Diamella cupreomicans ( Oberthuer , 1883) Shi & Zhou & Liang, 2013

Shi, Hongliang, Zhou, Hongzhang & Liang, Hongbin, 2013, Taxonomic synopsis of the subtribe Physoderina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini), with species revisions of eight genera, ZooKeys 284, pp. 1-129 : 42-45

Diamella cupreomicans ( Oberthuer, 1883) comb. n. Habitus: Figs 13 46, 47 male genitalia: Figs 77 101 female genitalia: Figs 117 132

Diamella cupreomicans Oberthür 1883: 218 (original: Calleida ; type locality: Sumatra; lectotype deposited in NNML); Andrewes 1928: 590 ( Physodera ); Andrewes 1930d: 277 ( Physodera ; catalogue); Csiki 1932: 1347 ( Physodera ; catalogue); Andrewes 1936: 65 ( Physodera ); Kirschenhofer 1996: 763 ( Physodera ).

Allocota aerata Bates 1892: 425 (type locality: Birma: Bhamo; lectotype deposited in MSNG); Andrewes 1930d: 13 ( Allocota ; catalogue); Csiki 1932: 1348 ( Allocota ; catalogue); Andrewes 1936: 65 ( Physodera , synonymized with cupreomicans Oberthür); Jedlička 1963: 306 ( Allocota ); Kirschenhofer 1994: 1027 ( Allocota ). [Synonym]

Type examined.

Lectotype of Calleida cupreomicans Oberthür, designated herein (NNML): male, body length = 6.9 mm, board mounted, "Dr. B. Hagen. / Tandjong Morawa. / Serdang / (N. O. Sumatra)"; " type " [green label]; " Calleida / cupreomicans / R. Obr type "; "Museum Leiden. / Physodera / cupreomicans / Oberth / Det:"; “type” [red label]; "LECTOTYPE ♂ / Calleida cupreomicans / Oberthür, 1883 / des. SHI H. L. 2011" [red label][Fig. 46]. Paralectotype of Calleida cupreomicans Oberthür: 1 female (NNML), "Dr. B. Hagen. / Tandjong Morawa. / Serdang / (N. O. Sumatra)"; " Physodera/ cupreomicans / Oberth. / H. E. Andrewes det."; "Museum Leiden. / Physodera / cupreomicans / Oberth / Det:"; " Cupreomicans / sp. n. R. Oberth."; "PARALECTOTYPE ♀ / Calleida cupreomicans / Oberthür, 1883 / det. SHI H. L. 2011" [red label]. Paralectotype of Calleida cupreomicans Oberthür: 1 male (MNHN), “Type” [red label]; "Dr. B. Hagen. / Tandjong Morawa. / Serdang / (N. O. Sumatra)"; "Museum Paris / 1952 / Coll. R. Oberthür”; " Calleida / cupreomicans / R. Oberthür, Type / Notes Leyden Museum / Vol. V. 1883 p. 218 "; "PARALECTOTYPE ♂ / Calleida cupreomi cans / Oberthür, 1883 / det. SHI H. L. 2011" [red label]. Lectotype of Allocota aerata Bates, designated herein (MSNG): female, body length = 7.5 mm, board mounted, “Bhamò / Birmania / Fea VI 188 5 "; “TYPUS” [red letter]; " Allocota / aerata / Bates "; " aerata / Bates "; " Allocota / aerata / typus! Bates " [yellow label]; "SYNTYPUS / Allocota / aerata / Bates, 1892 " [red label]; " Physodera / cupreomicans / Oberth. / H. E. Andrewes det. 1933 "; "Museo Civico / di Genova"; "Museo Civico / di Genova"; "LECTOTYPE ♀ / Allocota aurata / Bates, 1892 / des. SHI H. L. 2011" [red label] [Fig. 47].

Notes on types.

Calleida cupreomicans Oberthür. A total three specimens was mentioned in the original literature. We found one of them in MNHN, the general collection of Lebiini , and the other two in NNML. All of them have Oberthür’s determination labels, and agree with original description. We herein designate the male specimen ( Fig. 46 ) in NNML as lectotype for taxonomic purpose of fixing the name to unique name-bearing type.

Allocota aerata Bates. The original literature didn’t mention how many specimens were studied. We found only one female in MSNG with Bates’ determination and type label. It seems that this specimen is the only syntype. We herein designate this female as lectotype ( Fig. 47 ) for taxonomic purpose of fixing the name to unique name-bearing type.

