Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) scobinosa Alcock, 1902

Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T., 2021, Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa, ZooKeys 1066, pp. 1-198 : 1

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:133CE040-A5AF-44F1-BC9A-558C2F06A8AA

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/12FBF76F-C345-E745-2B80-8AFA30199BA9

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) scobinosa Alcock, 1902
status

 

Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) scobinosa Alcock, 1902

Fig. 2O, P View Figure 2

Caryophyllia scobinosa Alcock, 1902a: 90. - Alcock 1902b: 8, pl. 1, figs 2, 2A. -Gardiner and Waugh 1938: 177-178. - Cairns 1991: 12. - Cairns and Keller 1993: 235. -Cairns 1994: 45-46, pl. 20, figs A, B (in part). - Cairns 1995: 52-53, pl. 10, figs G-I, pl. 11, figs A-C. - Cairns and Zibrowius 1997: 94. - Cairns 1999a: 75. - Cairns et al. 1999: 20. -Kitahara 2007: 498, 507, 510, fig. 2K. - Kitahara et al. 2008: 16, fig. 2D. -Cairns 2004: 278. - Kitahara et al 2010a: 109, figs 113,117.

Caryophyllia cultrifera Alcock, 1902b: 7-8, figs 1, 1A. -Faustino 1927: 67-68, pl. 8, figs 8, 9. - Veron 1986: 905.

Caryophyllia clavus . -von Marenzeller 1904a: 281 (in part ' Valdivia '-246), pl. 16, figs 9C-G.

Type locality.

Off Flores and Sulu Seas (HMS ‘Siboga’ stns. 45 and 102: 7°24'00"S, 118°15'20"E and 6°04'10"N, 120°44'00"E, respectively); 535-794 m ( Alcock 1902a).

Type material.

Six syntypes are deposited at the ZMA (Cairns 1994; Kitahara et al. 2010).

Material examined.

SAM_H1248 (1 specimen): Eastern margin, 17 km from DURBAN/ 8 km off Mdloti Estuary, 29°42'34.21"S, 31°05'50.82"E; 91 m.

Description.

Corallum ceratoid, unattached, and curved to a narrow pedicel (PD:GCD = 0.2). Calice slightly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.1), with jagged calicular margin. Specimen examined 9.5 × 8.6 mm in CD, 2.0 mm in PD, and 11.3 mm in H. Costae granular, flat, and separated by narrow intercostal furrows that fade towards base. Corallum white.

Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles according to the formula: S1-2 > S3 > S4 (48 septa). S1-2 thick, slightly exsert, and extend to columella deep in fossa with straight to slightly sinuous axial margins. S2-3 progressively less exsert. S3 axial margin more sinuous than remaining septa. S3 ~ 2/3 the width to S1-2, each bearing a sinuous pali (12 P3). S4 rudimentary, but joining adjacent S1 and S2 at calicular margin to form rectangular lancets. All septal faces bear small pointed granules. Fossa relatively shallow containing a fascicular columella composed of five ribbon-like elements.

Distribution.

Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Durban; 91 m. Elsewhere: Brazil (Kitahara 2007); New Zealand ( Cairns 1995); New Caledonia (Kitahara et al. 2010; Kitahara and Cairns 2021); Australia ( Cairns 1995, 2004; Kitahara et al. 2010); Tanzania (von Marenzeller 1904; Gardiner and Waugh 1938); Madagascar Plateau; Walter Shoal ( Cairns and Keller 1993); Sulu Sea; Celebes Sea ( Alcock 1902a); off Tonga and Samoa ( Cairns 1995); Philippines; Indonesia ( Cairns and Zibrowius 1997); Wallis and Futuna Islands; and Vanuatu ( Cairns 1999a); 253-2450 m.

Remarks.

As noted by Kitahara et al. (2010), Caryophyllia (C.) scobinosa can be distinguished from other unattached Indo-Pacific Caryophyllia in having 48-72 septa, 12-14 pali, and a jagged calicular margin. The South African representative of C. scobinosa superficially resembles C. stellula Cairns, 1998 but can be distinguished by its S4 being more exsert than S3, and also by joining neighbouring S1 and S2 at the calicular margin forming triangular lancets. Corallum size and density also differentiate the adult forms of these two species. Although C. scobinosa has been previously reported in neighbouring areas ( Cairns and Keller 1993), the current study confirms the occurrence of this species further south in the South African territory.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Cnidaria

Class

Anthozoa

Order

Scleractinia

Family

Caryophylliidae

Genus

Caryophyllia

Loc

Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) scobinosa Alcock, 1902

Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T. 2021
2021
Loc

Caryophyllia scobinosa

Alcock 1902
1902
Loc

Caryophyllia cultrifera

Alcock 1902
1902
Loc

Valdivia

White 1847
1847