Phanaeus daphnis Harold, 1863

Moctezuma, Victor, Halffter, Gonzalo & Lizardo, Viridiana, 2021, The Phanaeus tridens species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea): a dung beetle group with genital morphological stasis but a changing ecological niche, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 61 (2), pp. 447-482 : 455-457

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.37520/aemnp.2021.025

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:85434EFF-F859-4BBF-8AB5-F50B9BA08771

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6303356

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B2B878A-8A22-FFB7-FC69-FA28EBA8FDA7

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Phanaeus daphnis Harold, 1863
status

 

Phanaeus daphnis Harold, 1863 View in CoL

( Figs 11–13 View Figs 10–12 View Fig , 35 View Figs 32–42 , 46 View Figs 43–54 , 57 View Figs 55–62 )

Phanaeus daphnis Harold, 1863: 165 View in CoL . Type locality: Mexico.

Type material examined. MEXICO: L ECTOTYPE (designated by ARNAUD 1982a, examined from photographs; Fig. 12 View Figs 10–12 ): ♂, without specific locality ( MNHN: MNHN EC10558). P ARALECTOTYPE (examined from photographs): ♂, without specific locality ( MNHN: MNHN EC10559). Non-type material examined. MEXICO: E STADO DE M ÉX I CO: 1 ♂ 7 ♀♀, Chalma ( GHVM: 1 ♂ 6 ♀♀; VMPM: 1 ♀); 11 ♀♀, Zona arqueológica Malinalco ( GHVM: 10 ♀♀; VMPM: 1 ♀). G UERRERO: 2 ♀♀, Acahuizotla ( IEXA); 1♀, Coapango ( VMPM); 5♂♂ 2♀♀, Hueyecantenango, Chilapa ( GHVM); 11♂♂ 30♀♀, Mochitlán,Acahuizotla ( IEXA); 2 ♂♂, Taxco ( GHVM:1♂; VMPM: 1♂); 1♀, 2 mi. W Taxco ( GHVM); 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Tetipac ( IEXA). M ORELOS: 3 ♂♂, Alpuyeca ( GHVM); 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, Cuautla ( GHVM); 8 ♂♂ 12 ♀♀, Cuernavaca ( IEXA: 5 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀; GHVM: 3 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀); 1 ♀, 9 mi. S Cuernavaca ( GHVM); 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Huautla ( IEXA); 1 ♂, Jojutla, Cerro del Higuerón ( IEXA); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Oaxtepec ( GHVM); 1♂, Palmiras, Cuernavaca ( GHVM); 1 ♀, Progreso ( GHVM); 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Puente de Ixtla ( GHVM: 1 ♂; VMPM: 1 ♂ 1 ♀); 1 ♂, Real del Puente ( GHVM); 26 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀, Tepoztlán ( GHVM: 21 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀; VMPM: 5 ♂♂ 1 ♀); 1 ♀, Tequesquitengo ( GHVM); 3 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, Xochitepec ( GHVM: 3 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, VMPM: 1 ♀). OAXACA: 1 ♂, Oaxaca ( IEXA). P UEBLA: 2 ♀♀, 9 mi. N Amatitlán ( GHVM); 1 ♂, Matamoros ( VMPM). U NKNOWN LOCAL I TY: 2 ♂♂ ( GHVM).

