennis Cameron, 1918: 87 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Singapore: Mandai ).
— Cameron, 1921a: 376, 405 ( Philonthus ; characters; Singapore).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Singapore.
castanopterus Stephens, 1832 , see: see: rubripennis Stephens, 1832 .
castaneus Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 586 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for badius Motschulsky ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Cameron, 1932: 99 ( Philonthus ; characters; East Indies).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Biswas, 1986: 127 ( Philonthus ; India).
- DISTRIBUTION: “East Indies”.
badius Motschulsky, 1858: 661 ( Gabrius ; [Note: Preoccupied as secondary homonym]; Type locality: Indes orientales).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; synonym of castaneus ).
— Cameron, 1932: 99 ( Philonthus ; synonym of castaneus ).
— Cameron, 1934d: 79 ( Philonthus ; synonym of castaneus ).
— Cameron, 1940: 89 ( Philonthus ; characters; synonym of castaneus ).
castor Jarrige, 1970: 51 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar: Mt. Tsaratanana , 1500 m).
— Jarrige, 1978: 289 ( Philonthus ; Madagascar).
— Lecoq, 1998: 70 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Piezarthrus ; characters; Madagascar).
- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.
catamarcanus Bernhauer, 1916c: 36 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Argentinien:
Prov. Catamarca).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Argentina.
densior Bernhauer, 1916c: 36 ( Philonthus ; variety of catamarcanus ; Type locality:
Provinz Tucuman).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; variety of catamarcanus ).
caucasicus Nordmann, 1837: 99 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: provinciae Caucasicae).
— Erichson, 1840: 466 ( Philonthus ; characters; Asia occidentalis).
— Hochhuth, 1849: 143 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Redtenbacher, 1849: 704 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 597 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Redtenbacher, 1857: 194 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Hochhuth, 1862: 60 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia).
— Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 587 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Fauvel, 1874: 233 [= 1874a: 459] ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Redtenbacher, 1874: 213 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 17 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Tottenham, 1939d: 233 ( Philonthus ; replace preoccupied dimidiatus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 176 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 168 ( Philonthus ; note).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).
— Smetana, 1995e: 211 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba; Ontario; Quebec; Saskatchewan; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Idaho; Massachusetta; Minnesota; Montana; Nevada; New York; Oregon; Texas; Utah; Washington; Wisconsin).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; Italy?).
- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, “Karakorum region”, India, Mongolia, Canada, USA.
dimidiatus C. Sahlberg, 1830: 326 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Preoccupied; this name was a secondary homonym of Paederus dimidiatus Panzer, 1795 , when both names were
in Philonthus . Tottenham (1939d: 233) recognized that fact and cited P. caucasicus ,
a junior synonym of P. dimidiatus , as the valid name of the species. Furthermore, the Sahlberg name evidently is a junior primary homonym of Staphylinus dimidiatus Say, 1830 , which may have been published August 20, 1830 (Bousquet, 1993), whereas the month of publication for the Sahlberg name is December as no month has been specified for the work]; Type locality: Willnäs).
— Mannerheim, 1830: 30 ( Staphylinus ; Finland).
— Mannerheim, 1831: 444 ( Staphylinus ; Finland).
— Nordmann, 1837: 97 ( Philonthus ; characters; Finland).
— Erichson, 1840: 480 ( Philonthus ; characters; Finland).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 597 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Hochhuth, 1862: 61 ( Philonthus ; notes; Russia).
— Fauvel, 1874: 233 [= 1874a: 459] ( Philonthus ; characters; Finland; Prussia; Austria; Russia; Caucasus; Cyprus; Iran; Buchara; Siberia; western Asia).
— Seidlitz, 1875: 276 ( Philonthus ; variety of quisquiliarius ; characters; Baltic region).
— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 449 [= 1877: 305] ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 17 ( Philonthus ; characters; Finland).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; characters; eastern Europe; eastern Mediterranean region; central Siberia).
— Reitter, 1909: 129 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Gridelli, 1922a: 176 ( Philonthus ; characters; Persia).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).
— Gridelli, 1934: 74 ( Philonthus ; Karakoram region).
— Tottenham, 1939d: 233 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caucasicus ; preoccupied).
— Smetana, 1953: 118 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).
— Hatch, 1957: 187 ( Philonthus ; characters; Washington; Oregon).
— Smetana, 1958: 176 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).
— Smetana, 1959: 156 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Palm, 1963b: 84 ( Philonthus ; characters; Finland).
— Lohse, 1964: 182 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Horion, 1965: 155 ( Philonthus ; Finland; Russia; Ukraine; Hungary; Czechoslovakia; Austria;
— Smetana, 1966: 330 ( Philonthus ; Czechoslovakia).
— Pototskaia, 1966: 156 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Pototskaia, 1967: 61 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 415 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; North Africa; Caucasus; Siberia).
— Szujecki, 1968a: 728 ( Philonthus ; Poland).
— Szujecki, 1969a: 256 ( Philonthus ; notes; Poland).
— Jarrige, 1971: 495 ( Philonthus ; Iran).
— Coiffait, 1974: 258 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Finland; Mediterranean region; Caucasus; Persia; Turkestan; Siberia).
— Smetana 1975c: 170 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).
— Shilov, 1976: 149 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).
— Coiffait, 1979d: 552 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).
— Coiffait, 1982: 29 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; India).
— Coiffait, 1983e: 478 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).
— Tóth, 1984: 67 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; France). — Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 168 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caucasicus ).
— Gusarov, 1992a: 785 [= 1993a: 74] ( Philonthus ; synonymic notes; cited as valid species).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caucasicus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caucasicus ).
— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 378 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).
— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).
rutilipennis Hochhuth, 1851: 13 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Rossia borealis; [Note: See lectotype designation by Gusarov, 1992a]).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 354 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1359 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 437 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia).
— Coiffait, 1974: 303 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ?; characters; Russia; Siberia).
— Shilov, 1975a: 376 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).
— Gusarov, 1992a: 786 [= 1993a: 75] ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ; lectotype designation: Ross. b.).
— Smetana, 1995e: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caucasicus ).
apicalis Leinberg, 1900a: 184 ( Philonthus ; variety of dimidiatus ; Type locality: Helsingfors).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 177 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ).
— Smetana, 1959: 156 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ; characters).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 415 ( Philonthus ; aberration of apicalis ; characters).
