Fiorinia theae Green, 1900

Ahmed, Muhammad Z., Moore, Matthew R., Rohrig, Eric A., McKenzie, Cindy L., Liu, Di, Feng, Jinian, Normark, Benjamin B. & Miller, Douglass R., 2021, Taxonomic and identification review of adventive Fiorinia Targioni Tozzetti (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Diaspididae) of the United States, ZooKeys 1065, pp. 141-203 : 141

Fiorinia theae Green, 1900

Field characteristics.

First-instar exuviae overlapping second-instar exuviae. Without indentation between attachment of first- and second-instar exuviae. Second-instar exuviae oval, convex marginally; light gray to nearly black; longitudinal ridge conspicuous. Posterior end of adult female within second-instar exuviae rounded. Heavily infested leaves with extensive white secretion (Suppl. material 1: Fig. S1).

First-instar nymph.

Described in Howell (1977).

Second-instar female.

Median lobes broad, equal to or wider than width of medial lobule of second lobe, projecting ca. same amount or slightly less than medial lobule of second lobes. With four pairs of marginal macroducts. Swelling of body margin adjacent to macroduct usually rounded. With three large gland spines on margin of each side of body from abdominal segments II-IV; usually with small gland spine on each side of abdominal segments V and VI; without small gland spines on abdominal segment I. With three microducts on each side of head. Longitudinal line of microducts present submarginally on venter of abdominal segments II-VI, normally with 1-5 microducts on each side of each segment. Small lobular projections anteriorly on head sometimes present. Cicatrix present on dorsal submargin of abdominal segment I.

Notes.

We have been unable to find characters that consistently separate second-instar females of F. proboscidaria and F. theae .

Second-instar male.

Two duct clusters on each side of body, anterior cluster without communal duct, posterior cluster composed of two communal ducts without associated smaller ducts. Five longitudinal lines of microducts on venter of abdomen (one medial, two mediolateral and two submarginal). Without cluster of small microducts with sclerotized orifice laterad of anterior spiracle (sometimes with one duct present). Fewer than five gland spines on each side of body between anterior and posterior spiracles. Antennae each with one enlarged seta. Some specimens with small protrusions that are remnants of legs.

Florida collection records.

