Tephritis youngiana, Korneyev & Korneyev, 2019

Korneyev, Severyn V. & Korneyev, Valery A., 2019, Revision of the Old World species of the genus Tephritis (Diptera, Tephritidae) with a pair of isolated apical spots, Zootaxa 4584 (1), pp. 1-73 : 64-67

Tephritis youngiana new species

( Figs 2h ; 37–39 )

Type material: Holotype ♀: Kyrgyzstan: 10 km E of Kaji-Sai, Isyk-Kul S shore , h = 1630m, 42°10.6' N 77°17.7' E, “on Youngia sp.”, 16.07.1998 (V. Korneyev) ( SIZK). Paratypes: Kyrgyzstan: Chu Region: Boom Gorge / Konorchek Ravine , 42.60°N, 75.79°E, h = 1450–1800 m, 25.06.1996, 3♂, 1♀ (Kameneva & V. Korneyev); idem, h = 1450–1800 m, 0 2.08.1998, 1♀ (Kameneva & V. Korneyev), idem, 42.598096°N 75.809457°E, h= 1475m, 14– 15.2017, 3♂, 2♀ (S. & V. Korneyev) ( SIZK); Ysyk-Kul Region : 10 km E of Kaji-Sai, Ysyk-Kul S shore, h = 1630 m, 42.175°N, 77.29°E, “on Youngia sp.”, 16.07.1998, 35♂, 10♀ (Korneyev & Kameneva); 13 km NE of Kochkorka, Chu River valley , 42.297°N, 75.87°E, h = 1700 m, 19.07.1998, 1♀ (Kameneva & V. Korneyev) ( SIZK); Osh Region: Kichik-Alai Mts. , Isfairam-Sai basin NE of Lyangar, 45 km S of Kyzyl–Kiya, 39.81°N, 72.105°E, h= 2800–2850 m, 0 5.07.1999, 20♂, 4♀; idem, 39.827°N, 72.185°E, h= 3000m, idem, 42 km S. of Kyzyl– Kiya, Kichik–Alai Ridge, Isfairam-Sai between Langar & Surmetash, 39.835°N, 72.095°E, h= 1800–1900 m, 31.07.1999, 3♂ (Kameneva & V. Korneyev) ( SIZK); Lyangar near Taldyk r., N Alai ridge [39.81°N, 72.09°E], 14.07.1928 1♀ (Veltishchev); Mangor Ravine, 14.07.1928, 1♀ (Kuznetsov); ( ZISP) .

Possibly T. youngiana (♀♀ unavailable): Mongolia: Kobdo Aimak , Bodonchin-Gol river, 12 km SW of Altay, 22.07.1970, 1♂ (Narchuk) ( ZISP) .

Diagnosis. Tephritis youngiana is a medium-sized species with wing length 3.7–4.1 mm. It can be easily differentiated from all other Tephritis species by the following combination of characters: basal part of wing is almost hyaline, wing pattern begins on the level of pterostigma and is almost as straight as line from pterostigma to posterior edge of the wing ( Figs 37b – f ). Similar wing pattern is usual for T. dilacerata , but it has more developed pattern in the basal part of wing. T. youngiana differs from all other species considered here by extremely short ovipositor (oviscape conspicuously shorter than last tergites 5 and 6 combined, and short obtuse angled aculeus AL<0.7 mm) ( Figs 38 a–b).

Description. Head: Yellow, with V-shaped black mark on occiput and black ocrllar triangle; shape as in T. bardanae ; length: height: width ratio 1: 1.1: 1.4. Frons as wide as long. Eye 1.4 × as high as long. First flagellomere of antenna 1.5–1.6 × as long as wide, almost angulate at apex. Gena 0.5 × as high as length of first flagellomere. Ocellar, medial vertical, anterior orbital and frontal setae brown; other setae including posterior orbital white to yellowish white; postocular and genal setulae mixed black and white, setulae on distal part of palpus and on pedicel black. Antenna yellow to dark ochreous, arista black except reddish base.

Thorax: Scutum black medially, brownish yellow laterally and posteriorly, scutellum laterally and posteroventrally, postpronotal lobes, notopleural triangle, dorsal and posterior parts of anepister scutellum brownish yellow, densely ochreous grey microtrichose. Thoracic setae usual for Tephritis ; all dark brown or black (posterior anepisternal and anepimeral setae brown), except posterior notopleural seta white and lanceolate. Apical scutellar seta 1/3 as long as basal scutellar seta. Calypteres white, with whitish fringe; upper calypter conspicuously lobate; almost as long as wide, lower calypter narrow. Halter yellow.

Legs: Entirely yellow. Fore femur with 2 rows of posterodorsal setae, of them basal 3–5 white, and others brown to black, and 1 row of longer posteroventral setae, white in basal half (5–7 setae) and brown in apical half (6–7 setae). Hind tibia with parallel rows of yellow to dark brown or black setulae and distinct anterodorsal row of dark brown to black setae on basal 2/3, longest seta about as long as width of tibia; hind femur with black setulae on dorsum.

