Triepeolus osiriformis ( Schrottky, 1910 ), 1329

Onuferko, Thomas M., Rightmyer, Molly G., Melo, Gabriel A. R. & Roig-Alsina, Arturo, 2024, A revision of the South American species of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Triepeolus Robertson, 1901 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 931, pp. 1-50 : 31-38

Triepeolus osiriformis ( Schrottky, 1910)

Figs 1G , 12 , 13C , 15A

Epeolus osiriformis Schrottky, 1910: 208 (♀, ♂), lectotype presently designated.

Epeolus luteipes Friese, 1916: 336 (♀, ♂), lectotype presently designated.

Epeolus paraensis Friese, 1925: 36 (♀).

Triepeolus osiriformis – Rightmyer 2008: 72 (stat. rev.).

Non Triepeolus nobilis ( Friese, 1908) – Moure 1955: 125 (incorrectly synonymized with E. osiriformis , E. luteipes , and? E. paraensis ). — Rightmyer 2004: 6, 13, 19, 32–33, 39, 42, figs 19b, 92, 126 (misidentification).

Diagnosis

Triepeolus osiriformis can be told apart from all other South American Triepeolus by the reddish brown (as opposed to black) axillae and mesoscutellum ( Figs 12A–C , 13C ). Additionally, much of the head, rest of the mesosoma, and metasoma are also reddish brown in T. osiriformis ( Figs 12A–C , 15A ). In this respect and in terms of the patterns of pubescence on the metasoma, T. osiriformis superficially resembles Rhinepeolus rufiventris ( Friese, 1908) , from which it is easily told apart by the presence of well-defined paramedian bands (as opposed to a median longitudinal strip of pale, short, appressed setae) on the mesoscutum as well as its mutic (i.e., non- as opposed to distinctly bituberculate) mesoscutellum.

Etymology

The specific epithet was inspired by the elongate (male) metasoma, which in the original description was said to be “affecting the shape of [the bee genus] Osiris ” ( Schrottky 1910). The Latin adjectival suffix ‘-formis’ means ‘having the form of’.

Material examined

Primary type material

BRAZIL • ♀, holotype of E. paraensis ; Amapá (previously Pará), Macapá ; 28 May 1900; Ducke leg.; ZMB 4070a7 .

PARAGUAY • ♂, lectotype of E. osiriformis ; Alto Paraná, Puerto Bertoni ; 22 Apr. 1909; MZUSP 102.272 • ♀, E. luteipes lectotype; Guairá, Villarrica ; 1900; Burgdorf leg.; ZMB 235ffd .

Secondary type material

BRAZIL • 1 ♀, paralectotype of E. luteipes ; São Paulo, Jundiaí ; 1899; Schrottky leg; ZMB • 1 ♂, paralectotype of E. luteipes ; Amapá, Macapá ; 19 May 1900; Ducke leg.; ZMB .

COSTA RICA • 1 ♂, paralectotype of E. luteipes ; San José; Schmidt leg.; ZMB (likely a mislabeled specimen as in the case of the type material of Friese’s Anthidium albitarse and Melipona torrida ; see respectively González & Griswold 2011 and Melo 2013).

