Tephritis kyrghyzica, Korneyev & Korneyev, 2019

Korneyev, Severyn V. & Korneyev, Valery A., 2019, Revision of the Old World species of the genus Tephritis (Diptera, Tephritidae) with a pair of isolated apical spots, Zootaxa 4584 (1), pp. 1-73 : 47-49

Tephritis kyrghyzica new species

( Figs 1d , 26–27 )

Type material: Holotype ♀: Kyrgyzstan: Bishkek, Tshon-Aryk [=Chon-Aryk, 42.785°N, 74.57°E], h= 1500 m, 5.06.1994 (Korneyev) ( SIZK).

Paratypes: Kazakhstan: Almaty Region: Koktal , Ketmen Ridge [43.73°N, 80.35°E], 2000–2200m, 13.06.1990, 1♂ (Ermolenko) ( SIZK) ; Shymkent Region : “Glinkovo 70km N Shimkent ” [=Aqmeshit, 42.93°N, 69.65°E], 6.05.1994, 1♂, 2♀ (V. Korneyev) ( SIZK) ; Kyrgyzstan: Bishkek, Tshon-Aryk [=Chon-Aryk, 42.785°N, 74.57°E], h= 1500 m, 5.06.1994, 38♂, 11♀ (Korneyev) ( SIZK) ; idem, h= 1060–1100 m, 42.785°N, 74.57°E, 20.06.1998, 1♂, idem, 19.06.1999, 1♂; 1♀ (Kameneva & Korneyev) ( SIZK) ; Talas ridge, Kara-Buura valley, 43 km of Kok-Sai , 42.39°N, 71.62°E, h= 1500–2000 m, 27.06.1998, 1♂ (Kameneva & Korneyev); Chatkal riv. valley, 41.685°N, 70.66°E, 15.3 km from Jangy-Bazar, 1.07.1998, 1♀ (Korneyev & Kameneva) ( SIZK) ; Eastern shore of Yssyk-Kul, Jety-Oguz , 26.06.1930, 1♂, 2♀ (M. Berg) ( ZISP) .

Diagnosis. Tephritis kyrghyzica new species can be separated from other Tephritis species by the following combination of characters: wing with moderately developed pattern partly extending into anal cell, 2 dark spots at the apices of R 4+5 and M veins isolated from the other wing pattern; cell r 1 with 2 or 3 hyaline spots distal of apex of vein R 1, large hyaline spots in r 1 and r 2+3 widely confluent to form bold M- or N-shaped mark, hyaline spot proximally of crossvein r-m present in cell r 2+3; crossvein r-m in entirely brown field or at most wit single hyaline spot in cell br; basal halves of cells dm and cua with brown bars reaching vein A 1 +Cu 2 and extending into basal part of anal cell; abdominal tergites dark brown, white setulose and setose; oviscape reddish brown and partly white setulose.

T. kyrghyzica is very similar to T. ghissarica in its wing pattern, differing by its dark brown coloration (paler in T. ghissarica ), abdominal tergites entirely brown (tergites 1–3 usually largely yellow in T. ghissarica ), oviscape dark, reddish brown (yellow to orange-yellow in T. gissarica ), and oviscape and aculeus conspicuously longer than 1.4 mm, and 1.2 of costal cell length (shorter than 1.3 mm, and at most as long as costal cell length in T. ghissarica ); in addition, aculeus of T. kyrghyzica is gradually pointed ( Fig. 27a – b ), whereas in T. ghissarica it is strongly pointed to apex ( Fig. 15a – b ).

Tephritis kyrghizica is similar to T. bardanae in having dark brown wing pattern with the hyaline spots in cells r 1 and r 2+3 confluent, forming M-like mark with small hyaline spot proximal of r-m, but clearly differing by having brown bars in basal half of cell dm extending into anal cell (in T. bardanae , basal parts of cells dm, cua 1 and a with isolated pale brown spots), pterostigma medially brown (in T. bardanae , with hyaline or yellowish spot medially) and oviscape reddish brown as long as 4 posteriormost tergites (in T. bardanae , oviscape reddish to entirely yellow, not longer than 2 posteriormost tergites).

Tephritis kyrghizica is similar to dark-winged specimens of T. hyoscyami and T. hendeliana in having wing pattern with the hyaline spots in cells r 1 and r 2+3 confluent, forming M-like mark with small hyaline spot proximal of r-m and dark bars in basal half of cell dm extending into anal cell, differing by having pterostigma medially brown (in the compared species, with hyaline or yellowish spot medially) and r-m either in entirely brown field or at most with 1 spot basally of it (in T. hyoscyami and T. hendeliana , with 2 or 4 hyaline spots surrounding it).

Description. Head, thorax and legs: As described for T. bardanae .