— Coiffait, 1974: 258 ( Philonthus ; variety of dimdiatus).
— Tóth, 1984: 67 ( Philonthus ; variety of dimidiatus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caucasicus ).
unicolor Leinberg, 1900a: 184 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Helsingfors).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 177 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimidiatus ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 258 ( Philonthus ; synonym of dimdiatus).
— Smetana, 1995e: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caucasicus ).
heinemanni Bernhauer, 1913: 130 ( Philonthus ; variety of dimidiatus ; Type locality: Braunschweig).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 177 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ).
— Smetana, 1959: 156 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ; characters).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 415 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ; characters).
— Szujecki, 1968a: 728 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ; Poland).
— Szujecki, 1969a: 256 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ; notes; Poland).
— Coiffait, 1974: 258 ( Philonthus ; variety of dimdiatus).
— Tóth, 1984: 67 ( Philonthus ; aberration of dimidiatus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of caucasicus ).
— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of dimidiatus ; Kazakhstan).
caurinus Horn, 1884: 203 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: California; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]. Originally cited from Vancouver to northern California). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Hatch, 1957: 186 ( Philonthus ; characters; British Columbia; Idaho; Washington; Oregon).
— Smetana, 1995e: 364 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: Cal [California]; characters; notes; British Columbia; California; Idaho; Oregon; Washington) .
- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.
cautus Erichson, 1840: 446 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Carolina meridionalis; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).
— Horn, 1884: 188 ( Philonthus ; characters; Carolina; Georgia; Florida).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Woodruff, 1982: 27, 38 ( Philonthus ; in Gopher Tortoise burrows; notes; Florida).
— Smetana, 1995e: 181 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: Carolina meridionalis; characters; Alabama; Arkansas; Florida; Georgia; Louisiana; Maryland; Mississippi; North Carolina;
South Carolina; Texas; Virginia).
- DISTRIBUTION: USA.
cavifrons Sharp, 1885: 408 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Panama.
celatus Sharp, 1885: 420 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico, Mirador, Oaxaca, Tehuacan, Yolos , Cuernavaca ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.
celebensis Cameron, 1942c: 843 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: S. Celebes: Lompa-Battau ).
- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.
celer Gravenhorst, 1806 , see: ventralis Gravenhorst, 1802 .
centralis Sharp, 1885: 422 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico, Jalapa; Guatemala,
San Geronimo; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Frank, 1982: 38 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, Guatemala, Panama.
cephalicus Casey, 1915 , see: Bisnius .
cerambus Smetana, 1995e: 101 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Mexico: Linclon N. F., 1 mi. SE Cloudcroft, 8750 ft. Also cited from Alberta, Arizona , Colorado , Utah, Wyoming). - DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.
cervicalis Casey, 1915 , see: longicornis Stephens, 1832 .
cervicornis Schubert, 1911 , see: Prionophilonthus .
cervus Tottenham, 1956: 289 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ruanda: terr. Kibuye , Yanina,
2300 m).
- DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda.
chalceipennis Fauvel, 1878 , see: quisquiliarius Gyllenhal, 1810 .
chalceus Stephens, 1832: 227 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Nomen dubium; most previous uses of chalceus refer to succicola ]; Type locality: London).
— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Stephens, 1839: 394 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).
— Hardy, 1851: 25 ( Philonthus ; notes; England).
— Bernhauer, 1926g: 2 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Based on Tottenham, 1937a, probably a misidentifi-
cation]; Kamchatka region).
— Cameron, 1932: 80 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Based on Tottenham, 1937a, probably a misidentification]; characters; India).
— Tottenham, 1937a: 190 ( Philonthus ; according to Stephens’ description, this species refers either to laminatus or intermedius ; type series includes four species namely, laminatus , intermedius , carbonarius and chalceus ; [Note: No decision was reached concerning the disposition of chalceus Stephens ]).
— Tottenham, 1939d: 232 ( Philonthus ; [Note: After discussing chalceus and removing the species that had been listed as synonyms nothing was decided about chalceus , the name was left in limbo; Ganglbauer’s 1895 use of chalceus was regarded as referring to succicola , no specific mention was made of other usages of chalceus ]).
— Smetana, 1967d: 202 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Based on Tottenham, 1937a, probably a misidentification]; Mongolia).
— Scheerpeltz, 1976a: 87 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Based on Tottenham, 1937a, probably a misidentification]; Nepal).
— Shilov, 1976: 148 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Based on Tottenham, 1937a, probably a misidentification]; Mongolia).
— Coiffait, 1982a: 233 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Based on Tottenham, 1937a, probably a misidentification]; Nepal).
- DISTRIBUTION: Britain.
chalcopterus Stephens, 1832 , see: carbonarius Gravenhorst, 1802 .
chalybeipennis W. J. MacLeay, 1873 , see: Quedius .
championi Sharp, 1885: 427 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Panama, Peña Blanca 3000 to
4000 feet).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Panama.
chandigarhensis Pajni and Kohli, 1977: 515 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: India: Chandigarh, University Campus ).
- DISTRIBUTION: India.
chapmani Bernhauer, 1939 , see: Gabrius .
chappuisi Bernhauer, 1939a: 84 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kenya: Mt. Aberdare , vers. Ouest , Mais. forest. Kinangop, 2600 m).
- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.
chatterjeei Cameron, 1926b: 356 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mussorie District; Arni Gad).
— Cameron, 1932: 115 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: India.
cheesmani Cameron, 1937a: 101 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Diene,
alt. 1200 ft.).
— Last, 1968: 347 ( Philonthus ; New Guinea).
— Last, 1987: 31 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
chehirensis Bernhauer, 1935a: 46 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Klein-Asien: Ak-Chehir).
- DISTRIBUTION: Turkey.
chilensis Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914 , see: Loncovilius .
chilenus Bernhauer, 1939 , see: Philonthellus .
chinensis Bernhauer, 1916e: 30 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kiautschau).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 413 ( Philonthus ; characters; China).
— Coiffait, 1974: 291 ( Philonthus ; characters; China).
- DISTRIBUTION: China.
chiriquensis Sharp, 1885: 404 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui between 4000 and 6000 feet).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Panama.
chlorinus Tottenham, 1939 , see: gracilior Casey, 1915 .
chlorocephalus Solsky, 1872: 301 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cayenne).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: French Guinea.
chloropterus Bernhauer, 1939a: 82 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kenya: Camp III de l’Elgo, zone de Bruyeres, est, 3500 m).
