Taurodemus peruanus Petrov, 2020

Petrov, A. V., 2020, New species and records of Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) from Peru, Russian Entomological Journal 29 (4), pp. 402-409 : 404-406

Taurodemus peruanus Petrov , sp.n.

Figs 5–8 , 12 , 13 .

MATERIAL. Holotype, ♀ ( ZMM): Peru: Junin region: Satipo province, 15 km NW from Satipo, near Rio Venado village , S11°11´35.2´´ W74°46´07.0´´,h~ 1300 m, FIT, 14.X.2015,leg.A.VPetrov. Paratype (1♀ in CDFA, 1♀ in MSUC, 1♀ in NHMUK, 1 ♀ in NHNW, 1 ♀ in NMNH, 1♀ in RABC, 1 ♀ in ZIN, 30♀♀ and 2♂♂ in APP):same place and date, ex. Protium sp. , (20 ♀♀ and 2 ♂♂ males), same place, FIT, 17– 28.X.2013,leg.A.VSokolov(2♀♀) , S11°11´58.2´´ W74°46´15.0´´,h~ 1150m, ex. Inga edulis , 26.III.2014 (5 ♀♀), S11°11´32.2´´ W74°46´03.8´´, h~ 1300 m, 21–23.IX.2017, leg.A. V Petrov (2 ♀♀) , S11°11´39.8´´ W74°46´08.2´´, h~ 1200 m, 6–15.II.2019, leg. A. V Petrov (2 ♀♀) ; 44 km NNE from Satipo, left river bank of Perene, near Canan Eden village , S11°04´30.5´´ W74°16´50.9´´, h~ 1100 m, ex. Protium sp. , 15.II.2006, leg.A. V Petrov (2 ♀♀) ; Loreto region: 58 km SW from Iquitos, Itaya river , 04°15´23.3´´S 73°27´59.1´´ W, h~ 120 m, FIT, 2.II.2006, leg. A. V Petrov (1 ♀) , same place but 8.III.2008, (1 ♀), 8. V.2009, leg. A. V Petrov (1 ♀) .

Description. Female. Body stout, length 4.4 mm, 1.95 times as long as wide, body dark brown to black with reddish brown antennae and legs ( Figs 7–8 ).

Head dark brown to black, weakly shining. Frons broadly convex, central part with median roundish callus at the level of upper half of eyes; frontal surface minutely reticulate, evenly punctured by shallow sparse points (except callus zone), in upper part of the frons with sparse, longitudinal shallow wrinkles; vertex minutely reticulate without punctures; vestiture of fine sparse pale hairs, epistoma with transverse row of abundant short pale setae. Eyes shallowly emarginate, 2.5 as long as widelyly, flat, eyes widely separated above by 3.5 times their width. Antennomeres reddish brown, funicle 5-segmented, pedicel scaphoid, club obliquely truncate, segment 1 on anterior face corneous.

Pronotum black, shining in the base half, 0.88 as long as wide; the base straight, with rounded basal angles; lateral margins, subparallel in basal half of pronotal length, broadly round- ed in front, anterior margin armed by eight coarse median serrations; summit at middle of anterior slope closely asperate; the base half of the pronotal disc minutely reticulate, with numerous shallow small punctures. Vestiture of fine sparse pale hairs, longer on anterior half and lateral margins of pronotum, minute on the basal half of the pronotal disc.

Scutellum black, glabrous, triangular.

Elytra black,shining on base and lateral margins;almost as long as wide, 1.16 times as long as pronotum;lateral margins subparallel, disc occupying 30 percent of elytral length; surface glabrous, with transversal shallow wrinkles; striae not impressed, punctures small, shallow, distinct; intrerstriae about eight times as wide as striae, smooth, shining, punctures minute, half as large as those of striae. Declivity abrupt at base, the base of declivity on interstriae 1, 2 ornamented by three pointed small tubercles, of equal size (on each elytron) and two minute tubercles ( Fig. 11 ); interstriae 3 on the base of declivity with two small pointed tubercles and two minute granules; interstriae 4 armed by four pointed tubercles; interstriae 5 ornamented by a rounded row of 12 pointed tubercles; interstriae 6 and 7 armed by 4–5 granules. Interstriae 3 armed by a major, pointed, conical spine at about 1/3 of declivity length from anterior margin. Strial rows of puncture on declivity straight, visible, but minute. Surface of declivity reticulate, dull. Vestiture of fine short erect setae on base of declivity and lateral margins of elytra.

Metepisternum and metasternite dark brown, with deep numerous punctures, covered by erect short setae. Abdomen dark brown, ventrites 1–5 with numerous punctures, covered by long erect pale setae.

Procoxa separated. Legs unicolored reddish brown, tibiae with abundant short erect pale setae, protibia with twelve small lateral socketed teeth on distal half.

