Brevistoma gallagheri Hölzel, 1999

Zheng, Yuchen, Ni, Ziyang, Aspöck, Ulrike, Aspöck, Horst, Badano, Davide, Nel, André & Liu, Xingyue, 2025, A hidden treasure along Silk Roads: An unexpected new species of spoon-winged lacewings from Xinjiang, China, and a revision of the genus Brevistoma Tjeder, 1967 (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae), Zootaxa 5566 (1), pp. 97-118 : 105-106

Brevistoma gallagheri Hölzel, 1999

( Figs 1C ; 6 ; 11D ; 12 )

Brevistoma gallagheri Hölzel, 1999: 136 (type locality: Oman, Wahiba Sands; holotype in NHMW). Güsten, 2003: 137 ( Brevistoma ). Sziráki, 2011: 66 ( Brevistoma ).

Diagnosis. Vertex barely raised, generally brown. Male antenna nearly 1/3 length of forewing. Pronotum medially with a slender grey brown stripe, laterally with a pair of greyish brown markings. Mesoprescutum greyish brown, laterally yellowish brown; mesonotum generally yellowish brown; mesoscutellum yellowish brown, medially with a greyish brown marking. Forewing generally hyaline; subcostal area hyaline. Hind wing mostly hyaline, distal part of hind wing with two brown marking. Male posterior gonocoxites 9 trapezoid falcate and curved internally, internal projection of posterior gonocoxites 9 obliquely protruded in lateral view; gonostyli 11 subtriangular in dorsal view.

Re-description. Size. Head width, 1.92 mm; forewing length, 15.26 mm; hind wing length, 30.15 mm.

Head. Generally brown. Vertex barely raised. Male antenna brown, covered with many short-tapered setae, nearly 1/3 length of forewing. Each flagellomere wider than long in male ( Fig. 11D ). Male frons nearly half as long as wide. Male clypeus brown, as long as wide. Labrum brown, truncated on distal margin. Maxillary palpus columniform. Labial palpus slender. Cardo and stipe pale brown. Mandible brown, elongate. Rostrum nearly as long as half of head width ( Figs 6D–E ).

Thorax. Pronotum medially with a slender grey brown stripe, laterally with a pair of grey brown markings. Mesoprescutum grey brown, laterally yellowish brown; mesonotum generally yellowish brown; mesoscutellum yellowish brown, medially with a grey brown marking. Meso- and metapleurae generally pale yellow ( Fig. 6D ).

Legs. Slender, generally pale yellow. Tibial spur weakly developed. Tarsomeres 2–4 with some stout setae ventrally; pretarsal claws dark reddish brown, slightly curved ( Fig. 6C ).

Wings. Forewing generally hyaline, apex rounded; pterostigma pale; costal crossvein not forked; 11–12 presectoral crossveins present; RP with four branches; 3A not closed to forewing margin. Hind wing slender, ribbon-like, nearly twice as long as forewing, mostly hyaline; distal part of hind wing with two dark brown markings; pterostigma pale ( Figs 1C ; 6A–B ).

Abdomen. Brown to greyish brown. Male genitalia. Sternum 9 nearly twice as long as ectoproct, rectangular in ventral view, covered with some slender setae ( Fig. 6F ). Anterior gonocoxites 9 short, nearly as long as gonostyli 11 in lateral view, V-shaped in ventral view; posterior gonocoxites 9 trapezoid falcate and curved internally, internal projection of posterior gonocoxites 9 obliquely protruded in lateral view; gonostyli 11 swollen, subtriangular in dorsal view, slender and upward in lateral view ( Figs 6H–L ). Ectoproct subtriangular in lateral view ( Fig. 6G ). Female genitalia. Unknown.

Type material examined. Holotype ♂, OMAN: Wahiba Sands , 21.39N, 59.18E to light Woodland on sand, 6/ 7. VII.1995, B. Skule & M.D.G. Gallagher ( NHMW) ( Fig. 1C ).

Distribution. Oman (Wahiba Sands).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Type of Brevistoma spp. A: Lertha dumonti Navás, 1924, syntype in MNHN (current name: B. bardii (Navás, 1914). B: Savigniella bourboni Navás, 1931, lectotype in MNHN (current name: B. bourboni (Navás, 1931) stat. rev.). C: B. gallagheri Hölzel, 1999, holotype in NHMW. D: B. hackeri Hölzel, 1999, holotype in NHMW.

FIGURE 6. Brevistoma gallagheri Hölzel, 1999, male, holotype. A: Part of habitus. B: Distal hind wing. C: Head and thorax, lateral view. D: Head and thorax, dorsal view. E: Head, frontal view. Male terminalia: F. Lateral view. G. Ventral view. Male genitalia: H. Caudal view. I. Ventral view. J. Cephalic view. K. Lateral view. L. dorsal view.

FIGURE 11. Antennae of Brevistoma spp.A. B. bardii (Navás, 1914), male, from Ghardaia (Algeria). B. B. bardii, female, from Tunisia. C. B. bourboni (Navás, 1931) stat. rev., male, lectotype. D. B. gallagheri Hölzel, 1999, male, holotype. E. B. hackeri Hölzel, 1999, male, holotype. F: B. hackeri, female, paratype. G. B. raksasiae Zheng, Ni & Liu sp. nov., holotype, male. H. B. raksasiae sp. nov., paratype, female. I. Brevistoma sp., female, from Sudan.

FIGURE 12. Geographical distribution of Brevistoma bardii (red circle:Brevistoma bardii; purple circle: B. bourboni; yellowish circle: B. gallagheri; turquoise circle: B. hackeri; blue circle: B. raksasinae sp. nov.; grayish circle: B. sp.)