— Tottenham, 1962: 135, 161, 166 ( Philonthus ; characters; Kenya).
- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.
chonrima Hayashi, 1993 , see: prolatus Sharp, 1874 .
chopardi Cameron, 1950b: 214 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Agadez; Téouar, 800–900 m; Monts Tarraouaji , 900 m).
— Cameron, 1952d: 824 ( Philonthus ; Mauritania; Senegal; Niger; Dahomey).
— Cameron, 1952e: 832 ( Philonthus ; Dahomey).
— Lecoq, 1990: 199 ( Philonthus ; notes; Mascarene Islands).
- DISTRIBUTION: Morocco, Mauritania, Senegal, Benin, Niger, Sudan, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Mascarene Islands, Yemen, Saudi Arabia.
misor Tottenham, 1953: 146 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cape Colony: Uitenhage. Also
cited from Sudan, Nyassa, Yemen, Rhodesia; N.W. Rhodesia, Mashonaland, German East Africa).
— Tottenham, 1962: 138, 194 ( Philonthus ; notes; Tanganyika).
— Coiffait, 1966b: 338 ( Philonthus ; Mauritania; Senegal).
— Levasseur, 1966a: 1213 ( Philonthus ; Congo; Sudan; Nyassa; Tanganyika; Kenya; Arabia; Zaire; Rhodesia; Cape).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 424 ( Philonthus ; characters; Africa).
— Coiffait, 1974: 202 ( Philonthus ; characters; Morocco).
— Lecoq, 1990: 199 ( Philonthus ; synonym of chopardi ).
christiei Bernhauer, 1920d: 181 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sikkim).
— Cameron, 1932: 139 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: India.
masuriensis Cameron, 1926b: 358 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mussorie District; Dhobi Ghat. Chakrata District ; Bodyar. Simla Hills; Kotgarh , 5000 to 8000 feet).
— Cameron, 1932: 139 ( Philonthus ; synonym of christiei ).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1336 ( Philonthus ; synonym of christiei , cited as christei).
chrysoscutum Tikhomirova, 1973: 165 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: pos. Khasan).
- DISTRIBUTION: Russia.
chrysurus Nordmann, 1837 , see: Xanthopygus .
chujoi R. Dvořák, 1958: 138 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Honshu : Numata Gumma).
- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.
chungkingensis Bernhauer, 1943 , see: Gabrius .
chyuluensis Cameron, 1942 , see: Gabronthus .
cicatricosus Erichson, 1840 , see: Cafius .
cinctipennis Fauvel, 1875a : XXX [= 1875b: 232 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Egypte,
Le Caire).
— Fauvel, 1878: 123 [= 1878a: 43] ( Philonthus ; Egypt).
— Fauvel, 1886b: 150 ( Philonthus ; notes; Philippines; Annam; Cochinchine; Egypt).
— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; Egypt).
— Fauvel, 1904a: 59 ( Philonthus ; Khandesh; Bírmanie; Annam; Indochina; Philippines; Sumatra; Egypt; Ethiopia; Somaliland).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Bernhauer, 1928: 16 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).
— Cameron, 1932: 117 ( Philonthus ; characters; Burma; India).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Cameron, 1933d: 386 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).
— Scheerpeltz, 1963b: 428 ( Philonthus ; Egypt).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 422 ( Philonthus ; characters; Egypt).
— Coiffait, 1974: 204 ( Philonthus ; characters; Egypt; Iraq; intertropical region of Africa
and Asia).
— Frank, 1982: 39 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
— Yadav, Chand, and Yadav, 1995: 6 ( Philonthus ; morphology of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes).
— Gusarov, 1997: 286 ( Philonthus ; Oman).
- DISTRIBUTION: Egypt, Ethiopia, “Somaliland”, Oman, Iraq, India, Myanmar, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines.
cinctulus Gravenhorst, 1802: 167 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Bengala).
— Gravenhorst, 1806: 89 ( Staphylinus ).
— Erichson, 1840: 432 ( Philonthus ; characters; Bengal).
— Kraatz, 1859: 78 ( Philonthus ; characters; Ceylon; India borealis; Bengalia).
— Bernhauer, 1902b: 26 ( Philonthus ; Ceylon).
— Fauvel, 1903: 158 ( Philonthus ; Genji; Burma; Annam).
— Fauvel, 1904a: 58 ( Philonthus ; Khandesh; Ceylan; Bírmanie; Annam).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Cameron, 1932: 77 ( Philonthus ; characters; Ceylon; India).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Scheerpeltz, 1960: 4 ( Philonthus ; Pakistan).
— Yadav, Chand, and Yadav, 1995: 6 ( Philonthus ; morphology of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes).
— Schillhammer, 1999: 61 ( Philonthus ; characters; Pakistan; India; Nepal; Sri Lanka; Myanmar).
- DISTRIBUTION: Pakistan, Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam.
cinctus Fauvel, 1905a: 140 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Abyssinie: Massouah , Moncullo , Archico ; Bogos : Lebka. Senegal: Saine-Louis; Bissao).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Tottenham, 1949b: 328 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Tottenham, 1961: 203 ( Philonthus ; Senegal).
— Tottenham, 1962: 161 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1974: 142 ( Philonthus ; South West Africa; South Africa).
- DISTRIBUTION: Senegal, Ethiopia, Namibia, South Africa.
cinctutus Melsheimer, 1844 , see: hepaticus Erichson, 1840 .
cingulatus Fauvel, 1878f: 259 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nouvelle-Guinée, Andai).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
circumcinctus Eppelsheim, 1895: 204 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ganale Gudda, Arussi Galla).
— Fauvel, 1907: 43 ( Philonthus ; Kilimandjaro; Nairobi; Zululand; Angola).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Tottenham, 1949b: 345 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Tottenham, 1962: 202, 203, 205 ( Philonthus ; characters; Ethiopia; Kenya).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 417 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sahara).
— Coiffait, 1974: 293 ( Philonthus ; characters; Abyssinia; East Africa; Angola; southern Sahara).
— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 22 ( Philonthus ; Sudan).