Non-type material examined

(Total 47 specimens). China: 1 female (HBUM), "Guangxi, Leye, Yachang Forestry Center, 2004.VII.24, Yu Yang & Gao Chao leg.". 1 male (IZAS), "Yunnan, Fugong county, Lumadeng, Yaping, Yamuhe, 27.13561°N, 98.84166°E, 1612m, 2007.X.7, beating, Shi Hongliang & Liang Hongbin leg.". 2 males (CAS), "Yunnan, Fugong county, Maji, Majimi, 27.40301°N, 98.82446°E, 1505m, 2005.VIII.26, beating, Liang Hongbin, Zhang Jinfeng leg.". 1 specimen (IZAS), "Yunnan, Fugong county, Pihe, Wawa, 2005.VIII.24, Liang Hongbin leg.". 2 females (IZAS), "Yunnan, Fugong county, Pihe, Wawa, 26.58548°N, 98.90467°E, 1120m, 2005.VIII.24, beating, Liang Hongbin, Zhang Jinfeng leg."[Figs 117, 132]. 1 male (CAS), "Yunnan, Fugong county, Pihe, Bajiao, 26.54816°N, 98.89576°E, 1120m, 2005.VIII.23, beating, Liang Hongbin & Zhang Jinfeng leg.". 1 female (IZAS), "Yunnan, Longyang, Mangkuan, Baihualing, 25.30367°N, 98.80031°E, 1625m, 2007.X.10, on shrubs, Liang Hongbin leg.". 2 males (IZAS), "Yunnan, Tengchong county, Hehua, Nangyan, 24.94046°N, 98.38541°E, 1150m, 2006.VI.2, on vegetation, Liang Hongbin leg."[Fig. 101]. 2 males, 1 female (CAS), "Yunnan, Tengchong county, Mangbang, Longwenqiao, 25.02396°N, 98.67675°E, 1285m, 2006.VI.5, on shrubs, D. Kavanaugh & R. Brett leg.". 1 female (CAS), "Yunnan, Tengchong county, Qingshui, Rehai, 24.94919°N, 98.44921°E, 1450m, 2006.VI.1, on vegetation, D. Kavanaugh & R. Brett leg.". 1 specimen (IZAS), "Yunnan, Tengchong county, Mangbang, Longwenqiao, 2006.VI.5, Beating, Liang Hongbin leg.". 1 male (HBUM), "Yunnan, Yangbi county, Shunbi, 2004.V.21, Yang Xiujuan & Liu Yushuang leg.". 1 female (IZAS), "Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menglun Botany Garden, 2009.XII.1, Tang G. leg.". 1 female (HBUM), "Yunnan, Yingjiang county, 2004.V.17, Yang Xiujuan & Liu Yushuang leg.". 2 males (HBUM), "Yunnan, Gengma county, Mengding, 2004.VIII.6-7, Li Jing, Yuan Caixia leg.". 1 male (IZAS), "Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla, 620-650m, 1959.V.29, Zhang Yiran leg". 1 female (IZAS), "Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Damenglong, 650m, 1958.V.3, Hong Chunpei leg.". 1 female (IZAS), " Hainan, Changjiang county, Bawangling, Est. 2 station, 19.09901°N, 109.17540°E, 1015m, 2007.V.9, light trap, Liang Hongbin leg.". 2 males (IZAS), "Hainan, Baisha county, Nankai, 19.07926°N, 109.41133°E, 262m, 2009.XI.22, Liang Hongbin leg.". 1 male (IZAS), "Hainan, Yinggeling, Hongkan Reservoir, 19.08121°N, 109.49839°E, 525m, 2009.XI.24, Liang Hongbin leg."[Figs 13, 77]. Vietnam: 5 males 1 female (IZAS), "Tonkin, Hoa-Binh, 1939.VII, leg. A. de Cooman". 1 female (IZAS)"Tonkin, Hoa-Binh, leg. A. de Cooman". 1 female (MNHU), "Annam, Phuc-Son, Nov. Dez., H. Fruhstorfer". 1 specimen (MNHN), "Tan Hoa, Indochine, VI-43". Laos: 1 specimen (CMB), "Laos, 34 km nnw., Lanau Nam Pho, 5.5.2005, leg. Yokoi". 1 specimen (NHML), "Laos, nam mia, 31-IV.1918, R. Vitalis de Salvaza". Malaya: 1 specimen (NHML), "Malaya, Kuala Lumpur., at night, Jan. 9.1924". Borneo: 1 specimen (MNHN), "Nord Borneo, Mont Kina Balu, 5-8-1903, John Waterstradt". 1 female (NHML), "Sarawak:, foot of Mt. Dulit, Junction of rivers, Tinjar & Lejok.,25.ix,1932". 1 female (NHML), "Pagat, Borneo, 8/82, Grabowth". Sumatra: 1 specimen (NHML), "Sumatra, Manna 1901, M. Knappert.". 3 specimens (MNHN), "Paggar Alam, Sumatra, J. Bouchard". Java: 1 specimen (NHML), "Java merid., Palabuan 1892, H. Fruhstorfer".