Non-type material

ARGENTINA • 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur ; 23 Jan. 2017; L. Compagnucci leg.; MACN • 1 ♀; Buenos Aires, Otamendi ; Feb. 1993; P. Hazeldine leg.; MACN • 1 ♀; Buenos Aires, Punta Chica ; May 1951; J. Foerster leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3873 • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Buenos Aires, Refugio Ribera Norte ( San Isidro ); 21 Jan. 2005; A. Roig leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Chaco, San Bernardo; Di Iorio leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Córdoba, Dolores ; 20–30 Nov. 1997; C. Porter leg.; FSCA • 2 ♀♀; Córdoba, Córdoba ; E. Giacomelli leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Córdoba, Dolores (ca. La Cumbre); 14 Mar.–7 Apr. 1996; C. Porter leg.; FSCA • 1 ♂; Córdoba, La Cumbre ; 26 Feb. 1966; Willink and Stange leg.; IFML • 1 ♀; Córdoba, La Puerta ; 4 Mar. 1971; M.A. Fritz leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Entre Ríos, Colón ; Zelich leg.; MACN • 2 ♂♂; Entre Ríos, Liebig; Apr. 1974; Zelich leg.; MACN • 1 ♀; La Pampa, Santa Rosa; 19 Mar. 2005; J.J. Martínez leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; La Rioja, Iliar ; Feb. 1934; M. Gómez leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3885 • 1 ♂; La Rioja, Malanzán ; Feb. 1923; M. Gómez leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; La Rioja, Villa Unión ; 12 Dec. 1971; Porter and Stange leg.; IFML • 2 ♀♀; Río Negro, Luis Beltrán ; Jan. 1988; U. Fritz leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Salta, 40 km WNW of Hickmann; 12–14 Nov. 1989; J.G. Rozen and A. Roig leg.; AMNH M.G.R. Database No. 1329 • 1 ♂; Salta, Coronel Moldes; Dec. 1994; M. Fritz leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Salta, El Alisal ; Apr. 1994; M. Fritz leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Salta, La Viña ; Feb. 1995; M. Fritz leg.; MACN • 1 ♀; Salta, Pichanal; Dec. 1978; M. Fritz leg.; MACN • 1 ♀; Salta, Pocitos; Oct. 1949; A.F. Prosen leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3878 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Nov. 1950; F.H. Walz leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3844 • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; Dec. 1971; M.A. Fritz leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Salta, Reserva Campo Alegre; 5 Apr. 1921; G. Ellenrieder leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Salta, Río Pescado; 10 May 1979; Terán and Willink leg.; IFML • 1 ♂; Salta, Rosario de Lerma; Nov. 1992; M. Fritz leg.; MACN • 1 ♀; Salta, Sumalao; Dec. 1990; M. Fritz leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; San Juan, Desamparados ; 27 Dec. 1922; M. Gómez leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; San Juan, La Rinconada, Pocito ; 31 Jan. 1937; DZUP • 1 ♂; San Juan, San Juan ; Jan. 1946; DZUP • 1 ♀; Santa Fe, Santa Fe ; 27 Feb. 1930; Bridarolli leg.; MACN • 3 ♂♂; Santa Fe, Tostado Ferrocarril Central Norte, El Orden ; A.J. Giai leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database Nos. 3886 , 3887 , 3892 • 1 ♀; Santiago del Estero, Desvío 511, Matara ; 24 Oct. 1928; M. Gómez leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Tucumán, Horco Molle; 5 Jan. 1966; L. Stange leg.; IFML • 1 ♀; Tucumán, San Pedro de Colalao, Departamento Trancas ; Feb. 1951; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 5090 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Feb. 1951; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3884 • 1 ♂; Tucumán, Tafí del Valle; Dec. 1945; K.J. Hayward leg.; IFML • 1 ♂; Tucumán, Trancas; 1 Feb. 1953; Arnau leg.; IFML • 1 ♀; Tucumán, Tucumán ; M. Arnau leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3888 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; M. Arnau leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3882 .

BOLIVIA • 1 ♀; Santa Cruz, Cordillera Aimirí; Feb. 1971; Fritz leg.; DZUP .