- DISTRIBUTION: Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Angola, South Africa. circumductus Fauvel, 1895: 263 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bírmanie, Carin Cheba, 900–1100 m; Philippines, Antipolo).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Cameron, 1921a: 377, 405 ( Philonthus ; characters; Singapore).
— Bernhauer, 1928: 16 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).
— Cameron, 1932: 118 ( Philonthus ; characters; Burma).
— Cameron, 1933d: 387 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).
— Frank, 1982: 39 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
— Yadav, Chand, and Yadav, 1995: 6 ( Philonthus ; morphology of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes).
- DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar, Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines.
clambus Tottenham, 1949b: 325 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: S. Rhodesia).
— Tottenham, 1962: 138 ( Philonthus ; Tanganyika).
- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania, Zimbabwe.
claudus † Scudder, 1900a: 82 ( Philonthus ; pleistocene fossil; Type locality: Scarborough).
- DISTRIBUTION: Canada.
clementi Levasseur, 1962a: 60 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ditinn , Guinée. Also cited from Upper Volta).
- DISTRIBUTION: Guinea, Burkina Faso.
cliens Eppelsheim, 1890 , see: aeneipennis Boheman, 1858 .
clunalis Horn, 1884 , see: Gabrius .
cochleatus Scheerpeltz, 1937b: 211 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bulgaria: Umgebung
von Varna).
— Gridelli, 1943: 129 ( Philonthus ; characters; Albania).
— Smetana, 1954b: 177 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany; Austria; Turkey).
— Scheerpeltz, 1956c: 1100 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).
— Lohse, 1956: 89 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes).
— Smetana, 1958: 192 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1959: 158 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Lohse, 1964: 182 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Focarile, 1964: 58 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Horion, 1965: 157 ( Philonthus ; Bulgaria; Albania; Italy; France; Corsica; Morocco; Turkey; Switzerland; Germany; Austria; Czechoslovakia).
— Raianu, 1967: 270 ( Philonthus ; cited as cohleatus; characters; ecological notes; Romania).
— Coiffait, 1974: 314 ( Spatulonthus ; characters; Balkans; Asia Minor; Armenia; Italy; central Europe; Corsica).
— Shilov, 1975a: 375 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).
— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 300 ( Spatulonthus ; Italy).
— Tóth, 1984: 68 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Slovakia).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).
- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Cyprus, Turkey, Armenia, Russia, Kazakhstan.
coelestis Bernhauer, 1933a: 40 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Tatsienlu-Kiulung).
— Schillhammer, 2000: 144 ( Philonthus ; characters; China).
- DISTRIBUTION: China.
coelites Erichson, 1840 , see: Chroaptomus .
coenicola Gistel, 1857: 23 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Nomen dubium]; Type locality: Bayern) .
- DISTRIBUTION: Germany.
coenosus Gravenhorst, 1806 , see: nitidus Fabricius, 1787 .
coetus Last, 1981: 122 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Musa).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
cognatus Stephens, 1832: 229 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: London).
— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Hardy, 1851: 26 ( Philonthus ; synonym of scutatus ).
— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 24 ( Philonthus ; synonym of politus ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 447 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 339 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Smetana, 1958: 182 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 397 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Jarrige, 1971: 495 ( Philonthus ; Iran).
— Coiffait, 1974: 231 ( Philonthus ; characters; Holarctic region).
— Bordoni, 1974b: 9 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Italy).
— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 293 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).
— Coiffait, 1978d: 164 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).
— Hinton, 1981: 661 ( Philonthus ; characters of egg).
— Segers, 1987a: 182 ( Philonthus ; elytral aberration; Belgium).
— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 165 ( Philonthus ; note).
— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 63 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Welch, 1993: 228 ( Philonthus ; ovariole number and ovary structure).
— J. Li, 1993: 37 ( Philonthus ; China).
— M. Morgan, 1993: 56 ( Philonthus ; congregation; Britain).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).
— Smetana, 1995e: 120 ( Philonthus ; characters; Alberta; British; Coumbia; New Brunswick; Newfoundland; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Prince Edward Island; Quebec; Arkansas; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Montana; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Tennessee; Utah; Washington; Wisconsin).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Lys, 1995 ( Philonthus ; predator in cereal field; Switzerland).
— Levesque and Levesque, 1996: 292 ( Philonthus ; seasonal abundance; Quebec).
— Staniec, 1996: 118 ( Philonthus ; pupal characters).
— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 377 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).
— Owen, 1997a: 149 ( Philonthus ; collecting sites; Ireland).
— Smith and Webb, 1999 ( Philonthus ; aggregation behavior; Britain).
— Staniec, 1999a: 56 ( Philonthus ; characters of pupa; Poland).
— Schillhammer, 2000: 135 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia; Tajikistan; India).
— Marchal and Chardonnet, 2000: 72 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).
— Assing, 2001: 75 ( Philonthus ; collected from xerothermous site; Germany).
- DISTRIBUTION: Tunisia, Algeria, Europe, Turkey, Iran, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Russia, China, Canada, USA.
fuscipennis Mannerheim, 1830: 28 ( Staphylinus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Scania Sveciae ).
— Mannerheim, 1831: 442 ( Staphylinus ; Sweden).
— Fabricius, 1775: 266 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 340 cited politus Fabricius as a synonym of fuscipennis ; Fabricius did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Linné]; characters).
— Nordmann, 1837: 82 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden).
— Motschulsky, 1858d: 68 ( Philonthus ; synonym of politus ).
— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 19 ( Philonthus ; synonym of politus ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 447 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palaearctic region; North America).
— Fauvel, 1902b: 112 ( Philonthus ; Algeria).
— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 98 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).
— Reitter, 1909: 127 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Johansen, 1914: 397 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1344 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).
— Kloet and Hincks, 1945: 166 (indicated as an invalid name).
— Normand, 1947a: 8 ( Philonthus ; Tunisia).
— V. Hansen, 1952: 54 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Smetana, 1953: 118 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).
— Hatch, 1957: 196 ( Philonthus ; characters; British Columbia; Washington; Oregon; Idaho).
— Smetana, 1958: 182 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1959: 149 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 128 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Fagel, 1963: 429 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).
— Palm, 1963b: 71 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).
— Lohse, 1964: 178 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Smetana, 1964d: 74 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czechoslovakia).
