Berberis hispanica, Boiss. & Reuter

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1964, Flora Europaea - Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press : 245

3. B. hispanica Boiss. & Reuter , Pugillus 3 (1852).

60-150 cm, densely and intricately branched; twigs at first green, later dark red, ridged. Spines usually 3-fid; segments 12-20 mm (the median the longest), stout. Leaves 8-18(-22) mm, rarely exceeding the spines, elliptical-obovate, usually entire but sometimes with up to 6 distant, broad-based marginal teeth. Racemes 10-25 mm, pendent, with 6-15 flowers. Honey-leaves 3 mm, shorter than the inner perianth-segments. Berry 9 x 5 mm, oblong, dark red or black; stigma very shortly stipitate. Mountains o f C. & S. Spain, c. 1500-2300 m. Hs.

Sometimes regarded as a subspecies of 1; plants with intermediate characters are found in E. & C. Spain and include those described as B. garciae Pau , Mzt. Bot. FI. Esp. 2: 6 (1889).