BRAZIL • 1 ♂; Amapá, Macapá ; 19 May 1900; Ducke leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 22 May 1900; Ducke leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Bahia, Camacan ; 25 Feb. 2003; A. Raw leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 21 Feb. 2004; A. Raw leg.; DZUP • 7 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂; Bahia, Ilhéus ; 16 Jul. 1965; S. Laroca leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Bahia, Jequié ; 10 Aug. 1964; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 2 ♀♀; Bahia, Maracás ; Jun. 1961; F.M. Oliveira leg.; DZUP • 47 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; Feb. 1963; F.M. Oliveira leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀, 7 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 19 Nov. 1965; F.M. Oliveira leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Bahia, Vitória da Conquista ; 10–20 Jun. 1961; F.M. Oliveira leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Espírito Santo, Cariacica; 10–15 Apr. 1967; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Espírito Santo, Fundão; 20 Jan. 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Espírito Santo, Santa Maria de Jetibá; 11 Mar. 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 21 Jan. 1967; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Espírito Santo, Santa Teresa; 6 Jul. 1964; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 27 Jan. 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 4 Feb. 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 12 May 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 19 May 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 28 Jan. 1967; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 18 Jun. 1967; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Espírito Santo, Santo Antônio; 22 Apr. 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 2 ♀♀; Espírito Santo, São Domingos; 27 Mar. 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 3 ♂♂; Espírito Santo, São Roque; 5 May 1966; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 3 ♀♀; Maranhão, Imperatriz; 20 Feb. 1962; F.M. Oliveira leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Mato Grosso, Cáceres; 19 Mar. 1985; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 4 Apr. 1985; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Minas Gerais, Araxá 5–11 Feb. 1965; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Minas Gerais, Ibiraci; 15 Oct. 1962; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Minas Gerais, Passos; 24 Oct. 1963; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 5 ♀♀; Minas Gerais, Poços de Caldas; Nov. 1961; C. Elias leg.; DZUP • 2 ♂♂; Paraíba, Santa Luzia; 26 Mar. 1956; A.G.A. Silva leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Paraná, Antonina; 25.3200° S, 48.6500° W; 9 Dec. 2006; C. Maia leg.; DZUP DZUP 160965 • 3 ♀♀; Paraná, Cerro Azul; 24.9175° S, 49.2719° W; 14 Dec. 2002; G.A.R. Melo leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Paraná, Curitiba; Feb. 1949; P.J. Moure leg.; USNM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Dec. 1951; J.S. Moure leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Paraná, Maringá; 7 Dec. 1965; V. Graf and L. Azevedo leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Paraná, Ponta Grossa; Mar. 1965; Moure, Mitchell, and Laroca leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Paraná, Rolândia; Apr. 1950; DZUP • 2 ♀♀; Paraná, Tunas do Paraná ; 25.0333° S, 49.0833° W; 16 Jan. 2008; G. Weiss and C.M. Maia leg.; DZUP DZUP 168755 , DZUP 168796 • 1 ♀; Rio de Janeiro, Angra dos Reis ; Feb. 1944; Wygodzinsky leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia; 20 Oct. 1942; I. Burchad leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Apr. 1961; F.M. Oliveira leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas ; Biezanko leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; Santa Catarina, Corupá; Feb. 1956; A. Maller leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; Santa Catarina, Corupá (previously Hansa Humboldt) ; Jan. 1945; A. Maller leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3875 • 2 ♂♂; Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia; 11 Nov. 1939; F. Plaumann leg.; AMNH M.G.R. Database Nos. 2350 , 2352 • 7 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 13 Nov. 1939; F. Plaumann leg.; AMNH M.G.R. Database Nos. 2343 , 2344 , 2345 , 2346 , 2347 , 2349 , 2351 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 21 Nov. 1939; F. Plaumann leg.; AMNH M.G.R. Database No. 2348 • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Jan.–Mar. 1949; F. Plaumann leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Jan.–Mar. 1949; F. Plaumann leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3843 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 25 Mar. 1951; F. Plaumann leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Oct. 1951; F. Plaumann leg.; DZUP • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Oct. 1951; L.E. Plaumann leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database Nos. 3866 , 3869 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Nov. 1951; F. Plaumann leg.; DZUP • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Nov. 1951; L.E. Plaumann leg.; DZUP • 6 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; Nov. 1951; L.E. Plaumann leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database Nos. 3857 , 3858 , 3863 , 3874 , 3890 , 5582 • 25 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Nov. 1951; L.E. Plaumann leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database Nos. 3845 , 3846 , 3847 , 3848 , 3849 , 3850 , 3851 , 3852 , 3853 , 3854 , 3855 , 3856 , 3859 , 3860 , 3861 , 3862 , 3864 , 3865 , 3867 , 3870 , 3871 , 3872 , 3879 , 3880 , 3891 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 15 Feb. 1952; F. Plaumann leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3889 • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Nov. 1952; F. Plaumann leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database Nos. 3876 , 3877 , 5583 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Dec. 1952; F. Plaumann leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3881 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Nov. 1954; F. Plaumann leg.; USNM M.G.R. Database No. 5852 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 30 Mar. 195?; F. Plaumann leg.; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3868 • 1 ♀; São Paulo, Barueri; Mar. 1957; K. Lenko leg.; DZUP • 1 ♂; São Paulo, Guatapará; Jan. 1943; M. Carrera leg.; DZUP • 2 ♂♂; São Paulo, Rio Claro; Nov. 1943; P. Flamenghi leg.; DZUP • 2 ♀♀; São Paulo, São José do Barreiro ( Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina ); Nov. 1968; M. Alvarenga leg.; AMNH M.G.R. Database Nos. 3122 , 3709 .