— Scheerpeltz, 1965b: 401 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).
— Scheerpeltz, 1965c: 506 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).
— Smetana, 1965: 15 ( Philonthus ; notes; Miquelon; St. Pierre; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland).
— Szujecki, 1965 ( Philonthus ; notes on biology and development).
— Horion, 1965: 140 ( Philonthus ; widespread in Europe).
— Pototskaia, 1966: 158 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Pototskaia, 1967: 63 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Raianu, 1968a: 466 ( Philonthus ; Romania).
— Szujecki, 1968a: 729 ( Philonthus ; Poland).
— Coiffait, 1974: 231 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Shilov, 1975a: 375 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).
— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Frank, 1982: 41 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
— Boller, 1983: 120 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).
— Tóth, 1984: 52 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).
— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).
— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 165 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Nowosad, 1990: 105 ( Philonthus ; collected from mole nest; notes; Poland).
— Dearborn and Donahue, 1993: 14 ( Philonthus ; Maine).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 120 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).
— Schillhammer, 2000: 135 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
maculicornis Stephens, 1832: 229 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: London; Norfolk; Suffolk; Devonshire ).
— Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Philonthus ; nomen nudum; catalog; Britain).
— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Holme, 1837: 63 ( Philonthus ; Scilly Islands).
— Hardy, 1851: 26 ( Philonthus ; synonym of politus ).
— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 24 ( Philonthus ; synonym of politus ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 447 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 339 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 231 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 120 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Schillhammer, 2000: 135 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
melanopterus Stephens, 1832: 229 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: London ; Norfolk).
— Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Philonthus ; nomen nudum; catalog; Britain).
— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Stephens, 1839: 395 ( Philonthus ; variety of politus ; characters; England).
— Hardy, 1851: 26 ( Philonthus ; synonym of politus ).
— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 24 ( Philonthus ; synonym of politus ).
— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of politus ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 447 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 339 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Smetana, 1958: 182 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 231 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 120 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Schillhammer, 2000: 135 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
microcephalus Stephens, 1832: 229 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: London).
— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Stephens, 1839: 395 ( Philonthus ; synonym of carbonarius ).
— Hardy, 1851: 26 ( Philonthus ; synonym of carbonarius ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 447 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 339 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Smetana, 1958: 182 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fuscipennis ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 231 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 120 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
— Schillhammer, 2000: 135 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cognatus ).
cognatus Sharp, 1876 , see: Paederomimus .
coiffaiti Levasseur, 1962a: 56 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kolwezi , Katanga).
- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.
coiffaiti Hromádka, 1992 , see: purpuripennis Reitter, 1887 .
coiffaitianus Levasseur, 1980: 358 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Gabon: Belinga ).
- DISTRIBUTION: Gabon.
collarti Cameron, 1932b: 133 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bondia, Likimi).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.
collartianus Cameron, 1935 , see: Gabrius .
collis Last, 1987: 25 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Papua New Guinea: New Guinea NE:
Mount Missim, 2400–2800 m).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
colon Sharp, 1885: 419 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico, Cordova ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.
coloratus Tottenham, 1939 [Note: Nomen nudum], see: debilis Gravenhorst, 1802 . coloripennis Bernhauer, 1910 , see: Bisnius .
colubrinus Fauvel, 1868 , see: Gabrius .
columbianus Baudi, 1848: 126 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Novae Valenciae, Columbia).
— Fauvel, 1891: 111 ( Philonthus ; cited as columbinus ; Venezuela).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; cited as columbinus ; catalog).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Colombia, Venezuela.
combustus Fauvel, 1907: 44 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: steppe de Barta; Angola).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Tottenham, 1949b: 333 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Tottenham, 1962: 139, 223 ( Philonthus ; characters; Kenya).
- DISTRIBUTION: Angola, Kenya.
commodatus Last, 1968: 356 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Buana , Sairuwaget Range, 3000 ft., 20–30 miles north of Lae).
- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.
communis Motschulsky, 1860: 568 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Daourie).
— Hochhuth, 1862: 57 ( Philonthus ; characters; Dauria near Lake Baikal).
— Solsky, 1871c: 349 ( Philonthus ; characters; Siberia).
— Bernhauer, 1913: 131 ( Philonthus ; characters; East Siberia).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Wüsthoff, 1937a: 347 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 411 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Coiffait, 1974: 256 ( Philonthus ; characters; Siberia).
- DISTRIBUTION: Russia.
comoranus Lecoq, 1996: 150 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: l’archipel des Comores: Grande- Comore, La Convalescence, 1750 m).
- DISTRIBUTION: Comoro Islands.
complicatus Tottenham, 1961: 209 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Senegal: Parc National du Niokolo-Koba, Badi).
— Tottenham, 1962: 203, 211 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Senegal).
- DISTRIBUTION: Senegal.
comptus Haldeman, 1852 , see: furvus Nordmann, 1837 .
concinnus Gravenhorst, 1802: 21 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Not cited, but presumably Brunsvigae; [Note: See neotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).
— Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Britain).
— Stephens, 1832: 233 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).
— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Erichson, 1839a: 461 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).
— Stephens, 1839: 396 ( Philonthus ; variety of varius ; characters; England).
— Erichson, 1840: 461 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus variety minor ).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 597 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Thomson, 1860: 159 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 cited varians Thomson as a synonym of concinnus ; Thomson did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Gravenhorst who attributed it to Paykull]; characters; Scandinavia).
— Fauvel, 1874: 233 [= 1874a: 459] ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 33 cited ebeninus Fauvel ex parte as a synonym of concinnus ; Fauvel did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Kraatz]; characters; France).
— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 449 [= 1877: 305] ( Philonthus ; characters; larval characters; France).
— Eppelsheim, 1892: 332 ( Philonthus ; Turkestan).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palaearctic region).
— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 96 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).
— Montandon, 1908: 80 ( Philonthus ; Romania).
— Poppius, 1909: 24 ( Philonthus ; Lena Valley, Siberia).
— Reitter, 1909: 129 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Johansen, 1914: 405 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Gridelli, 1920a: 16 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sicily; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy).
— Gridelli, 1922a: 176 ( Philonthus ; characters; Persia).
— Portevin, 1929: 362 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— Gridelli, 1930: 72 ( Philonthus ; Libya).
— Jacobs, 1931: 146 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).
