Dragmacidon reticulatum ( Ridley & Dendy, 1886 )

Ugalde, Diana, Fernandez, Julio C. C., Gómez, Patricia, Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele & Simões, Nuno, 2021, An update on the diversity of marine sponges in the southern Gulf of Mexico coral reefs, Zootaxa 5031 (1), pp. 1-112 : 17-18

Dragmacidon reticulatum ( Ridley & Dendy, 1886)

Tables 6, 7; Figs. 10A–C , 16J

Synonymy and references: Axinella reticulata Ridley & Dendy (1886: 481) , and Ridley & Dendy (1887: 184); Axinella rosacea, Verril (1907: 341) ; Ectyoplasia explicata: Wiedenmayer (1977: 159) ; Ectyoplasia ferox explicata: Wiedenmayer (1977: 159) ; Dragmacidon reticulatum: Rützler et al. (2009: 301) , Hajdu et al. (2011: 119), Muricy et al. (2011: 89–90), Ugalde et al. (2015: 170), Rützler et al. (2014: 70), and Pérez et al. (2017: 11); Pseudaxinella lunaecharta: Gómez & Green (1984: 81) , Gómez (2002: 73); Axinella lunaecharta , Axinella reticulata , Dragmacidon reticulata , Dragmacidon reticulatus , Dragmacydon reticulatus (misspelling), Pseudaxinella reticulata: Alvarez et al. (1998: 15) , and references compiled in Muricy et al. (2011: 89–90).

Type locality. Brazil .

Material examined. CNPGG-2283, Triangulo Este reef (20.90879°N, - 91.2017°W), 7.8 m depth, coll. Oscar Bocardo, 12 September 2017; CNPGG-1165, Alacranes reef (22.36705°N, - 89.67511°W), coll. Patricia Gómez, 3 August 2009.

Distribution. Mexico ( Gómez & Green 1984; Gómez 2002 as Pseudaxinella lunaecharta ; Ugalde et al. 2015; current record), Bermuda, Bahamas, US (North and South Carolina, Florida), Cuba, other countries in the Caribbean Sea and Brazil ( Ugalde et al. 2015). Remarks. Dragmacidon reticulatum is a common inhabitant of the GoM, found in the north region ( Alvarez et al. 1998 as Pseudaxinella reticulata ), southern region ( Ugalde et al. 2015), and the Mesoamerican barrier reef of Quintana Roo ( Gómez & Green 1984; Gómez 2002; Maas-Vargas 2004 as Pseudaxinella lunaecharta ). No ecophenotypic variability is found in specimens of D. reticulatum , or in spicule measurements, which are styles in a range of 229–309 × 9–16.5 µm, 290–340 × 15–20 µm or 200–300 × 6.8–7.8 µm; oxeas 297–346 × 12–15 µm, 360–410 × 15–18 µm or 283–340 × 7.8–9.8 µm; respectively in Gómez & Green (1984), Rützler et al. (2014) and Ugalde et al. (2015, Figs. 15A, B ). For a detailed description, see Hajdu et al. (2011) and the references cited above.

Genus Ptilocaulis Carter, 1883

Figures

FIGURE 10. Dragmacidon reticulatum (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) (CNPGG-2283), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. detail of the choanosomal region; C. styles and oxeas. Scale bars: A–B = 250 µm; C = 100 µm.

FIGURE 15. Cliona aprica Pang, 1973 (CNPGG-2298), spicules: A. tylostyles; B. tylostyles in detail; C. tylostyle with a polytylote base; arrows pointing to spirasters D. tylostyle, small and very thin; E. spiraster. Scale bars: A = 100 µm; B = 50 µm; C–E = 10 µm.

FIGURE 16. In situ photographs of species analyzed in the present study: A. Agelas clathrodes (Schmidt, 1870) (CNPGG- 2297); B. Agelas conifera (Schmidt, 1870) (CNPGG-2373); C. Agelas dispar Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 (CNPGG-2007); D. Agelas schmidtii Wilson, 1902 (CNPGG-2285);E. Agelas sventres Lehnert & van Soest, 1996 (CNPGG-2285); F. Agelas wiedenmayeri Alcolado, 1984 (CNPGG-2476); G. Prosuberites carriebowensis Rützler, Piantoni, van Soest & Díaz, 2014 (CNPGG-2211); H. Ectyoplasia ferox (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (CNPGG-2407); I. Ectyoplasia ferox (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (CNPGG-2240); J. Dragmacidon reticulatum (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) (CNPGG-2283); K. Ptilocaulis walpersii (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (CNPGG-2171); L. Myrmekioderma rea (de Laubenfels, 1934) (CNPGG-2261); M. Neofibularia nolitangere (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (CNPGG-2206); N. Desmanthus meandroides van Soest & Hajdu, 2000 (CNPGG-2389); O. Cliona aprica Pang, 1973 (CNPGG-2298). Scale bars, A–O = 1 cm.