Alachua Co., Alachua, October 1, 2012, Camellia sp., C. Jones, (2012-7479) (2 slides); Alachua Co., Gainesville, February 10, 1965, on Camellia japonica , A.E. Graham (1965-0345); Alachua Co., Gainesville, October 16, 1973, on Citrus mitis , F. Collins (1973-3065); Alachua Co., Gainesville, October 25, 1979, on Citrus sp., R.I. Sailer (1979-1513); Alachua Co., Gainesville, March 20, 1991, on Ilex sp., F. Bennet (1991-2953); Alachua Co., Gainesville, March 20, 1991, on Ilex sp., F. Bennett (1991-001-002) (2 slides); Alachua Co., Gainesville, July 19, 1991, on Ilex sp., F. Bennett (1991-0383) (3 Slides); Alachua Co., Gainesville, December 3, 1991, on Ilex sp., F. Bennet (1991-002-003) (2 slides); Alachua Co., Gainesville, October 16, 1992, Ilex sp., F. Bennett (1992-001); Alachua Co., Gainesville, April 15, 1999, on Ilex sp., D. Strosnider (1999-383) (2 slides); Alachua Co., Gainesville, July 2011, on Ilex cornuta , Shirley Vogel (2011-4847); Alachua Co., Gainesville, February 2012, on Camellia sasanqua , D. Feiber (2012-1006) (3 slides); Alachua Co., Gainesville, January 8, 2013, on Illicium floridanum , M. Frank (2013-102) (2 slides); Alachua Co., Gainesville, December 1, 2013, on Camellia sp., T. Harris (2013-8692); Alachua Co., Hawthorne, February 26, 1971, on Aucuba japonica , E.W. Holder (1971-2976) (5 slides); Baker Co., Macclenny, March 14, 1968, on Ilex latifolia , H.W. Collins (1968-351) (2 slides); Baker Co., Macclenny, October 21, 1975, on Ilex cornuta , C. Webb (1975-411); Bay Co., Panama City, March 8, 1978, on Euonymus sp., A.E. Graham (1978-003); Brevard Co., Grant, June 15, 1962, on Camellia sp., H.C. Levan (1962-0388); Citrus Co., Hernando, August 15, 1979, on Ilex cornuta , R.H. Phillips (1979-1604) (2 slides); Collier Co., Naples, November 13, 2012, on Ilex sp., S. Krueger (2012-8615) (2 slides); Collier Co., Naples, November 13, 2012, on Ilex sp., S. Krueger (2012-8618) (2 slides); Dixie Co., Old Town, November 19, 1979, on Euonymus sp., F. McHenry (1979-1664) (3 slides); Dixie Co., Suwannee, May 22, 1978, on Citrus nobilis , A.E. Graham and A. Hamon (1978-1601) (3 slides); Duval Co., Jacksonville, February 17, 1981, on Ilex cassine , H. Collins (1981-0352) (2 slides); Duval Co., Jacksonville, October 13, 1981, on Citrus sinensis , G. Virgona (1981-0460, 3056) (3 slides); Duval Co., Jacksonville, January 25, 2005, on Camellia japonica , J. Smith (2005-464); Duval Co., Jacksonville, October 26, 2010, on Ilex vomitoria , J. Brambila (2010-6593); Duval Co., Jacksonville, October 15, 2012, on Camellia sp., K. Theriault (2012-7841-7842) (4 slides); Duval Co., Jacksonville, October 25, 2012, on Citrus sp., K.Coffey, Lisa Hassell (2012-8102) (2 slides); Duval Co., Jacksonville, April 15, 2013, on Ilex sp., K. Theriault (2013-2501) (2 slides); Duval Co., Jacksonville, March 26, 2014, on Camellia sasanqua , L. Hassel (2014-2025) (2 slides); Escambia Co., Pensacola, March 10, 1991, on Camellia sp., F.D. Bennett (1991-0425, 3010) (2 slides); Flagler Co., Bunnell, January 11, 2012, on Ilex cornuta (2012-369) (4 slides); Gadsden Co., Chattahoochee, December 13, 1990, on Camellia sp., F. Bennett (1990-011-013) (3 slides); Gadsden Co., Quincy, January 28, 2005, on Ilex sp., B. Cecil (2005-901); Gadsden Co., Quincy, March 20, 2012, on Poncirus sp., M. Bentley (2012-1944) (2 slides); Hillsborough Co., Brandon, May 29, 1986, on Ilex sp., J. Felty (1986-0453); Hillsborough Co., Tampa, March 13, 2018, on Citrus x paradisi , M. Briceno (2018-1035) (3 slides); Indian River Co., Vero Beach, August 26, 2013, on Ilex sp., J. Kennedy (2013-6273); Jefferson Co., Monticello, November 29, 1973, on Citrus sp., W.H. Pierce (19730348) (2 slides); Lake Co., Clermont, February 7, 2012, on Camellia sp., H. Alred (2012-793) (3 slides); Lake Co., Eustis, January 22, 1965, on Camellia sp., A.L. Bentley (1965-1655) (4 slides); Lake Co., Eustis, April 29, 2010, on Ilex sp., M. Sellers (2010-2438) (2 slides); Lake Co., Eustis, May 