COLOMBIA • 1 ♂; Valle del Cauca, Cali; 20 Nov. 1935; H.F. Schwarz leg.; AMNH AMNH_IZC 00292363 /M.G.R. Database No. 3123 • 1 ♀; Valle del Cauca, Finca San Luis, Candelaria ; 21–23 Apr. 1975; R.C. Wilkerson leg.; FSCA .

PARAGUAY • 1 ♀; Alto Paraguay, Cerro León ; Oct. 1979; M. Fritz leg.; MACN • 1 ♂; Alto Paraná, Puerto Bertoni; 6 Nov. 1919; USNM M.G.R. Database No. 5853 • 1 ♀; Central, San Lorenzo ; 29 Nov. 1949; KUNHM M.G.R. Database No. 3842 • 1 ♀; Distrito Capital, Asunción ( Jardín Botánico ); 1 Jan. 1990; M. Cooper leg.; NHMUK NHMUK013620572 .

PERU • 2 ♀♀; Apurímac, 40 mi E of Abancay; 5 Mar. 1951; Ross and Michelbacher leg.; CAS .

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO • 1 ♀; Diego Martin, Petit Valley ( Trinidad ); 23 Dec. 1974; T.E. Rogers leg.; FSCA • 1 ♀; Tunapuna – Piarco, Curepe ( Trinidad ); 22 Jul. 1964; F.D. Bennett leg.; AMNH AMNH_ IZC 00292362 /M.G.R. Database No. 3121 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 23. Dec. 1968; F.D. Bennett leg.; AMNH AMNH_IZC 00292361 /M.G.R. Database No. 3124 • 1 ♀; Tunapuna–Piarco, Saint Augustine ( Trinidad ); 17 Jan. 1941; D.J. Billes leg.; USNM .

VENEZUELA • 1 ♀; Guárico, Hato Masaguaral (44 km S of Calabozo); 20–28 May 1985; Menke and Carpenter leg.; USNM .