Wing ( Fig. 26b ): As described for T. ghissarica new species except as follows. Costall cell with small pale brown spot anteromedially or (in 25% of specimens) entirely hyaline. Cell r 1 hyaline at base, posterior of pterostigma brown, with 2 large trapeziform hyaline spots in middle of cell, separated by narrow brown bar; apex of r 1 entirely brown, rarely with tiny hyaline spot (5% of specimens). Cell r 2+3 hyaline at base, posterior of pterostigma brown, apically of R 1 apex with 3 (large, transverse trapeziform hyaline spots distall of r-m level 3–4 × as wide as 2 oval spots on both its sides narrowly separated from it and partly fused to hyaline spots in r 1, forming hyaline M-like mark in anteromedial part of wing. Preapical brown area (posterior to cell r 1 apex) with 1, rarely 2 small hyaline spots aligned to vein R 2+3.

Cell br hyaline in basal half, dark in apical half, with 2, rarely 3 (3% of specimens) hyaline spots. Crossvein rm either in entirely dark field, or with 1–2 spots at anterir margin (in 22%, in cell br, in 15% in both br and r 4+5). Cell r 4+5 at level of dm-cu with 1 large trapezoid or subquadrate (often 8-shaped, rarely large pear-like spot fused with smaller round hyaline spot), widely fused to largest hyaline spot in cell r 2+3 and connected to hyaline spots in cell m; medial third of cell r 4+5 brown, with 2–4 small round hyaline spots. Cell dm usually with hyaline basal onesixth, medially and apically dark with large pear-like hyaline spot posterior of crossvein r-m, and varously arranged, fused or separate small hyaline spts bsally and distally of it. Cell cua with 4 brown bars, of which subbasal 1 (first), crossing whole cell and extending into anal cell, leaving brown wing pattern uninterrupted from pterostigma to fusion of veins Cu 2 and A l; second bar either partly fused to subbasal along longitudinal fold, preapical nd apical brown bars in cua usually isolated. Anal cell dark basally. Anal lobe entirely hyaline.

Abdomen: Tergites black, densely grey microtrichose, white setulose and setose, marginal setae on tergite 5 of male and 6 of female black. Sternites black, densely grey microtrichose, white setose and setulose, male sternite 5 posteriorly incised. Female sternite 6 with anteromedial apodeme. Abdominal pleura matt grey.

Terminalia: Male. Epandrium and glans, ejaculatory apodeme typical for other Tephritis species ( Figs 27 d–f). Female. Oviscape brownish yellow, antero-dorsally and apically usually dark brown, as long as tergites 3–6 combined, white setulose ventrobasally and laterobasally, otherwise black setulose ( Fig. 26c ). Eversible membrane with 2 pairs of taeniae 0.35 × as long as membrane itself; membrane with moderately large dentate scales ( Fig. 27c ). Aculeus moderately long, 7 × as long as wide, evenly pointed to the tip ( Figs 27 a–b). 2 moderately long, papillose spermathecae, 6 × as long as wide ( Fig. 27g ).

Measurements: Female. BL=6.0– 6.5 mm (n=10); WL=4.5–5.3 (n=10), C2= 1.1–1.4 mm; AL= 1.6–1.9 mm; AL/C2=1.32–1.49 (n=10). Male. BL= 4.8–5.2 mm (n=5); WL= 4.2–4.8 mm (n=5).

Host plants. Possibly Cousinia spp., apparently C. severtsovii , from which it was swept at the type locality or also other species with moderately large flower heads.

Remarks. Tephritis kyrghyzica new species is believed to be closely related to T. ghissarica new species, both probably belonging together in the clade represented by T. bardanae , T. admissa Hering 1961 , T. robusta S. Korneyev 2013 , T. cameo S. Korneyev 2013 and some other species, which clearly form a monophyletic group according to phylogenetic analysis (S. Korneyev, unpublished data). This lineage includes apparently all the Tephritis species known to be associated with Cousinia spp. Tephritis kyrghyzica new species and T. ghissarica new species are very similar to T. admissa in wing pattern except the apical spots are isolated from each other rather than fused into an apical crossband and apparently are closely related to it. Both taxa are believed to have an area of sympatric occurrence in the Fergana valley, which is worthy of more detailed study to clarify if they do or do not deserve subspecies rank. See also the discussion under T. ghissarica new species.

Etymology. This species is named for its type locality, Kyrghyzstan, where the holotype and most paratypes were collected.

Figures

FIGURES 1a–h. Tephritis, spp. wings: a—T. bardanae; b—T. zernyi; c—T. ghissarica; d—T. kyrghyzica; e—T. hyoscyami; f—T. hendeliana; g—T. postica; h—T. theryi. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 15a–g. Tephritis ghissarica new species: a—tip of aculeus, ventral view; b—aculeus, ventral view; c—eversible membrane, ventral view; d—spermathecae; e—epandrium, posterior view; f—glans of phallus, lateral—g—ejaculatory apodeme, lateral. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 26a–c. Tephritis kyrghyzica new species: a—habitus ♀; b—wing; c—abdomen, dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 27a–g. Tephritis kyrghyzica new species: a—tip of aculeus, ventral view; b—aculeus, ventral view; c—eversible membrane, ventral view; d—epandrium, posterior view; e—glans of phallus, lateral; f—ejaculatory apodeme; gspermathecae. Scale bar = 1 mm.