Epitomapta aumakua, Solís-Marín & Conejeros-Vargas & Caballero-Ochoa & Byers, 2023
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1183.111620 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:934B8473-A31B-44CB-8056-EE5D6A41AB17 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10170900 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/01CD60ED-A303-4C39-A4B7-CD0616E5FF08 |
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taxon LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:act:01CD60ED-A303-4C39-A4B7-CD0616E5FF08 |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Epitomapta aumakua |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Epitomapta aumakua sp. nov.
Figs 1 View Figure 1 , 2 View Figure 2 , 3 View Figure 3
Type materials.
Holotype. MI 4942, 18.4 mm total length (TL), off Kualoa, O`ahu, Hawai`i, Pacific Ocean 21°30'N, 157°50'W, 2.5 m depth, July 1975. Paratypes. MI 4944, 2 specimens, 1 extensively dissected, same data as the holotype.
Type locality.
Off Kualoa, O`ahu, Hawai`i, Pacific Ocean 21°30'N, 157°50'W.
Diagnosis.
Body wall smooth, covered with small, oval-circular bumps, especially on anterior part of body. Tentacles 12, each with three pairs of lateral digits and a terminal digit; 6-8 sensory cups on each tentacle. Polian vesicle, 1/10 of body length; stone canal single, unbranched. Anchor and anchor plates of one kind: anchors usually exceeding 170 µm in length, plates exceeding 110 µm in length. Miliary granules scarce, only present in longitudinal muscles, relatively coarse, usually in form of simple flat, often faintly undulating, stout, straight rods with enlarged ends, slightly bent but never C-shaped, usually exceeding 20 µm in length. Tentacle ossicles shaped like smooth, flattened rods, not exceeding 50 µm in length, curved, with perforated ends; some rods broad (ca 14 µm in width) with few circular peripheral holes.
Holotype description.
18.4 mm long. Specimen uniformly whitish, body wall translucent when expanded. Anchors (Fig. 1A View Figure 1 ) not projecting through body wall. Tentacles 12, each with three pairs of digits and a terminal digit; digits increase in length distally, and terminal digit longest. Inner (oral) surfaces of tentacles with double row of well-developed sensory cups; up to eight sensory cups on each tentacle. Ciliated funnels of various shapes (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 ) occur on body wall, not on mesenteries. Two longitudinal rows of round-lipped, ciliated funnels present, each row attached to one side of one longitudinal muscle; a single V-shaped notch splits round lips of funnels and extends about 1/2 length of funnel. Polian vesicle single. Stone canal single, unbranched. Calcareous ring simple, stout, well developed (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 ); radial pieces notched anteriorly, more conspicuous than that in interradial pieces; not pierced.
Ossicles. Body-wall deposits comprise anchors and anchor plates (Fig. 1A, B View Figure 1 ). Anchors and plates at anterior, middle, and posterior body wall essentially similar. Anchors average 170 µm in length and 55 µm in largest width (width of the arms). Arms carry up to five conspicuous teeth; vertex smooth. Stock unbranched, but equipped with numerous small, sharp projections (Fig. 1A View Figure 1 ). Anchor plates elongate, approximately oval, with numerous toothed perforations. Anchor plates average 110 µm in length and 90 µm in greatest width (Fig. 1B View Figure 1 ). Miliary granules scarce, present only in epithelium covering longitudinal muscles, variable in shape but generally flat and tending to have enlarged endings. Granules up to ca 20 µm in length (Fig. 1D View Figure 1 ). Tentacle ossicles small (40-50 µm in length), smooth, shaped like flattened, curved rods, with perforated ends (Fig. 1C View Figure 1 ). Some rods flat and broad (ca 14-16 µm in width) having 6-10 circular peripheral holes.
Paratype variations. Specimens range from 16-17 mm in length.
Etymology.
The specific epithet aumakua refers, in Hawaiian mythology, to a person or family god that originated as a deified ancestor, who takes on physical forms as spirit vehicles. Here it is used as a non-Latin noun in apposition.
Ecology.
Epitomapta aumakua sp. nov. occurs at 2.5 m depth, buried in coarse sand.
Geographical distribution.
Known only from its type locality.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.