Encyclia jenischiana (Rchb.f.)

Bastos, Cláudia A., Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C. & Berg, Cássio Van Den, 2018, A taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species of Encyclia (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Epidendreae), Phytotaxa 342 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

22. Encyclia jenischiana (Rchb.f.) Porto & Brade (1935: 29). Basionym: Epidendrum jenischianum Reichenbach

(1854: 98). Type:― BRAZIL. Bahia: no locality, 1851, Jenisch s.n. (lectotype designated by Bastos et al. (2015):

specimen at the top left on W-R 24649!) ( Figs. 15 , 25I ).

Heterotypic synonyms:

Epidendrum dichromum var. a mabile Lindley (1865: 5491). Type:― BRAZIL. Bahia: no locality, no date, Low & Co. s.n. (holotype: K-L, not located; lectotype designated by Bastos et al. (2015): watercolour illustration reproduced in Lindley (1865: t. 5491).

Epidendrum biflorum Barbosa Rodrigues (1877: 52) , nom. illeg. non Forster (1786: 60), Ruiz López & Pavon (1798: 247) nec Cogniaux (1902: 337). Epidendrum dichromum var. biflorum Cogniaux (1898: 63) . Epidendrum brasiliense Hawkes (1956: 174) . Encyclia dichroma subsp. biflora (Cogn.) Fowlie (1992: 141) . Type:― BRAZIL. Bahia: Lençóis, March, Barbosa Rodrigues s.n. ( Barbosa Rodrigues’s herbarium†; lectotype designated by Meneguzzo et al. 2010: the original illustration that was to be published in Iconographie des orchidées du Brésil: t. 366, deposited at AMES, in volume 4 of the book with same title published by Sprunger et al. 1996: 277, t. 14!).

Encyclia ghillanyi Pabst (1976: 80) . Type:― BRAZIL. Bahia: Brejeiros, general mountains of Bahia, 15 May 1974, Ghillany 007/74 (holotype: HB 60988 !; isotype: K 293832 , fragment!).

Lithophyte herbs, 23.8 cm tall. Pseudobulbs conical, 6.6 × 1.0 cm. Leaves 2, lanceolate, 15.3−21.5 × 1.0− 1.4 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence 4−7-flowered simple raceme; peduncle 26.2−40.5 cm long; rachis 6.7−17.2 cm long. Floral pedicel 2.4 × 0.2 cm, warty; sepals pink, dorsal lanceolate, 1.5 × 0.7 cm, laterals lanceolate, 2.7 × 0.7 cm, erect, margin entire, apex acute; petals pink, spatulate, 2.6 × 1.3 cm, erect, margin entire, apex mucronate; lip with claw 0.35 × 0.30 cm, lateral lobes free relative to midlobe, 1.0 × 0.6 cm, pink, at a ˂45° angle to midlobe (in the flattened lip), not overlapping it, margin entire, apex obtuse, midlobe reniform, 1.3 × 1.6 cm, pink with darker pink streaks, conduplicate, margin entire, apex emarginate, callus cymbiform, truncate; column clavate, 1.6 × 0.5 cm, clinandrium apex tridentate, lateral teeth triangular, apex acute, arms of the column elliptic, 0.20 × 0.18 cm, apex obtuse; stigma elliptic, with basal hooks; anther one, yellowish.

Distribution and habitat:— Endemic to Bahia ( Fig. 13 ). There are some specimens from Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo at ESA (17377), R (199926) and UEC (Leitão 10388), but imprecise locations indicate that these are more likely mistakes.

Phenology:— Flowering all year.

Taxonomic notes:— As mentioned in the notes for E. dichroma , E. jenischiana is morphologically similar, but the two species differ in floral characters, distribution and habitat.