Non-preserved material

ARGENTINA • 1 ♀; Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ; 34.5981° S, 58.3618° W; 28 Mar. 2019; C. Chase obs.; iNaturalist record #24679119 • 1 unsexed specimen; same collection data as for preceding; 28 Mar. 2019; C. Chase obs.; iNaturalist record #24679123 • 1 ♂; Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Jardín Botánico Carlos Thays (Palermo); 34.5834° S, 58.4170° W; 27 Feb. 2020; R.A. González Vaquero obs.; iNaturalist record #56507520 • 1 ♂; Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Jardín Botánico Carlos Thays (Palermo) ; 34.5835° S, 58.4171° W; 13 Mar. 2020; R.A. González Vaquero obs.; iNaturalist record #56471474 • 1 ♀; Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Puerto Madero ; 3 Feb. 2023; G.F. Durán obs.; iNaturalist record #148424314 • 1 ♀; Buenos Aires, Camino de la Ribera Norte 480, B 1641 Acassuso ; 34.4700° S, 58.4962° W; 2 Feb. 2019; “RAP” obs.; iNaturalist record #20342311 • 1 ♂; Buenos Aires, Punta Alta ; 38.8896° S, 62.0723° W; 11 Mar. 2021; “lor-en-zoo” obs.; iNaturalist record #71163087 • 1 ♂; Buenos Aires, Ramallo ; 33.4740° S, 60.0008° W; 21 Mar. 2021; A. Rotondo obs.; iNaturalist record #71791624 • 1 ♀; Córdoba, Alta Córdoba ; 31.3981° S, 64.1890° W; 17 Mar. 2023; A.A. Cocucci obs.; iNaturalist record #151426876 • 1 ♀; Córdoba, Córdoba ; 31.4342° S, 64.1913° W; 4 Mar. 2021; A.A. Cocucci obs.; iNaturalist record #70571934 • 1 ♀; Entre Ríos, Gualeguaychú; 32.9473° S, 58.3494° W; 24 Mar. 2018; “mendezcla7” obs.; iNaturalist record #23023156 • 1 ♀; Santa Fe, Las Colonias ; 11 Mar. 2023; G. Fernando Durán obs.; iNaturalist record #151516122 • 1 ♂; Santa Fe, San Jerónimo Norte ; 7 Nov. 2021; G. Fernando Durán obs.; iNaturalist record #100888380 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Feb. 2023; G. Fernando Durán obs.; iNaturalist record #149660519 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 12 Mar. 2023; G. Fernando Durán obs.; iNaturalist record #152194347 .

BRAZIL • 1 ♀; Rio Grande do Sul; 29.7248° S, 53.6609° W; 5 Mar. 2023; F.T. Sautter obs.; iNaturalist record #150339218 .

PERU • 1 ♀; Ayacucho, C.h Jose Ortiz Vergara, Ayacucho ; 13.1425° S, 74.2267° W; 3 Jan. 2022; J. Rodríguez Janampa obs.; iNaturalist record #104306493 .

Redescription

MEASUREMENTS OF LECTOTYPE. Body length 10.5 mm; ITW 1.9 mm; head length 2.1 mm; head width 2.9 mm; fore wing length 7.3 mm.

Both sexes

INTEGUMENT COLORATION. Dark brown to black except as follows. Mandible with apical third golden yellow in some non-type specimens. Mandible with basal two-thirds, labrum partially to entirely, scape and usually also pedicel and F1 to some extent (pedicel and F1 entirely dark brown/black in lectotype of E. osiriformis and some non-type specimens), tegula, coxae partially to entirely, trochanters to tarsi (excluding brown meso- and metatibial spurs) entirely, metasomal terga laterally, and metasomal sterna to some extent orange. Clypeus partially to entirely, pronotal collar (except laterally), pronotal lobe, mesoscutum along margins (and narrowly behind paramedian band in lectotype of E. osiriformis , lectotype of E. luteipes , and some non-type specimens), mesoscutellum, axilla, metanotum, mesopleuron extensively (more so in upper half than in ventrolateral half), and propodeum to some extent (in lectotype of E. luteipes and some non-type specimens) reddish brown. Fore wing membrane subhyaline, apically dusky. Hind wing membrane dusky subhyaline to hyaline.

PUBESCENCE. Face with tomentum densest around antennal socket. Tomentum slightly sparser on clypeus; upper paraocular and frontal areas and vertexal area mostly exposed. Pronotal collar with tomentum uniformly off-white. Mesoscutum with well-defined paramedian band of pale-yellow tomentum, tapering slightly toward and attaining anterior margin; pale tomentum otherwise mostly restricted to lateral and posterior margins. Mesopleuron with off-white, appressed, branched setae; densely setose except for two sparsely setose circular patches (one beneath base of fore wing (hypoepimeral area) and slightly larger one in ventrolateral half of mesopleuron). Metanotum with tomentum sparser medially, off-white laterally and reddish brown medially (uniformly off-white in holotype of E. paraensis and some non-type specimens). Propodeal triangle mostly glabrous, with (off-white to dark brown/gray) setae restricted to small lateral patches. Metasomal terga with bands of white to pale-yellow tomentum. T1 with basal transverse band complete or narrowly interrupted medially, apical transverse band narrowed or interrupted medially, transverse bands subparallel, discal patch transversely oblong. T2– T4 with medially interrupted apical transverse bands, that of T2 with pair of basomedially convergent anterolateral extensions. S2–S3 with apical transverse bands of white tomentum.