Wing ( Figs 3 7a – f ): Cell bc hyaline. Cell c with brownish base and small brown spot at middle. Pterostigma either entirely brown or, in 30% of specimens, with hyaline spot. Cell r 1 hyaline at base, brown posterior to pterostigma, 2 trapeziform hyaline spots in r 1 separated by narrow dark interval; apex of r 1 entirely brown or with small hyaline spot. Base r 2+3 hyaline, brown posterior to pterostigma, with 2 large trapeziform and 1 small hyaline spots posterior to hyaline spots in r 1 separated by narrow dark interval anterior to r-m. Preapical brown area (posterior to cell r 1 apex) usually with 3 tiny hyaline spots. Apex hyaline with small dark spot on R 4+5 vein.

Cell br hyaline in basal half, dark on pterostigma level and apical half, usually with 1–2 round hyaline dots. Crossvein r-m with 4 hyaline spots which can merge. Cell r 4+5 with 2 round hyaline spots on dm-cu level; most of cell r 4+5 brown; with 3–8 tiny round hyaline spots, subapical hyaline space in cell r 4+5 almost rectangular, apex with large rectangular dark spot on M vein.

Cell dm with hyaline base, dark brown in distal 3/4, with several small round hyaline dots, and 2 large spots sometimes partly fused to form a pear-like spot posterior of r-m. Cell m very variable with 4 large partly merged hyaline spots, and 2–4 small round dotss. Basal half of cua hyaline, with wide brown areas at middle and apex separated by large hyaline area of irregularly confluent spots. Anal cell with pale dark spot. Anal lobe hyaline.

Abdomen: Abdominal tergites black, syntergite 1+2 often mostly yellow, tergites 3–5 in 45% of specimens brownish yellow at lateral and posterior margins; densely grey microtrichose, white setulose and setose; male tergite 5 and female tergites 5 and 6 with black marginal setae. Sternites yellow to black, white setulose, moderately wide, male sternite 5 posteriorly incised. Female sternite 6 with anteromedial apodeme. Abdominal pleura matt grey.

Terminalia: Male. Epandrium and glans similar to those of other Tephritis species ( Figs 38 e–f). Female. Oviscape shorter than abdominal tergites 4 and 5 combined, reddish brown to black, basally white setulose on both dorsal and ventral side, apically brown setulose. Eversible membrane with 2 pairs of taeniae 0.4–0.45 × as long as membrane itself; whole surface of membrane with small dentate scales of equal size ( Fig. 38c ). Aculeus 4 × as long as wide, with widely blunt angled apex ( Figs 38 a–b). 2 short round, papillose spermathecae 2.5 × as long as wide ( Fig. 38d ).

Measurements. Female. BL=4.2–4.5; WL=4.0– 4.5 mm, C2=1.0– 1.1 mm; AL= 0.50–0.54 mm; AL/C2 =0.48– 0.52 (n=5). Male. BL= 3.7–4.3 mm (n=5); WL= 3.8–4.3 mm (n=5).

Host plants. Specimens were swept from stands of Youngia sp. cf. tenuifolia (= Crepis tenuifolia auctt.) believed to be its host plant. Species occurs on alluvial valleys of creeks at h = 1600–2900 m ( Figs 39 a–b).

Distribution. Kyrgyzstan, possibly Mongolia.

Etymology. The name is derived from the host plant generic name Youngia (often considered a younger synonym of Crepis ).

Figures

FIGURES 2a–h. Tephritis, spp. wings: a—T. valida; b—T. kogardtauica; c—T. dilacerata dilacerata; d—T. dilacerata kaszabi; e—T. kovalevi kovalevi; f—T. kovalevi kumana; g—T. formosa; h—T. youngiana. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 3a–h. Tephritis, spp. wings: a—T. truncata; b—T. stictica; c—T. arsenii; d—T. arsenii (paratype); e—T. ruralis; f— T. tridentata; g—T. conyzifoliae; h—T. crepidis. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 4a–g. Tephritis arsenii: a—habitus ♀; b—wing; c—glans of phallus, lateral; d—tip of aculeus, ventral view; eaculeus, ventral view; f—spermathecae; g—eversible membrane, ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm, e = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 5a–f. Tephritis bardanae: a—habitus ♀; b—syntype of Trypeta confusa Meigen; c–f—wing. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 6a–g. Tephritis bardanae: a—tip of aculeus, ventral view; b—aculeus, ventral view; c—eversible membrane, ventral view; d—spermathecae; e—eggs; f—epandrium, posterior view; g—glans of phallus, lateral. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 7a–f. Tephritis conyzifoliae: a—habitus (paratype) ♀; b—aculeus, ventral view; c—tip of aculeus, ventral view; d—eversible membrane, ventral view; e—spermathecae; f—glans of phallus, lateral. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 37a–f. Tephritis youngiana new species: a—Paratype, habitus ♂; b–f—wing. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 38a–f. Tephritis youngiana new species: a—tip of aculeus, ventral view; b—aculeus, ventral view; c—eversible membrane, ventral view; d—spermathecae; e—glans of phallus, lateral; f—epandrium, posterior view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 39a–b. Natural habitat of T. youngiana new species and the host plant Youngia sp: a—stand of Youngia sp. near pond; b—flower head of Youngia sp.