An extensive list of synonyms is recorded for Encyclia jenischiana , most of which were previously listed for E. dichroma . Among the synonyms we should point out E. ghillanyi , for which type material was collected by Ghillany with label data as ‘Brejeiros, at 1,200 m altitude’, deposited at HB ( Pabst 1976). According to Toscano de Brito & Cribb (2005) the precise location is unknown, but we found unpublished notes that the Serra Geral da Bahia mentioned by Pabst would be the mountains around Maracás, Bahia (Bastos et al. 2015).

Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Barra da Estiva, Serra do Sincorá , 1200 m, no date, Windishi & Ghillany 529 ( HB) ; Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana− Ipirá road, 18 August 2004, Santos et al. 2450 ( HUEFS) ; Iaçu, Morro da Garrafa , 340 m, 9 september 2006, Lima et al. 51 ( HUEFS) ; Ipirá, estrada do Feijão , 15 September 2001, Smidt 186 ( ALCB, HUEFS) ; Itaberaba, Bom Jardim farm, 472 m, 14 July 2006, Queiroz & Cardoso 12217 ( HUEFS) ; Itatim, Morro das Tocas , 310−433 m, 27 January 1996, França et al. 1518 ( HUEFS) ; Itiruçu , 29 December 2006, Almeida & van den Berg 1 ( HUEFS) ; Itiúba, Serra Ituiubá , 700 m, 27 May 1983, Pinto & Bautista 115 ( HRB, MG) ; Jequié, Jequié− Maracás road, 26 January 1980, Vianna & Martins 1444 ( GUA) ; Lafaiete Coutinho, Três Morros , 18 July 1963, Oliveira s.n. ( ESA 17367 ) ; Maracás, Vale Aprazível farm, 997 m, 22 April 2002, Leite et al. 252 ( HUEFS) ; Milagres, Morro São Cristóvão , 530 m, 13 March 2005, França 5177 et al. ( HUEFS) ; Ruy Barbosa, Serra do Orobó , 632 m, 28 July 2004, Queiroz et al. 9380 ( HUEFS) ; Santa Teresinha, Morro do Cruzeiro , 20 December 2002, van den Berg et al. 926 ( HUEFS) ; Serrinha, Barra do Vento , 20 January 2008, van den Berg 1970 ( HUEFS) ; Vitória da Conquista , May 1962, Gurgel s.n. ( ESA 14859 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 13. Distribution in Brazil of Encyclia gonzallezii, E. granitica, E. ionosma, E. jenischiana, E. joaosaiana, E. linearifolioides and E. mapuerae.

FIGURE 15. A−G. Encyclia jenischiana. A. Dorsal sepal. B. Lateral sepals. C. Petal. D. Lip. E. Detail of lip callus. F. Column front view. G. Column side view (Almeida & van den Berg 4). H−O. Encyclia joaosaiana. H. Dorsal sepal. I. Lateral sepals. J. Petal. K. Lip. L. Detail of lip callus. M. Column front view. N. Column side view (Sá EB 153). O−W.Encyclia linearifolioides. O. Habit. P. Dorsal sepal. Q. Lateral sepals. R. Petal. S. Lip. T. Detail of lip callus. U. Column front view. V. Column side view (Bastos 302). W. Variation in the lip (Hoehne 935). X−E’. Encyclia mapuerae. X. Dorsal sepal. Y. Lateral sepals. Z. Petal. A’. Lip. B’. Detail lip callus. C’. Column front view. D’. Column side view (Bastos 299). E’. Variation in the lip (Bastos 285). Illustration by Carla de Lima.

FIGURE 25. A. Encyclia dichroma. B. Encyclia duveenii. C. Encyclia fimbriata. D. Encyclia fowliei. E. Encyclia gallopavina. F.Encyclia gonzalezii. G. Encyclia granitica. H. Encyclia ionosma. I. Encyclia jenischiana. J. Encyclia linearifolioides. K. Encyclia mapuerae. L. Encyclia oliveirana. (Photographers: A−B, D, F−L: C. van den Berg. C: R. V. Leitão. E: A. Peres Júnior).