SURFACE SCULPTURE. Labrum and clypeus with punctures equally dense and nearly contiguous (most i <1d). Vertexal area somewhat sparsely punctate (some i>2d), especially around ocelli. Mesoscutum densely punctate (most i ≤ 1d) but interspaces well defined, shining. Mesoscutellum and axilla more sparsely punctate (most i≥ 1d); interspaces shining. Mesopleuron with punctures in upper half denser (most i<1d) than in ventrolateral half (i≤ 2d); interspaces shining; punctures similar in size throughout. Discs of metasomal terga with punctures very fine, dense (i≈ 1d), and evenly distributed; interspaces shining somewhat.

STRUCTURE. Labrum with pair of small subapical denticles, each preceded by discrete longitudinal ridge. Pronotal collar short (medial length ~½ MOD). Mesoscutellum weakly bigibbous, with lower posterior margin forming shelf-like ridge overhanging metanotum. Axilla extending beyond midlength of mesoscutellum but not as far back as its posterior margin; tip distinctly pointed and hooked (i.e., concave along medial margin), mesally unattached to mesoscutellum for ~ ⅓–½ medial length of axilla; lateral margin somewhat sinuate.

Female

T5 with broadly convex apical margin and large patch of white to off-white tomentum on each side lateral to pseudopygidial area. Pseudopygidial area circular, with setae glossy, predominantly grayish brown, and sparser centrally; apical margin with row of dense, appressed and suberect coppery to silvery setae. Pygidial plate apically truncate. S4 with apical transverse band of white tomentum. S5 straight in lateral view, with apical fimbria of coppery bristle-like setae; S5 otherwise covered in off-white tomentum.

Male

T5–T6 with medially interrupted apical transverse bands of off-white tomentum. T7, including much of pygidial plate, with long (≥ ½ MOD), dark brown/black appressed and suberect setae. Pygidial plate apically rounded and strongly downturned, with basal transverse ridge rather ill-defined and lateral margin somewhat sinuate. S4–S5 each with apical/subapical fringe of dense, long (> 1 MOD), curved, coppery to silvery setae, not contrasting strongly with bands of preceding sterna.

Distribution

Triepeolus osiriformis is the most widely distributed member of its genus in South America, ranging across much of the continent; not known to occur in the arid or temperate regions along the Pacific coast or in southern Patagonia ( Fig. 1G ).

Ecology

Host records

Unknown.

Floral records

Female and male type specimens of E. osiriformis were collected from the flowers of Vernonia Schreb. ( Asteraceae ) ( Schrottky 1910). Additionally, this species has been collected from the flowers of Acmella decumbens (Sm.) R.K.Jansen ( Asteraceae ), Verbena gracilescens , and V. intermedia (R.A. González-Vaquero, personal communication, 2022). Images on iNaturalist show this species visiting Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L. ( Asteraceae ), Aloysia gratissima , Baccharis L. ( Asteraceae ), Cirsium Mill. ( Asteraceae ), Coreopsis lanceolata L. ( Asteraceae ), Helianthus L. ( Asteraceae ), Pascalia glauca Ortega ( Asteraceae ), and Solidago chilensis Meyen ( Asteraceae ). Labels of examined voucher specimens further indicate that this species has been collected from Cuphea racemosa (L.f.) Spreng. ( Lythraceae ) and Wedelia triloba (L.) Hitchc. ( Asteraceae ).

