Elliprhagio macrosiphonius, Han & Cai & Ren & Wang, 2019
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.2.4 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:84158919-975D-4118-B0FD-45449337902F |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0807A694-1CDE-4F30-9F72-13FD70E625D5 |
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taxon LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:act:0807A694-1CDE-4F30-9F72-13FD70E625D5 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Elliprhagio macrosiphonius |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Elliprhagio macrosiphonius sp. nov.
( Figs 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2 View FIGURE 2 , 3 View FIGURE 3 )
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0807A694-1CDE-4F30-9F72-13FD70E625D5
Holotype. CNU-DIP-NN2015101, well preserved, female. Paratypes. CNU-DIP-NN2015103, antennae and genitalia absent, sex unknown. CNU-DIP-NN2015105, antennae and genitalia absent, sex unknown. CNU-DIP- NN2015106, genitalia absent, sex unknown. All the type fossils are housed in the Capital Normal University, Beijing, China .
Type locality and horizon. Jiulongshan Formation, in the village of Daohugou, Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia, China (Middle Jurassic).
Diagnosis. As for the genus.
Description. Moderate-sized flies. Body and legs dark, abdomen covered with short hairs, and legs covered with short bristle. Head: Moderately large, spherical, occiput weakly convex and with short hairs in the lower part. Eyes bare, dichoptic in female ( Figs 1A View FIGURE 1 , 2D View FIGURE 2 ). The antenna almost as long as the head, scape short, triangular, pedicel longer than scape, bearing short hairs. Flagellum with 10 subsegments, the first segment enlarged obviously, almost two times wider than long. The following three segments slightly narrower than the previous segment in sequence, 5 th to 10 th segments getting narrower and shorter gradually, the terminal one conical, rather small and short ( Figs 1A, B View FIGURE 1 , 2A View FIGURE 2 ). Proboscis apparently long, exceeding the length of the head. Labrum long and strongly sclerized, the details of piercing structures indiscernible. Maxillary palpi two-segmented, much shorter than the proboscis. Labium fleshy, labella inflated and enwrapping the distal of the labrum and piercing structures ( Figs 1B View FIGURE 1 , 2D View FIGURE 2 ).
Legs: Coxae of legs bear moderately long setae. All trochanters bearing very short setae. Femora completely covered with short dense setae. Tibiae of legs slightly longer than corresponding femora, covered with short dense setae. Tibial spurs formula 0:1:1 ( Fig. 2B, C View FIGURE 2 ).
Wings: Broad and elliptic, pterostigma blurry, and jugal region undeveloped. Sc ended at the middle of costal vein, crossvein h close to the basal of wing. R 1 straight, covered with setae; R 2+3 sinuate at the middle, and sharply up-curved distally. Costal section between Sc-R 1 nearly as long as that between R 1 -R 2+3. Fork of R 4 -R 5 generally long, and nearly as long as the fork of M 1 -M 2. Crossvein r-m intersecting the upper margin of discal cell at the basal one third (1/3). Four medial veins present. M 1 slightly arched. Discal cell narrow, presenting at the middle of the wing. M 3 and M 4 converged distally. dM 3 with equal length to bM 3. Cell cu closed and with a very short petiole api- cally ( Fig. 2G View FIGURE 2 ).
Abdomen: Slender, nearly twice as thorax, covered with short setae. Cerci two-segmented, with short setae, 1 th segment nearly lobe-like and 2 th segment sub-oblong ( Figs 1C View FIGURE 1 , 2F View FIGURE 2 ).
Dimensions. Length of body 6.93‒9.38 mm; head 0.90‒1.08 mm; thorax 1.98‒2.62 mm; abdomen 4.05‒5.68 mm; length of wing 5.89‒6.22 mm; width of wing 2.22‒2.61 mm.
Etymology. The specific epithet, “ macrosiphonius ” is an adjective, and refers to the long mouthparts of this species. Gender: masculine.
Remarks. The flagellum of Rhagionidae shows significant morphological diversity that is generally used in the taxonomic treatment. Most extant and Cenozoic rhagionids have little segmented flagellum that the distal part is shrunk to a thin appendage, called arista. However, multi-segmented flagellum is often present in Mesozoic rhagionids. The Middle Jurassic species of Trichorhagio gregarius from Daohugou possesses a nine-segmented flagellum, see figs 1F, 2B in Zhang (2013). It is notable that antennae with 10-segmented flagellum are reported for the first time in E. macrosiphonius gen. et sp. nov. from Daohugou. Therefore, it is deduced that the multi-segmented flagel- lum is likely a plesiomorphic character of Rhagionidae . Based on these antennal data, it seems that the antennae of rhagionids have a simplified trend leading to fewer and thinner flagellum segments from the Mesozoic to the present, even though phylogenetic relationships among fossil and extant rhagionids have not been clearly elucidated yet.
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