Fejervarya orissaensis (Dutta, 1997)

Hakim, Jonathan, Trageser, Scott J., Ghose, Animesh, Rashid, Sheikh Muhammad Abdur & Rahman, Shahriar Caesar, 2020, Amphibians and reptiles from Lawachara National Park in Bangladesh, Check List 16 (5), pp. 1239-1268 : 1245-1246

Fejervarya orissaensis (Dutta, 1997)

Figure 4B

Material examined. BANGLADESH • 1 F, 56 mm adult; Sylhet Division, Moulvibazar District, Kamal- ganj Upazila, LNP, main road at Fulbari Village ; 24° 20.09′N, 091°48.66′E; 17 Jun. 2015; 19:30; photo voucher ZRC ( IMG) 1.133 . • 1 M, 50 mm adult; Sylhet Division, Moulvibazar District, Kamalganj Upazila, dirt road to Fulbari Village ; 24°20.01′N, 091°48.91′E; 23 Jun. 2015; 20:48; photo voucher ZRC ( IMG) 1.134 . • 1 M, 46.8 mm adult; Sylhet Division, Moulvibazar District, Ka- malganj Upazila, fields behind HEED Guesthouse near LNP; 24°20.39′N, 091°49.47′E; 09 Jul. 2015; 00:32; photo voucher ZRC ( IMG) 1.135 .

Identification. Our specimens were grayish-brown and green frogs with a prominent pointed snout, dark dorsal markings, a broad cream or green middorsal stripe (some with thin or no stripe), SVL of 46.8–50.0 mm in sampled males and 56.0– 58.9 mm in sampled females, fin- ger formula of 2=4<1<3 with 1 much longer than 2 and 4, oblong body tubercles arranged in rows, and W-shaped gular pattern in the males. This agrees with the Köhler et al. (2019) description of F. orissaensis in terms of dorsal

coloration, tubercles, male and female SVL, and finger formula, though the gular pattern differs somewhat (but- terfly-shaped in F. orissaensis versus W-shaped in our specimens). One LNP male’s call was recorded, a short (110–120 ms) croak repeated inconsistently with internote intervals of 270–540 ms at a dominant frequency of 3100–3300 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 2100– 2200 Hz. This call is similar in type and length to the call of F. orissaensis in Myanmar as reported in Köhler but differs significantly in pulse rate, internote interval, and dominant frequency.

Taxonomic notes. The previous umbrella term of F. limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829) that was once attributed to Lawachara specimens is now considered to only be valid for the type species occurring in Sundaland ( Veith et al. 2001). Large-size Fejervarya from Bangladesh, including LNP ( Rahman and Howlader 2011a), have more recently been designated as F. teraiensis (Dubois, 1984) , and indeed our morphological characterization agrees with published descriptions of this species ( Rasel et al. 2007; Howlader 2011; Purkayastha and Matsui 2012), though the calls differ to some degree. However, genetic studies previously suggested that the “large type ” Fejervarya in Bangladesh, including in the Sylhet Division, do not align with F. teraiensis ( Islam et al. 2008; Kotaki et al. 2010; Hasan M et al. 2012; Sanchez et al. 2018). Köhler et al. (2019) found genetic samples from Bangladesh to align with F. orissaensis and formally attributed the large-type Fejervarya of Bangladesh to this species. More sampling will need to be done to accurately describe F. orissaensis across their entire range.

Habitat. Fejervarya orissaensis in LNP were found in heavily disturbed areas such as paddy fields and village habitat.