Remarks

This species was previously known by the name T. nobilis ( Friese, 1908) . However, Rightmyer (2008) recognized the primary type of Epeolus nobilis (original combination) as conspecific with that of T. intrepidus (Smith, 1879) , a species from Mexico and the southwestern United States, and established the former as a junior synonym of the latter. Although Friese (1908) described E. nobilis in a paper on bees of Argentina, T. intrepidus is not known to occur anywhere in South America. According to Friese (1908), the types of E. nobilis came from an old collection of Hermann Burmeister in Argentina. The (male) lectotype of E. nobilis and a conspecific female at the ZMB each bear a label that says ‘Argentini 1900’, but this information does not conform with the expected collection locality or date. Most likely, the specimens were erroneously presumed to have originated in Argentina having been sent to Germany from the Burmeister collection at the MACN in Buenos Aires, where there are still two specimens of T. intrepidus (one female and one male) that might belong to the same series. Interestingly, whereas the female lacks a collection label, the male bears a small, green, poorly handwritten label indicating the word Mexico. The lectotype of E. nobilis has a separate label indicating only the letter M, which appears to be original and likely stands for Mexico. As Burmeister died in 1892, the specimens could not have been collected by him in 1900, which may instead indicate the year the specimens were received by Friese. Presumably, Moure (1955) confused T. nobilis with T. osiriformis based on Friese’s (1908) description of the former having a red mesoscutellum and there being only one species of Triepeolus in South America in which the mesoscutellum is red.

Epeolus osiriformis Schrottky, 1910 was described from both sexes. The MZUSP has a male labeled as the type and referred to as such by Moure (1955). Rightmyer (2008) referred to this specimen as the holotype; however, since Schrottky (1910) did not explicitly designate a holotype, the specimen is herein designated as the lectotype of E. osiriformis .

Moure (1955) regarded Epeolus luteipes Friese, 1916 and E. paraensis Friese, 1925 as synonymous with E. (now T.) osiriformis . The authors of the present study examined the primary types of E. osiriformis , E. luteipes , and E. paraensis and agree with Moure’s treatment. Epeolus luteipes was described from both sexes. A female syntype at the ZMB, which bears an orange label that says “Typus”, is herein designated as the lectotype of E. luteipes .

Figures

Fig. 1. Occurrence records (yellow circles) of species of Triepeolus Robertson, 1901 represented in South America. A. T. alvarengai Moure, 1955. B. T. atoconganus Moure, 1955. C. T. buchwaldi (Friese, 1908). D. T. cecilyae Packer, 2016. E. T. flavipennis (Friese, 1916). F. T. nemoralis (Holmberg, 1886). G. T. osiriformis (Schrottky, 1910). H. T. rufotegularis (Ashmead, 1900). I. T. tuberculifer Onuferko, Rightmyer & Roig-Alsina sp. nov.

Fig. 12. Triepeolus osiriformis (Schrottky, 1910). A, D. Female (AMNH M.G.R. Database No. 3709). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Female (AMNHAMNH_IZC 00292362/M.G.R. Database No. 3121), habitus, dorsal view. C. Male (AMNH M.G.R. Database No. 1329), habitus, lateral view. D. Pseudopygidial area, dorsal view.

Fig. 13. Axillae and mesoscutellum of male, dorsal view. A. Triepeolus flavipennis (Friese, 1916) (PCYU). B. T. nemoralis (Holmberg, 1886) (CNC 1801912). C. T. osiriformis (Schrottky, 1910) (AMNH M.G.R. Database No. 1329). D. T. tuberculifer Onuferko, Rightmyer & Roig-Alsina sp. nov., allotype (FSCA M.G.R. Database No. 3704).

Fig. 15. Left pro- and mesotrochanters of male, frontal view. A. Triepeolus osiriformis (Schrottky, 1910) (FSCA). B. T. tuberculifer Onuferko, Rightmyer & Roig-Alsina sp. nov., allotype (FSCA M.G.R. Database No. 3704), showing distinct protuberances (blue arrows).