— C. Koch, 1941: 63 ( Philonthus ; Morocco).
— Méquignon, 1942a: 20 ( Philonthus ; Azores).
— Jeannel and Jarrige, 1949: 374 ( Philonthus ; cave species; Algeria).
— V. Hansen, 1952: 64 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Smetana, 1953: 118 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).
— Coiffait, 1955e: 426 ( Philonthus ; Lebanon).
— Scheerpeltz, 1956c: 1100 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).
— Hatch, 1957: 187 ( Philonthus ; characters; British Columbia; Washington; Oregon; Idaho).
— Smetana, 1959: 157 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1960d: 135 ( Philonthus ; Portugal).
— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 128 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Scheerpeltz, 1963: 11 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).
— Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 420 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Greece).
— Palm, 1963b: 82 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).
— Lohse, 1964: 182 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Scheerpeltz, 1964a: 299 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Crete).
— Focarile, 1964: 59 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Scheerpeltz, 1965b: 401 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).
— Scheerpeltz, 1965c: 505 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).
— Smetana, 1965: 14 ( Philonthus ; notes; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland).
— Horion, 1965: 154 ( Philonthus ; Madeira; Canaries; Azores; North Africa; Turkey; Afghanistan; Uzbekistan; all Europe).
— Sawada, 1966: 259 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 417 ( Philonthus ; preoccupied; synonym of ochropus ).
— Smetana, 1967i: 554 ( Philonthus ; Turkey) .
— Raianu, 1968a: 464 ( Philonthus ; Romania).
— Szujecki, 1968a: 728 ( Philonthus ; Poland).
— Coiffait, 1974: 261 ( Philonthus ; cited as concinus; synonym of ochropus ).
— Smetana 1975c: 169 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).
— Shilov, 1975a: 375 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).
— Shilov, 1976: 149 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).
— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).
— Smetana, 1978: 116 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Israel).
— Muona, 1979: 14 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ochropus ; [Note: Philonthus concinnus Gravenhorst was thought to be preoccupied by Xylodromus concinnus Marsham but Gravenhorst’s name is older]).
— Frank, 1982: 39 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
— H. Franz, 1984: 59 ( Philonthus ; Macedonia).
— Tóth, 1984: 66 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).
— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).
— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 58 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).
— Smetana, 1995e: 206 ( Philonthus ; neotype designation: Locality not cited; characters; notes; Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba; New Brunswick; Newfoundland ; Nova Scotia; Ontario Prince Edward Island; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Arizona; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Missouri; Montana; Nebraska; Nevada; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oregon; Pennsylvania; South Dakota; Utah; Virginia; Washington; Wisconsin; Wyoming) .
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Ádám, 1996: 245 ( Bisnius ; synonym of ochropus ).
— Ryabukhin, 1999: 63 ( Philonthus ; catalog; habitat; distribution; northeastern Russia).
- DISTRIBUTION: Libya, Algeria, Morocco, Europe, Russia, Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, Iran, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, Canada, USA.
ochropus Gravenhorst, 1802: 39 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: presumably Germany; [ Note : See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]. No locality originally cited). No locality originally cited).
— Latreille, 1804: 322 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany).
— Gravenhorst, 1806: 67 ( Staphylinus ).
— Gyllenhal, 1810: 336 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Sweden).
— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 325 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland).
— Mannerheim, 1830: 29 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).
— Mannerheim, 1831: 443 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).
— Runde, 1835: 8 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany).
— Nordmann, 1837: 93 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Prussia).
— Erichson, 1839a: 462 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).
— Erichson, 1840: 462 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 597 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Fauvel, 1869: 488 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Fauvel, 1874: 234 [= 1874a: 459] ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Gridelli, 1920a: 16 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 175 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1959: 157 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 417 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; characters).
— Coiffait, 1970d: 143 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; Uzbekistan).
— Coiffait, 1970e: 62 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).
— Jarrige, 1971: 495 ( Philonthus ; Iran).
— Coiffait, 1974: 261 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; characters; Palaearctic region).
— Bordoni, 1975a: 152 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; Afghanistan).
— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 291 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; Italy).
— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Muona, 1979: 14 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid name).
— Outerelo, 1980a: 56 ( Philonthus ; Spain).
— Hinton, 1981: 660 ( Philonthus ; characters of egg).
— Coiffait, 1983e: 478 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).
— Bordoni, 1984: 341 ( Philonthus ; Lebanon).
— Tóth, 1984: 66 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Borges, 1990: Table II ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; Azores).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 206 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: presumably Germany; synonym of concinnus ).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 378 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).
— Ádám, 1996: 245 ( Bisnius ; valid name; Hungary).
irregularis Mannerheim, 1830: 30 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Petropoli).
— Mannerheim, 1831: 444 ( Staphylinus ; Russia).
— Nordmann, 1837: 93 ( Philonthus ; Russia).
— Erichson, 1840: 481 ( Philonthus ; characters; Petropoli).
— Motschulsky, 1858d: 68 ( Philonthus ; synonym of sordidus ).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 596 ( Philonthus ).
— Fauvel, 1874: 234 [= 1874a: 459] ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 175 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 417 ( Philonthus ; variety of ochropus ; characters).
— Coiffait, 1974: 261 ( Philonthus ; variety of ochropus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 206 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
minor Erichson, 1840: 461 ( Philonthus ; variety of ebeninus ; Type locality: Not cited).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; variety of concinnus ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; variety of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 175 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 261 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ochropus ).
melanarius Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 403 [= 1877: 259] ( Philonthus ; Type locality:
les Alpes et les montagnes du Lyonnais).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 175 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 261 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ochropus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 206 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
imperfectus J. Sahlberg, 1903a: 5 ( Philonthus ; variety of concinnus ; Type locality:
Not cited, presumably Italy).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; variety of concinnus ).
— Gridelli, 1920a: 16 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ; characters).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; variety of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 175 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 261 ( Philonthus ; variety of ochropus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 206 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
ochripennis Gerhardt, 1910: 555 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5); preoccupied]; cited from Liegnitz).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1953: 118 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ; Turkey).
— Smetana, 1958: 175 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1959: 157 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 417 ( Philonthus ; aberration of ochropus ; characters).
— Coiffait, 1974: 261 ( Philonthus ; variety of ochropus ).
— Tóth, 1984: 66 ( Philonthus ; aberration of concinnus ).