Diagnosis.

Vertex strongly tumid, forming horn-like humps at posterior supraorbital seta insertions; pronotal front angles strongly narrowed; elytral base wide, hind wings developed; elytra copperish to dark green, strongly metallic; elytra with some setae along striae. Comparison with the other two species of this genus is presented in the key above and diagnosis under those species.

Description.

Body length 6.9-8.0 mm; head and pronotum dark brown, lateral explanate areas of pronotum paler; elytra copperish to dark green, strongly metallic; mouthparts and antennae brown, apices of terminal labial palpomeres yellow; legs dark brown, with faint metallic reflection, tarsomeres brown; ventral side brownish with luster. Head without punctures or microsculpture, vertex with a few setae; tempora slightly shorter than length of eyes; vertex strongly tumid, forming horn-like humps at posterior supraorbital seta insertions, posterior supraorbital setae distant from eyes; labrum slightly widened to apex, apical margin straight or slightly curved. Pronotum slightly wider than head, widest at apical one-third; ratio PW/PL 1.27-1.35; pronotal base strongly lobed; front angles distinctly narrowed, not projected forward; lateral margins slightly expanded in middle, slightly rounded but not angulate, strongly sinuate before hind angles; hind angles acute or subrectangular, distinctly projected; disc convex, microsculpture indistinct; lateral explanate areas wide and even; basal foveae slightly deepened; disc nearly impunctate, with a few punctures only along median line and in basal foveae; disc and basal area with a few long setae, lateral explanate areas glabrous; lateral margins with long accessory setae equidistant along full length, sometimes sparser on middle area; median line distinct, not reaching apical or basal margins; disc slightly rugose beside median line. Elytra wider than pronotum, shoulder not narrowed, hind wings well developed; elytral lateral borders narrow, not reflexed up; striae distinct, coarsely and irregularly punctate; intervals slightly convex, odd intervals with secondary pores, primary setigerous pores indistinct among the secondary pores, only two pores distinguishable: one pore on 5th interval base adjacent to 5th stria and one apically on 3rd interval adjacent to 2nd stria; striae with some setae, more abundant in 5th to 7th striae; umbilical series of 9th interval composed of 17-18 pores; 3rd to 6th intervals slightly depressed subapically; 7th and 8th intervals distinctly tumid near apex; elytral lateral margins with dense fine setae; epipleura pubescent. Ventral side. Prosternum with long pubescence, proepisterna glabrous; mesosternum nearly glabrous; abdomen hairy. Male genitalia with median lobe of aedeagus straight and flat, gently expanded to apex; dorsal side slightly pubescent subapically; left lateral margin slightly curved in middle; apical orifice opened apically; apical lamella placed on right side, triangular, width subequal to length in dorsal view; internal sac with main flagellum thick and slightly sinuous, distinctly grooved ventrally, nearly reaching apical orifice; trumpet-form expansion strongly expanded, nearly half length of main flagellum ( Fig. 77 ). Female genitalia. Spermatheca straight, short; apical fourth slightly widened, forming a weak globular expansion, with distinct ring-sculpture; subbasal part of spermatheca with faint ring-sculpture; spermathecal gland inserted near apical fourth of spermatheca, not branched, base slightly thickened and curved, slender and long, much longer than spermatheca ( Fig. 132 ). Apical segment of ovipositor scimitar-shaped, slightly curved outwards after middle, gradually narrowed to apex; length four times basal width approximately; inner and outer margins finely setose in apical half; apex very sharp and fine, with very narrow and long sclerotized extension ( Fig. 117 ).

Distribution

( Map 5 ). South China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan); Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo, Java).

Geographical variation.

Two females from Borneo differ from typical specimens by dark blue elytra, but other characters are identical with this species.

We dissected a paralectotype of Calleida cupreomicans Oberthür and a male from Yunnan, very close to the type locality of Allocota aerata Bates, and found that there were slight differences: specimen from Yunnan with median lobe of aedeagus a little more expanded to right side, and apical lamella slightly slenderer than that in the paralectotype of Calleida cupreomicans .

Notes on synonym.