MEASUREMENTS. Paratypes (females): Mature color almost dark brown to black, length 4.1–4.4 mm, 1.9–2.0 times as long as wide; anterior margin of pronotum armed by 6–8 coarse median serrations, elytra 1.1–1.2 times as long as wide.

Male: body stout, bicoloured, frons and pronotum dark brown, elytra, abdomen, legs and antennae reddish brown ( Figs 5–6 ); length 3.5–3.7 mm, 2.0 times as long as wide. Frons dark brown, vertex and ventral part of the head reddish brown. Frons similar to female, except median fovea in vertex and longer setae on epistoma over mandibles; eye half as large as in female. Pronotum dark brown to black; as long as wide, median part bicornats and ebenus pronotal base with triangular projection directed towards scutellum, lateral margins weakly rounded, pronotum widest in anterior third; apical margin broadly rounded, unarmed. Anterior slope flat, median part on middle third of pronotal length flattened, summit at middle anterior slope to basal half, weakly asperate, basal third punctured by minute points. Surface of base and lateral third glabrous. Vestiture of sparse minute setae on anterior part of pronotum. Scutellum small, dark brown, triangular.

Elytra reddish brown, 1.0–1.1 as long as wide, 1.1–1.16 as long as pronotum. Lateral margins weakly rounded, elytra widest in the middle part of the length. Disc occupying 30 percent of elytra length; striae not impressed, punctures small, distinct; intrerstriae about five times as wide as striae, smooth, weakly shining, punctures as large as those of striae. Each interstrial puncture with a short erect pale seta. Declivity sulcate, abrupt at base. The base of declivity ornamented with pointed small tubercles of equal size; interstriae 3 with a large single process in central part lateral margin of declivity ( Fig. 12 ). Surface of declivity reticulate,dull, punctured by confused,numerous punctures.Metepisternum,metasternum and abdomen reddish brown, ventrites 1–5 with numerous punctures, covered by long erect pale setae. Legs as in female.

DIAGNOSIS.The new species is distinguished from Taurodemus lenis Wood , T. varians (F.,1801), T. varulus (Wood,1974) by the major spine on lower half of declivity. The new species is closely related to T. bicornatus (Wood, 1974) and T. ebenus (Wood, 1971) , but can be distinguished by the larger body size of the female; the equal size of the pointed tubercles on the base of elytral declivity; the reticulate and dull surface of declivity. The male is closely related to male of T. ebenus but can be distinguished by the dull surface of the declivity, and larger body size; distinguished from T. bicornatus and T. militaris sp.n. by absence of minor tubercles on ventrolateral margin of declivity.

BIOLOGY. The species was collected in tropical rain forest (Bosque de colina baja) and foothill forest (Bosque basimontano de Yunga). Females boring in wood of branches and stems of Inga edulis ( Fabáceae ) and Protium sp. ( Burseraceae ).Gallery system as in Taurodemus bicornatus and T. ebenus ( Wood, 2007) . Gallery system as in T. militaris , but larger size. The tunnel runs radial into the wood for about 1.0– 3.8 cm. Eggs were deposited in tunnel.The larvae fed communally on the ambrosia mycelium and on the wood as they expanded the tunnel on an elongate area of 3.0– 6.5 cm 2 along vessel. Each gallery system included 6–14 young females and 1 males. Rarely, galleries and eggs were attacked by mycocleptist Sampsonius giganteus Schönherr, 1994 ( Fig. 14 ).

ETYMOLOGY. The species is named after the country of its origin, where the types were collected.

Figures

Figs 5–8. Habitus of Taurodemus peruanus sp.n.: 5–6 — male; 7–8 — female; 5, 7 — dorsal view; 6, 8 — lateral view. Рис. 5–8. Габитус Taurodemus peruanus sp.n.: 5–6 — самец; 7–8 — самка; 5, 7 — сверху; 6, 8 — сбоку.

Figs 9–12. Elytral declivity: 9–10 — Taurodemus militaris sp.n.; 11, 12 — Taurodemus peruanus sp.n.; 9, 11 — female; 10–12 — male. Рис. 9–12. Скат надкрылий: 9–10 — Taurodemus militaris sp.n.; 11–12 — Taurodemus peruanus sp.n.; 9, 11 — самки; 10, 12 — самцы.

Figs 13–14. Galleries of Taurodemus: 13 — Taurodemus militaris sp.n.; 14 — Taurodemus peruanus sp.n.; 14 — galleries were attacked by mycocleptist Sampsonius giganteus. Рис. 13–14. Ходы Taurodemus: 13 — Taurodemus militaris sp.n.; 14 — Taurodemus peruanus sp.n.; 14 — ходы были атакованы микоклептистом Sampsonius giganteus.