3, 2018, on Camellia japonica , M. Sellers (2018-2334) (2 slides); Leon Co., Tallahassee October 13, 1919, on Camellia japonica , P.F. Robertson (1919-1619) (2 Slides); Leon Co., Tallahassee, August 8, 1976, on Citrus x paradisi , S. Beidler (1976-0423) (3 slides); Leon Co., Tallahassee, October 2, 1978, on Euonymus sp., Q. Anglin (1978-3073) (3 slides); Leon Co., Tallahassee, December 13, 1991, on Camellia japonica , F. Bennett (1991-0445) (3 slides); Leon Co., Tallahassee, April 6, 2015, on Camellia sp., M. Bentley (2015-1687) (3 slides); Madison Co., Pinetta, October 22, 1985, on Poncirus trifoliata , J. Thomas (1985-1596); Manatee Co., Duette, March 2, 2005, on Ilex cornuta , K. Pippenger (2005-1077); Manatee Co., Oneco, October 19, 1923, on Camellia japonica , D.F. Schwarts (1923-1594) (2 slides); Marion Co., Citra, March 2, 2007, on Ilex sp., F. McHenry (2007-1335); Marion Co., Citra, March 2, 2007, on Ilex sp., F. McHenry (2007-1335) (2 slides); Marion Co., November 15, 2010, on Camellia sp. (2010-7091); Marion Co., Reddick, November 15, 2010, on Camellia sp., S. Wayte (2010-7091); Martin Co., Jensen Beach, April 23, 2014, on Ilex opaca , L. West (2014-2807) (2 slides); Martin Co., Stuart, December 13, 1979, on Raphiolepis umbellata , R. Gaskalla (1979-2966) (3 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, December 6, 2012, Ilex sp., O. Garcia (2012-9157) (2 slides); Miami-Dade Co., Surfside, March 1, 2018, on Citrus sp., O. Garcia (2018-788) (2 slides); Nassau Co., Fernandina Beach, November 7, 2017, on Citrus sp., R. Leahy (2017-4261) (2 slides); Nassau Co., Yulee, September 21, 2012, on Ilex sp., R. Traya (2012-7169) (2 slides); Nassau Co., Yulee, March 14, 2013, on Ilex vomitoria , R. Traya (2013-1586) (2 slides); Nassau Co., Yulee, July 25, 2016, on Ilex cornuta , R. Traya (2016-3604); Orange Co., April 30, 2002, on Citrus reticulata , L. Brown (2002-1644); Orange Co., Apopka, January 30, 1990, on Ilex vomitoria , C. Murphy (1990-0353) (4 slides); Orange Co., Apopka, November 17, 1998, on Camellia japonica , L. Wilber (1998-3011) (5 slides); Orange Co., Apopka, April 20, 2002, on Citrus reticulata , L. Brown (2002-1644) (2 slides); Orange Co., Apopka, March 8, 2012, on Ilex sp., K. Gonzalez (2012-1575) (2 slides); Orange Co., Orlando, February 3, 1977, on Camellia sp., D.A. Graddy (1977-1514) (6 slides); Orange Co., Orlando, April 19, 2010, on Citrus reticulata , L. Russe (2010-2055); Orange Co., Orlando, February 16, 2012, on Ilex sp., R. Lopez (2012-1048) (3 slides); Orange Co., Orlando, February 2013, on Theaceae, A. Puppelo (2013-1127); Orange Co., Orlando, August 20, 2014, on Camellia japonica , T. Lyons (2014-5856) (2 slides); Orange Co., Pine Castle, February 5, 1962, on Camellia sp., A.C. Crews (1962-0333) (2 slides); Orange Co., Maitland, July 30, 1970, on Camellia japonica , E.R. Simmons (1970-1516) (2 slides); Palm Beach Co., West Palm Beach, October 9, 1979, on Persea americana , N. Miles (1979-029-032) (4 slides); Palm Beach Co., West Palm Beach, October 17, 2012, on Citrus sp., M. Clark (2012-7966) (2 slides); Pasco Co., Lutz, November 3, 2011, on Citrus sinensis , L. Osbeck (2011-8420) (2 slides); Pasco Co., Odessa, December 21, 2011, on Ilex cornuta (2011-9392); Pinellas Co., Clearwater, November 15, 1962, on Senecio confusus , C.E. Bingaman (1962-1623); Pinellas Co., Gulfport, December 14, 1977, on Citrus aurantifolia , K. Hickman (1977-0370) (2 slides); Pinellas Co., Oldsmar, May 5, 2005, on Citrus sp., D. Albritton (2005-2337); Pinellas Co., Palm Harbor, February 2012, on Citrus maxima , G. Campani and J. Hawk (2012-1112) (3 slides); Pinellas Co., Palm Harbor, November 16, 2010, on Citrus limon , J. Brownstein (2010-7134); Pinellas Co., Safety Harbor, April 11, 2012, on Syzygium jambos , L. Alston (2012-2672) (2 slides); Pinellas Co., St. Petersburg, May 4, 1979, on Citrus reticulata , K. Hickman (1979-0469) (2 slides); Pinellas Co., St. Petersburg, March 25, 2010, on