After examining types of both species, Andrewes (1936) indicated that Allocota aerata Bates is a synonym of Calleida cupreomicans Oberthür. We also examined both types and confirmed the synonymy. Types of these two species come from far distant localities, but they are identical. The slight difference of genitalia between specimens is regarded as geographical variation.

Figures

Map 5. Known distribution of genus Diamella: ● Diamella cupreomicans (Oberthuer) ◆ Diamella kaszabi (Jedlicka) ★ Diamella arrowi (Jedlicka).

Figure 77. Median lobe of male genitalia, right-lateral, ventral, left-lateral, dorsal views of Diamella cupreomicans (Oberthuer), a specimen from Hainan.

Figures 13 - 18. Habitus, scale bars = 2.0 mm: 13 Diamella cupreomicans (Oberthuer), a specimen from Hainan 14 Allocota viridipennis Motschulsky, a specimen from Java 15 Allocota viridipennis Motschulsky, a specimen from Singapore 16 Allocota cyanipennis Heller, a specimen from Philippines 17 Allocota bicolor sp. n., a paratype from Hainan 18 Allocota aurata (Bates), a specimen from Japan.

Figures 43 - 48. Type materials, scale bars = 2.0 mm: 43 Holotype of Anchista pilosa sp. n. 44 Holotype of Metallanchista laticollis sp. n. 45 Holotype of Diamella kaszabi Jedlicka [= Diamella kaszabi (Jedlicka)] 46 Lectotype of Calleida cupreomicans Oberthuer [= Diamella cupreomicans (Oberthuer)] 47 Lectotype of Allocota aerata Bates [= Diamella cupreomicans (Oberthuer)] 48 Holotype of Lachnoderma arrowi Jedlicka [= Diamella arrowi (Jedlicka)].

Figures 95 - 110. Left and right parameres of male genitalia, scale bars = 0.2 mm: 95 Paraphaea binotata (Dejean), a specimen from Guangxi 96 Paraphaea minor sp. n., holotype 97 Anchista brunnea (Wiedemann), a paralectotype of picea Chaudoir 98 Anchista pilosa sp. n., holotype 99 Metallanchista laticollis sp. n., holotype 100 Physodera amplicollis van de Poll, a specimen from Taiwan 101 Diamella cupreomicans (Oberthuer), a specimen from Yunnan 102 Diamella arrowi (Jedlicka), holotype 103 Allocota aurata (Bates), a specimen from Tonkin 104 Allocota aurata (Bates), a specimen from Shaanxi 105 Allocota bicolor sp. n., holotype 106 Lachnoderma asperum Bates, a specimen from Taiwan 107 Dasiosoma ivorense Basilewsky, a paratype from Cote d'Ivoire 108 Dasiosoma quadraticolle sp. n., holotype 109 Orionella kathmanduensis (Kirschenhofer), a specimen from Nepal 110 Endynomena pradieri (Fairmaire), a specimen from Fujian.

Figures 111 - 125. Left ovipositors of females, ventral view, scale bars = 0.2 mm: 111 Paraphaea binotata (Dejean), a specimen from Guangxi 112 Paraphaea minor sp. n., a paratype from Hainan 113 Paraphaea philippinensis (Jedlicka), holotype 114 Anchista fenestrata fenestrata (Schmidt-Goebel), a specimen from Nepal 115 Physodera dejeani Eschscholtz, a specimen from Yunnan 116 Physodera eschscholtzii Parry, a specimen from Yunnan 117 Diamella cupreomicans (Oberthuer), a specimen from Yunnan 118 Allocota aurata (Bates), a specimen from Shaanxi 119 Allocota bicolor sp. n., a paratype from Guangdong 120 Lachnoderma asperum Bates, a specimen from Zhejiang 121 Dasiosoma bellum (Habu), a specimen from Guangdong 122 Dasiosoma maindroni (Tian & Deuve), a specimen from Tonkin 123 Dasiosoma quadraticolle sp. n., a paratype from Yunnan 124 Orionella lewisii (Bates), a specimen from Zhejiang 125 Endynomena pradieri (Fairmaire), a specimen from Taiwan.

Figures 132 - 137. Internal reproductive system of females, scale bars = 0.2 mm: 132 Diamella cupreomicans (Oberthuer), a specimen from Yunnan 133 Allocota aurata (Bates), a specimen from Shaanxi 134 Allocota bicolor sp. n., a paratype from Yunnan 135 Lachnoderma asperum Bates, a specimen from Zhejiang 136 Dasiosoma maindroni (Tian & Deuve), a specimen from Tonkin 137 Dasiosoma hirsutum (Bates), lectotype.