— Smetana, 1995e: 206 ( Philonthus ; synonym of concinnus ).
concolor Kraatz, 1859: 80 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ceylan).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Cameron, 1932: 85 ( Philonthus ; characters; Ceylon).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka.
concolor Gridelli, 1920 [Note: Nomen nudum], see: fenestratus Fauvel, 1872 .
confertoides Hatch, 1957 , see: stictus Hausen, 1891 .
confertus LeConte, 1863a: 40 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Illinois; Nebraska; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).
— Horn, 1884: 221 ( Philonthus ; characters; Canada; Iowa; Illinois; Kansas).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Smetana, 1995e: 461 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation [Note: Locality not cited]; characters; notes; Arkansas; Connecticut; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kentucky; Massachusetts; Missouri; Nebraska; New York; Ohio; Pennsylvania; Tennessee; Wisconsin) .
— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 382 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).
- DISTRIBUTION: USA.
confinis A. Strand, 1941: 35 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Dänemark: Birkelse ; Norwegen: Lalm Tolstadskog ; Sibirien und Mongolei: Beikem , Kemtschick und Usti Abakansk).
— V. Hansen, 1952: 70 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Smetana, 1958: 198 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).
— Smetana, 1959: 161 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Smetana, 1963c: 296 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Mongolia).
— Palm, 1963b: 88 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).
— Lohse, 1964: 184 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Smetana, 1965e: 173 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).
— Smetana, 1965f: 255 ( Philonthus ; notes).
— Horion, 1965: 161 ( Philonthus ; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Denmark; France; Italy; Bosnia; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Germany).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 420 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).
— Smetana, 1967d: 204 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).
— Raianu, 1968: 117 ( Philonthus ; characters; ecological notes; Romania).
— Raianu, 1968a: 467 ( Philonthus ; Romania).
— Szujecki, 1968a: 730 ( Philonthus ; Poland).
— Cameron, 1932: 109 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Scheerpeltz, 1976: 35 ( Philonthus ; Nepal).
— Scheerpeltz, 1976a: 88 ( Philonthus ; Nepal).
— Coiffait, 1983d: 161 ( Philonthus ; Nepal).
— Yadav, Chand, and Yadav, 1994: 6 ( Philonthus ; morphology of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes).
- DISTRIBUTION: India, Nepal, China.
convergens Casey, 1915 , see: Rabigus .
convexicollis Lynch, 1884: 157 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Chacabuco in Provincia Bonaerensi occidentali).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Frank, 1982: 39 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).
- DISTRIBUTION: Argentina.
convexus Bernhauer, 1912 g: 253 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Luzon: Rizal, Montalban Gorge ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Philippines.
copiosus Last, 1968 , see: Hesperus .
coprophilus Jarrige, 1949: 70 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for rubromaculatus Bernhauer ).
— Tottenham, 1955: 158 ( Philonthus ; synonym of longicornis ).
— Smetana, 1958: 192 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; cited as valid species; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).
— Smetana, 1959: 159 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Lohse, 1964: 183 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Horion, 1965: 158 ( Philonthus ; Italy; France; Belgium; Hungary; Slovakia; Czech Republic; Germany).
— Smetana, 1966: 330 ( Philonthus ; Czechoslovakia).
— Coiffait, 1974: 313 ( Spatulonthus ; characters; Europe; North Africa).
— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 300 ( Spatulonthus ; Italy).
— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).
— Tóth, 1984: 69 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).
— Last, 1987a: 221 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Czechoslovakia; Benelux).
— Schuh, Schillhammer, and Zettel, 1992: 221 ( Philonthus ; Austria).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).
— Hodge and Jones, 1995: 39 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Gerend and Braunert, 1997: 197 ( Philonthus ; notes; Luxembourg).
— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).
— Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefańska, 2000: 49 ( Spatulonthus ; catalog; Poland).
- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, North Africa, Kazakhstan.
rubromaculatus Bernhauer, 1914d: 9 ( Philonthus ; form of longicornis ; [preoccupied];
Type locality: Süditalien, Prov. di Aquila, Castel di Sangro).
— Bernhauer, 1923d: 177 ( Philonthus ; variety of longicornis ; characters; Italy).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1349 ( Philonthus ; variety of longicornis ).
— Blackwelder, 1943: 410 ( Philonthus ; synonym of longicornis ).
— Tottenham, 1955: 158 ( Philonthus ; synonym of longicornis ).
— Smetana, 1958: 192 ( Philonthus ; synonym of coprophilus ).
— Smetana, 1959: 159 ( Philonthus ; synonym of coprophilus ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 313 ( Spatulonthus ; synonym of coprophilus ).
coracion Peyerimhoff, 1902: 246 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: au bord du lac de Bens, 2300 m, Alpes Maritimes).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 420 ( Philonthus ; characters; Alps).
— Jarrige, 1968b: 74 ( Philonthus ; notes; France).
— Coiffait, 1974: 204 ( Philonthus ; characters; Alps).
— Focarile, 1988: 181 ( Philonthus ; characters; Italy).
— Aranda and Outerelo, 1991: 119 ( Philonthus ; characters; comparison with species of quisquiliarius group; Spain).
— Wittwer, 1993: 250 ( Philonthus ; Switzerland).
— Schülke, 1993c ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Swizerland; Italy).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Tronquet, 1998: 11 ( Philonthus ; notes; France).
— Assing, Frisch, Kahlen, et al., 1998: 138 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Schillhammer, 1999a: 61 ( Philonthus ).
- DISTRIBUTION: Spain, France, Switzerland, Italy, Russia.
baicalicus Bernhauer, 1935a: 45 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Baikalgebiet).
— Schillhammer, 1999a: 61 ( Philonthus ; synonym of coracion ).
corallicola Fairmaire, 1849 , see: Remus .
corallipennis Sharp, 1876: 166 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Para, Obydos, Ega, Tapajos ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Brazil.
cordicollis Gerstaecker, 1867 , see: Diatrechus .
cordilleranus Bernhauer, 1916c: 34 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: West-Columbien: Ost- Cordilleren, La Pena bei Carmen, 3500 m).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Colombia.
corticalis Sharp, 1885: 413 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
- DISTRIBUTION: Panama.
coruscoides Scheerpeltz, 1963: 13 [Note: Nomen nudum, published without description, Article 13.1.1.
corruscus Gravenhorst, 1802: 33 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Not cited, but presumably Brunsvigae ).
