Iteaphila dichoptica, Sinclair & Shamshev, 2021

Sinclair, Bradley J. & Shamshev, Igor V., 2021, World revision of Iteaphila with unbranched radial vein (Diptera: Empidoidea: Iteaphilidae), Zootaxa 4968 (1), pp. 1-89 : 38-39

Iteaphila dichoptica sp. nov.

( Figs 13 , 42 , 62 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FC6AED30-2E04-4A81-9A9A-D969B5B4F0F5

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, labelled: “(Tokushima)/ Tochikubodani / Tômaru [= Mt. Tô-no-maru] [33°51′N 134°02′E]/ 18.v.1988 / T. Saigusa”; “ HOLOTYPE / Iteaphila / dichoptica/ Sinclair & Shamshev [red label]” ( KUMF) . PARATYPES: JAPAN. Yamanashi: Hirogawara [35°41′N 138°15′E], Mt. Kitadake , 28.v.1977, TS (1 ♂, KUMF); Hirogawara [35°41′N 138°15′E], 13.vi.1966, A. Katô (1 ♂, 3 ♀, KUMF) .

Recognition. This species is distinguished from the other Japanese species by dichoptic males, yellow legs and halteres and pale abdominal setae and sternites. Males have yellow terminalia, with long cerci and short hypoproct processes, apex of phallus straight and surstyli project dorsally ( Fig. 42 ).

Description. Wing length 3.3–3.4 mm. Male ( Fig. 13 ). Head black in ground-colour, mostly with pale setation, only ocellar and upper postocular setae brown to black; occiput finely greyish pollinose. Eyes dichoptic, with ommatidia of equal size. Frons in middle part nearly as broad as pedicel, parallel-sided, bare, light grey pollinose. Ocellar triangle prominent, with 2 pairs of proclinate and somewhat lateroclinate setae; anterior ocellars rather short, posterior ocellars minute. Postvertical setae minute; postocular setae rather long in upper part, becoming shorter below; additionally, occiput covered with numerous bristly hairs in lower part. Antenna with scape and pedicel brownish yellow (especially in paler specimens), postpedicel and stylus brown. Postpedicel nearly 3.5 times longer than wide, rather strongly tapered; stylus very short, sensillum-tipped; segment 9 distinct, tubular, slightly longer than wide, apical sensillum nearly as long as segment 9. Proboscis long, projected obliquely; labium about as long as head height; palpus brownish yellow basally and brownish apically, projected parallel to labrum, somewhat shorter than labrum.

Thorax brown in ground-colour, with black (large setae) and pale setation. Scutum viewed dorsally subshiny, finely greyish pollinose, with some brownish tinge down acr and dc setae; viewed anteriorly light greyish pollinose, with 2 faint darker vittae between acr and dc setae; mesopleuron uniformly greyish pollinose. Proepisternum with a few pale setulae in lower part and 1 similar setula in upper part. Postpronotal lobe with 1 pale moderately long and 2–3 short setae. Mesonotal setae prominent; acr pale, short, irregular biserial anteriorly, becoming biserial posteriorly, lacking on prescutellar depression, distance between rows subequal to length of acr; dc uniserial, offset from row anteriorly, mostly concolorous and subequal to acr, 2 prescutellar pairs brown to black and long; 1 pale ph, 1 pale presut spal, 1 long, pale or black npl (with 3–4 additional pale shorter setae), several pale short psut spal, 1 black pal, 3–4 pairs of black sctl.

Legs almost wholly yellow, only apical tarsomeres brownish yellow. Coxae and trochanters with ordinary short hair-like setae. Fore femur and all tibiae lacking prominent setae. Mid femur with row of strong, moderately long, black and yellow, posteroventral setae in apical half. Hind femur with anteroventral setae becoming longer subapically and row of moderately long dorsal setae. Tarsomere 1 on all legs without stiff ventral setae; tarsomere 5 on all legs not flattened; pulvilli broad, shorter than tarsal claw.

Wing faintly brownish yellow infuscate; basal costal seta absent; pterostigma distinct brownish yellow, elliptical, overlapping apex of R 1; anal lobe very prominent, right-angled. Sc complete; R 2+3 straight in apical part; R 4+5 unbranched; cell dm broad, longer than basal cells, hardly produced apically, almost truncate; base of M 2 (crossvein) nearly one-fourth length of dm-m, M branches widely separated; dm-m crossvein somewhat concave. Apex of cell cua recurved, CuA+CuP long, faint, ending just short of wing margin. Halter yellow.

Abdomen with tergites largely brownish and sternites yellowish to brownish yellow, in paler specimens tergites 1–3 brownish yellow; subshiny, finely greyish pollinose; covered with short pale bristly hairs, longer on posterior margin of tergites. Terminalia ( Fig. 42 ) large, almost wholly yellow and pubescent with microtrichia, cercus rather brownish yellow. Hypandrium with several short setae, rounded, upcurved, tapered to narrow apex; gonocoxal apodeme long and broad; inner apodeme expanded and flattened, prolonged anteriorly, subequal to length of gonocoxal apodeme; postgonite long, narrow, extending beyond epandrium, tapered to narrow apex. Phallic guide extended slightly beyond epandrium, parallel with phallus; apex membranous. Epandrium somewhat inflated laterally; dorsal bridge broad medially; produced distally into broad, dorsally projecting surstylus (shiny brown in contrast to yellow epandrium). Phallus slender, arched beyond epandrium, apex narrow, parallel-sided; ejaculatory apodeme plate-like, enlarged anteriorly, rounded, twice length of gonocoxal apodeme. Cercus more than one-third length of epandrium; apex narrowly rounded, extended free from epandrium; hypoproct produced into pair of short, slender processes, projecting beyond epandrium.

Female. Similar to male, except as follows: Frons very broad, shiny, with marginal setulae. Scutum with acr 4-serial, closely positioned paired rows separated by greater than length of setae. Hind femur darkened on middle part. Mid femur with short, thin, posteroventral setae along entire length. Abdomen largely brownish; segments 6–8 paler, brownish yellow. Cercus brownish, long, slender, covered with numerous setulae.

Distribution. Palaearctic: Japan. This species is known from two localities in Japan ( Fig. 62 ).

Etymology. This species is named after the distinctive dichoptic condition of males.

Figures

FIGURES 11–14. Species of Iteaphila with unbranched R 4+5. 11, I. beringiensis sp. nov., male, lateral view, scale bar = 1 mm; 12, I. bartaki sp. nov., male, lateral view, scale bar = 1 mm; 13, I. dichoptica sp. nov., male holotype, lateral view, scale bar = 0.5 mm; 14, I. flavipilosa, female, dorsal view, lateral view, scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 41–44. Male terminalia of Iteaphila with unbranched R 4+5, lateral view. 41, I. brooksi sp. nov.; 42, I. dichoptica sp. nov.; 43, I. flavipilosa (Coquillett); 44, I. glabricula sp. nov. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.Abbreviations: ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; goncx apod—gonocoxal apodeme; pgt—postgonite; ph—phallus; ph gd—phallic guide.

FIGURES 62–65. Distribution of Iteaphila with unbranched R. 62, I. dichoptica sp. nov.; 63, luteitibia sp. nov., I. incus sp. 4+5 nov.; 64, I. longipalpis (Melander); 65, I. nupta (Melander), I. subnupta sp. nov.