Illicium floridanum , G. Bernard (2010-1506); Pinellas Co., Tarpon Springs, February 18, 2012, on Citrus sp., K. Edgerton (2012-1039) (2 slides); Pinellas Co., Tarpon Springs, March 3, 2015, on Cinnamomum camphora , B. Rose (2015-928) (2 slides); Polk Co., Haines City, January 22, 2013, on Ilex sp., S, Distelberg (2013-0328) (3 slides); Polk Co., Winter Haven, December 12, 1960, on Camellia japonica , A.C. McAulay and V.K. Norton (1960-0374); Polk Co., Winter Haven, September 9, 1963, on Gardenia sp., L.H. Heeb (1963-1653); Polk Co., Winter Haven, December 2, 2013, Camellia sp., C. Gibbard (2013-8729); Putnam Co., East Palaka, August 1, 2018, on Citrus sp., M. Cain (2018-4101) (2 slides); Putnam Co., Pomona Park, December 12, 1968, on Euonymus americanus , A.E. Graham (1968-0454) (6 slides); Santa Rosa Co., Bagdad, January 29, 1970, on Eurya japonica , R.W. Albritton (1970-1654) (7 slides); Santa Rosa Co., March 5, 2012, on Camellia japonica , M. Anderson (2012-1534); Seminole Co., Longwood, July 30, 1970, Camellia japonica , E.R. Simmons (1970-3068); Seminole Co., Oviedo, January 31, 2013, on Cleyera japonica , J. Krok (2013-640) (2 slides); Seminole Co., Oviedo, March 13, 2013, on Ilex opaca , J. Krok (2013-1691); Seminole Co., Sanford, July 16, 2012, on Myrtaceae, J. Krok, (2012-5308) (2 slides); St. Johns Co., St. Augustine, May 24, 2013, on Ilex sp., K. Theriault (2013-3667) (2 slides); St. Lucie Co., Ft. Pierce, February 21, 2005, on Ilex cornuta , D. Vazquez (2005-4069) (3 slides); Sumter Co., Bushnell, January 12, 2012, on Camellia sp., H. Alred (2012-377) (3 slides); Sumter Co., Bushnell, May 7, 2010, on Camellia sasanqua , H. Alred (2010-2501); Sumter Co., Center Hill, April 17, 2012, on Camellia japonica , H. Alred (2012-2752) (4 slides); Suwannee Co., Brandford, November 22, 2010, on Camellia japonica , W.W. Bailey (2010-7236); Suwannee Co., Live Oak, December 22, 2004, on Camellia japonica , Wayne Bailey (2004-8133); Suwannee Co., Live Oak, February 19, 2008, on Camellia japonica , W. Wayne Bailey (2008-209); Suwannee Co., Live Oak, February 28, 2012, on Ilex cornuta , D. Ruseell-Hughes and K. Collins (2012-1341) (3 slides); Suwannee Co., Live Oak, February 28, 2012, on Ilex cornuta , K. Collins (2012-1329) (2 slides); Suwannee Co., Live Oak, July 24, 2012, on Aquifoliaceae, D. Russell-Hughes (2012-5483) (2 slides); Suwannee Co., Live Oak, February 19, 2013, Camellia sp., W. Wayne Bailey (2013-1082); Taylor Co., November 18, 2010, on Camellia japonica , W. Wayne Bailey (2010-7155); Taylor Co., Perry, March 6, 1978, on Citrus limon , Q. Anglin (1978-0397); Taylor Co., Perry, March 6, 1978, on Citrus limon , Q. Anglin (1978-034); Taylor Co., Perry, March 6, 1978, on Citrus limon , Q. Anglin (1978-035); Taylor Co., Perry, March 8, 1979, on Euonymus sp., Q. Anglin (1979-037); Taylor Co., Perry, March 8, 1979, on Euonymus sp., Q. Anglin (1979-1599); Taylor Co., Perry, February 7, 2007, on Camellia japonica , Wayne Bailey (2007-748); Taylor Co., Perry, November 18, 2010, on Ilex cornuta , W.W. Bailey (2010-7155); Taylor Co., Steinhatchee, May 24, 2010, on Ilex cornuta , W. Wayne Bailey (2010-2993); Volusia Co., Daytona Beach, FL, March 14, 1963, on Malpighia sp., J.N. Pott (1963-2963) (2 slides); Volusia Co., Orange Mills, October 6, 1964, on Fortunella sp., A.E. Graham (1964-0470) (16 slides); Volusia Co., Holly Hill, November 16, 1971, on Fortunella sp., J.N. Pott (1971-0366) (2 slides); Volusia Co., Daytona Beach, November 23, 1976, on Ilex cornuta , J.N. Pott (1976-0378) (4 slides); Volusia Co., Ormond Beach, April 18, 2008, on Ilex cornuta , K. Coffey (2008-2272) (3 slides); Volusia Co., Edgewater January 13, 2012, on Ilex cornuta (2012-263) (3 slides).

Specimens examined for description and diagnosis.

Little Rock , Arkansas, February 15, 1972, on Bradford Holly, 2nd ♀ ; Alachua Co., Gainesville , October 9, 2019, January 24, 2020 on Ilex sp., M. Borden, D. Miller 5 2nd ♂ (E2019-5696, E2020-287).