Botula

Kleemann, Karl, 2007, Catalogue and bibliography of Recent and fossil Botula (Bivalvia: Mytilidae), Zootaxa 1508, pp. 1-48 : 26

Botula references in Subfamily Crenellinae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1857

Round to modioliform, beaks more or less behind anterior end, anterior hinge margin thickened and vertically striated or with dysodont teeth, dorsal hinge margin usually finely vertically striated. Surface with radial sculpture commonly absent on median area or rarely smooth. Free living, nestling, rarely boring ( Soot-Ryen, 1969).

Gregariella Monterosato, 1883 ( Fig. 1 )

Type species. Modiolus sulcatus Risso, 1826 , by original designation, = Modiola opifex Say, 1825 , non of authors.

Diagnosis. Elongate, inflated, beaks incurved, umbonal keel angulated, radially striated anteriorly and posteriorly where striae end along oblique line, median part concentrically striated, periostracum hairy along umbonal keel, anterior and posterior dysodont teeth, margins crenulated ( Soot-Ryen, 1969).

Botulina Dall, 1889: 38 , type Modiola opifex Say, 1825

Tibialectus Iredale, 1939: 424 , type T. otteri Iredale, 1939

Gregariella splendida (Reeve, 1858)

Non Volsella splendida Dunker, 1857: 365 ,? syntypes: BMNH 1967564/1-3, size: 21.2-13.3-10.1 mm, 18.8-11.3-9.8 mm, and 16.3-9.5-7.5 mm respectively, type locality: California; Kleemann 1983: (23),? Volsella

Lithophaga (Botula) splendida ‘Dunker’ – H. Adams & A. Adams, 1858: (519); Kobelt 1881: (364), pl. 106, fig. 10, type of Botula ; Kleemann 1983: (23)

Lithodomus splendidus ‘Dunker’ - Reeve 1858: sp. 31, pl. 5, fig. 31,? syntype: BMNH 1984185, size: 12.4-6.1-7.7 mm, type locality: Sydney; Kleemann 1983: (23), = Gregariella

Lithodomus (Botula) splendida , - Chenu 1862: (156), fig. 775

Botula splendida Chenu – Lamy 1937: (46), = Modiolaria (Gregariella) splendida Reeve

Botula splendida Dunker - Stoliczka 1871: (370); Hedley 1901: (707), = Modiolaria splendida ; Iredale 1939: (415)

Botula splendidus Dunker - Paetel 1890: (200)

Geographic distribution: Sydney

Remarks. The probable syntypes of V. s p l e n d i d a (BMNH 1967564/1-3, negative 1623) have nothing to do with Gregariella but Volsella . Although referring to Dunker (1857), Reeve’s description and figure of his Lithodomus splendidus (1858: sp. 31, pl. 5, fig. 31), is a member of a hairy Gregariella . Chenu’s figure (1862, fig. 775) is the same as Reeve’s and Kobelt’s figure (1881, pl. 106, fig. 10) is a redrawing of Reeve’s. Thus, Kobelt’s selection of splendida “Dunker” as type of Botula should be ruled out (see Type species problem). Keen (1971: 67, fig. 135) attributed Dunker’s species to Lioberus , noting “three specimens from the type lot in the British Museum, not previously illustrated ”. BMNH 1967564/1, the largest, 21-12-? mm, is among the figured in Keen (1971), below the figure number 136.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Shell characters of boring mytilid genera Botula, Lithophaga, Adula, Gregariella, and of non-boring “ Notobotula ”. (a) left lateral view, (b) anterior view, (c) posterior view.