— Marsham, 1802: 511 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 cited nitidus Marsham, 1802 as a synonym of corruscus Gravenhorst ; Marsham did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Fabricius]; characters; Britain).
— Latreille, 1804: 319 ( Staphylinus ; cited as coruscus; characters; Germany).
— Gravenhorst, 1806: 51 ( Staphylinus ).
— Curtis, 1829: 26 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Britain).
— Stephens, 1832: 239 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).
— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Nordmann, 1837: 98 ( Philonthus ; cited as corrusus; Germany; France; Tauria).
— Holme, 1837: 63 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Scilly Islands).
— Erichson, 1839a: 463 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).
— Heer, 1839: 265 ( Philonthus ; characters; Switzerland).
— Stephens, 1839: 398 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).
— Erichson, 1840: 465 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).
— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; Transcaucasia).
— Motschulsky, 1849: 87 ( Philonthus ; Spain).
— Hochhuth, 1849: 143 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Redtenbacher, 1849: 704 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Küster, 1854: 7 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).
— Rosenhauer, 1856: 71 ( Philonthus ; Granada).
— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 525 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 597 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Redtenbacher, 1857: 194 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Peyron, 1858: 425 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).
— Fauvel, 1874: 234 [= 1874a: 459] ( Philonthus ; variety of ebeninus ).
— Redtenbacher, 1874: 212 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 447 [= 1877: 303] ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— Eppelsheim, 1892: 332 ( Philonthus ; Turkestan).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; characters; Europe; Mediterranean region).
— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; Algeria).
— Montandon, 1908: 80 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; Romania).
— Reitter, 1909: 129 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; characters; Germany).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; catalog).
— Johansen, 1914: 404 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; characters; Denmark).
— Gridelli, 1920a: 15, 16 ( Philonthus ; characters; Italy).
— Portevin, 1929: 362 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1338 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; catalog).
— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; illustration of aedeagus).
— V. Hansen, 1952: 64 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; characters; Denmark).
— Smetana, 1953: 118 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).
— Smetana, 1958: 173 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).
— Smetana, 1959: 155 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; characters).
— Lohse, 1964: 181 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; characters; central Europe).
— Horion, 1965: 152 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; Iberian Peninsula to Greece and Turkey; France; Switzerland; Belgium; Holland; Poland; Russia; Ireland; Britain; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany; Austria).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 415 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan).
— Raianu, 1968a: 464 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; Romania).
— Szujecki, 1968a: 728 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; Poland).
— Coiffait, 1974: 259 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Britain; Denmark; Scandinavia; Anatolia; Lebanon; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Turkestan).
— Osella and Zanetti, 1975: 108 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; collected from nest of Talpa europaea ; notes; Italy).
— Bordoni, 1975a: 152 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).
— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 290 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; Italy).
— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).
— Smetana, 1978: 116 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Israel).
— Coiffait, 1983e: 478 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).
— Tóth, 1984: 63 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; characters; Hungary).
— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Philonthus ; cited as coruscus; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).
— Welch, 1993: 228 ( Philonthus ; ovariole number and ovary structure).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Assing, 2001: 75 ( Philonthus ; collected from xerothermous site; Germany).
- DISTRIBUTION: Algeria, Europe, Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
planus Lacordaire, 1835: 401 ( Staphylinus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Paris).
— Erichson, 1839a: 464 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
— Erichson, 1840: 465 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
— Küster, 1854: 7 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 525 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 597 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ebeninus ).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
— Smetana, 1958: 173 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 259 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
pragensis Roubal, 1948: 123 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varius ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5)]; cited from Bohemia: Praha-Sarka).
— Smetana, 1958: 173 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
— Coiffait, 1974: 259 ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).
corvinus Erichson, 1839a: 462 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mark Brandenburg).
— Erichson, 1840: 462 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).
— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; Caucasus; Transcaucasus).
— Jacobsen, 1849: 697 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Hochhuth, 1849: 139 ( Philonthus ; characters; Lenkoran).
— Redtenbacher, 1849: 704 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Rosenhauer, 1856: 71 ( Philonthus ; Andalusia; Xerez; Cadiz; Algeciras; Malaga; Granada).
— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 524 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).
— Kraatz, 1857d: 599 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).
— Redtenbacher, 1857: 195 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— Thomson, 1860: 160 ( Philonthus ; characters; Scandinavia).
— Hochhuth, 1862: 58 ( Philonthus ; Russia).
— Fauvel, 1874: 236 [= 1874a: 462] ( Philonthus ; characters; Scandinavia; Britain; Germany; Switzerland; Austria).
— Redtenbacher, 1874: 213 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).
— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 18 ( Philonthus ; Finland).
— Fowler, 1888: 271 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).
— Ganglbauer, 1895: 452 ( Philonthus ; characters; Scandinavia; England; Germany; Austria; Switzerland).
— Reitter, 1909: 129 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).
— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Johansen, 1914: 405 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1338 ( Philonthus ; catalog).
— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; cited as cervinus; illustration of aedeagus).
— V. Hansen, 1952: 73 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).
— Smetana, 1958: 210 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).
— Smetana, 1959: 161 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Palm, 1963b: 90 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).
— Lohse, 1964: 184 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).
— Smetana, 1964d: 75 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czechoslovakia).
— Horion, 1965: 162 ( Philonthus ; Russia; Finland Sweden; Norway; Britain; Ireland; Denmark; Ukraine; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Romania; Italy; Switzerland; France; Holland; Austria; Germany).
— Coiffait, 1967a: 422 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).
— Coiffait, 1974: 203 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Britain).
— Shilov, 1975a: 376 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).
— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).
— Raichev, 1979: 81 ( Philonthus ; Bulgaria).
— Tóth, 1984: 73 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Drugmand, 1987a: 311 ( Philonthus ; Belgium).
— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).
— Schülke and Uhlig, 1988: 11 ( Philonthus ; Germany).
— Aranda and Outerelo, 1991: 121 ( Philonthus ; characters).
— Wittwer, 1993: 250 ( Philonthus ; Switzerland).
— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).
— Allen, 1994a: 30 ( Philonthus ; Britain).
— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).
— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).
- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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