Diagnosis. Typically metallic green ( Figs 10, 12 View Figs 10–12 , 46 View Figs 43–54 , 57 View Figs 55–62 ), rarely deep blue-green ( Fig. 11 View Figs 10–12 ). Sides of pronotal disc granulate anteriorly, becoming punctate with effaced granules posteriorly ( Figs 10–11 View Figs 10–12 , 46 View Figs 43–54 ). Pronotal disc coarsely rugose ( Figs 10–11 View Figs 10–12 , 46 View Figs 43–54 ). Posteromedial process of pronotum produced into fairly short denticle, not bifurcated apically ( Figs 35 View Figs 32–42 , 46 View Figs 43–54 ). Anteromedial portion of pronotal disc with line of denticles or carina ( Fig. 46 View Figs 43–54 ). Anterolateral margins of pronotal disc without ridge or line of tubercles ( Fig. 46 View Figs 43–54 ). Posterolateral angles of pronotum much longer than posteromedial process of pronotum ( Figs 35 View Figs 32–42 , 46 View Figs 43–54 ). Elytral striae scabriculous, distinctly impressed, superficially punctate ( Figs 10–12 View Figs 10–12 ). Elytral interstriae scabriculous, superficially punctate, flat; I, III, V, VI and VII frequently with lightly roughened integument ( Figs 10–12 View Figs 10–12 ).

Variation. Minor male. Similar to major males, except for reduction of secondary sexual characters (i.e., cephalic horn, pronotal processes and posterolateral angles). Particularly, posterolateral angles of pronotum are reduced into a couple of pronotal keels, while posteromedial process is obsolete. Female. Similar to male, except for head showing trituberculate carina; pronotal sculpture granulate, becoming coarsely punctate posteriorly; pronotum with anteromedial black macula, and anteromedial trapezoidal carina, followed by posterior concavity ( Fig. 57 View Figs 55–62 ).

Comments. EDMONDS (1994) and EDMONDS & ZÍDEK (2012) proposed that P. coeruleus ( Figs 13 View Fig , 47 View Figs 43–54 ) and P. herbeus ( Figs 16–18 View Figs 16–18 , 37 View Figs 32–42 , 49 View Figs 43–54 , 59 View Figs 55–62 ) were junior subjective synonyms of P. daphnis ( Figs 11–13 View Figs 10–12 View Fig , 35 View Figs 32–42 , 46 View Figs 43–54 , 57 View Figs 55–62 ). In turn, ARNAUD (2002) considered both subspecies of P. daphnis . According to the findings of the present study, both P. coeruleus and P. herbeus merit full species status. Major males of P. daphnis never show the posteromedial process of pronotum produced into a distinctly elongate denticle ( Figs 35 View Figs 32–42 , 46 View Figs 43–54 ), while those of P. coeruleus ( Fig. 47 View Figs 43–54 ) and P. herbeus ( Figs 18 View Figs 16–18 , 37 View Figs 32–42 , 49 View Figs 43–54 ) do.

Less than 3% of the examined specimens of P. daphnis are deep blue-green ( Fig. 11 View Figs 10–12 ), but their colouration is not similar to that of P. coeruleus ( Figs 13 View Fig , 47 View Figs 43–54 ). This fact likely led EDMONDS (1994) and EDMONDS & ZÍDEK (2012) to consider P. coeruleus and P. daphnis synonyms. Nevertheless, the deep blue-green chromatic phase of P. daphnis ( Fig. 11 View Figs 10–12 ) never shows the distinctly smooth elytral interstriae seen in P. coeruleus ( Fig. 13 View Fig ). The typical green specimens of P. daphnis ( Figs 10, 12 View Figs 10–12 , 46 View Figs 43–54 , 57 View Figs 55–62 ) and P. herbeus ( Figs 16–17 View Figs 16–18 , 59 View Figs 55–62 ) are similar in colour. Nevertheless, P. daphnis never shows a green-red chromatic phase like in P. herbeus ( Fig. 49 View Figs 43–54 ). Phanaeus daphnis and P. herbeus are sympatric in an area between Estado de México and Morelos ( Fig. 65 View Fig ).

Distribution. Mexico: Estado de México, Guerrero, Morelos, Puebla, Oaxaca ( Fig. 65 View Fig ).

MNHN

Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Scarabaeidae

Genus

Phanaeus

Loc

Phanaeus daphnis Harold, 1863

Moctezuma, Victor, Halffter, Gonzalo & Lizardo, Viridiana 2021
2021
Loc

Phanaeus daphnis

HAROLD E. 1863: 165
1863
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