Apanteles (Choeras), Mason, 1981
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4545.1.4 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:16A2B7F0-01EB-408C-8E3A-B28EF9100BCF |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5932046 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/040B87B0-9C43-FFE2-3BD0-FB88FA512470 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Apanteles (Choeras) |
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Key to species of the genus Choeras in the West Palaearctic region
1 Fore wing, areolet usually completely closed (some specimens of C. dorsalis have vein r-m partially to entirely spectral, in those cases areolet may look slightly open but still is clearly mostly closed) ( Figs 4f View FIGURE 4 , 5f, 6f, 7f); shape of T1 variable...... 2
- Fore wing areolet usually entirely open ( C. formosus with very short and partially defined vein r-m, in that case areolet may look slightly closed but still is clearly mostly open) ( Fig. 3f View FIGURE 3 ); T1 narrowed posteriorly ( Fig. 3h View FIGURE 3 )........................ 8
2(1) Thorax entirely reddish-yellow........................................................ C. semele (Nixon, 1965)
- Thorax entirely black or dark brown....................................................................... 3
3(2) Metasoma dorsally mostly dark black or brown (T3+ entirely black or dark brown)................................. 4
- Metasoma dorsally mostly yellow (T3+ mostly yellow, with only narrow medial band darker)......................... 6
4(3) Areolet minute, almost obliterated (vein r more than 6.0× areolet width); hypopygium only ventrally narrowly membranous; propodeum posteriorly with some rugosity, without median longitudinal carina............. C. gielisi van Achterberg, 2002
- Areolet much larger (vein r less than 3.0× areolet width); hypopygium ventrally membranous; propodeum with distinct median longitudinal carina..................................................................................... 5
5(4) Pterostigma evenly brown; T3/T2 length 2.0–3.0; T1 slightly narrowed posteriorly; T1 posterior width 0.70× its maximum width; propodeum with a large smooth area between longitudinal median and lateral bands...... C. dorsalis (Spinola, 1808)
- Pterostigma with a yellow spot at base ( Figs 7f View FIGURE 7 ); T3/T2 length: 1.5–1.6; T1 parallel or sub parallel-sided, T1 posterior width 0.9–1.1× its maximum width; propodeum with a small smooth area between longitudinal median and lateral bands........................................................................................... C. tiro (Reinhard, 1880)
6(3) T1 length/ maximum width: 1.4, with two yellow bands on lateral sides, basal two thirds weakly sculptured to smooth (Fig. 5h); pterostigma with a small light spot basally (Fig. 5f); mouthparts not elongated; body length approximate 4.0 mm................................................................... C. qazviniensis Fernandez-Triana & Talebi sp. nov.
- T1 length/maximum width: 1.6–1.7, black, rugose (T 1 in basal one third of C. taftanensis rugose) ( Figs 6g View FIGURE 6 , 4h View FIGURE 4 ); pterostigma evenly brown or with an indistinct yellow spot basally; mouthparts slightly elongated; body L: 2.8–3.1 mm .............. 7
7(6) T3/T2 length: 3.5; suture between T2 and T3 more or less developed, crenulated; T3+ entirely yellow ( Fig. 4h View FIGURE 4 ); metacoxa and propleuron yellow ( Fig. 4d View FIGURE 4 )..................................... C. fulviventris Fernandez-Triana & Abdoli sp. nov.
- T3/T2 length: 2.0–2.2; T3+ yellow, with dark medial band ( Fig. 6g View FIGURE 6 ); metacoxa and propleuron black ( Fig. 6d View FIGURE 6 )...................................................................... C. taftanensis Ghafouri Moghaddam & van Achterberg
8(1) T1 relatively narrowed apically, posterior width shorter than T2 length or approximately equal to it..................... 9
- T1 relatively less narrowed apically, posterior width much longer than T2 length ( Fig. 3h View FIGURE 3 )........................... 11
9(8) Propodeum rugose, matt, with distinct median longitudinal carina; lateral margins of T1 sometimes slightly concave on posterior half........................................................................ C. ruficornis (Nees, 1834)
- Propodeum smooth or only slightly rugose, posterior region generally shiny, without median longitudinal carinal; lateral margins of T1 straight on posterior half...................................................................... 10
10(9) 15 th antennal flagellomere length 2.0× its width; T1 relatively strongly narrowed posteriorly, anterior margin about 3.0× wider than posterior margin; hypopygium evenly sclerotized, brown, without longitudinal folds along the lower margin; ovipositor sheath curved and about half as long as metatibia or slightly shorter....................... C. ciscaucasicus Tobias, 1971
- 15 th antennal flagellomere cubic or at most slightly elongated; T1 not so strongly narrowed posteriorly, anterior margin about 2.0× or slightly wider than posterior margin; hypopygium usually unevenly sclerotized, with well-marked longitudinal folds along the lower margin, usually non-uniformly coloured, ovipositor sheath approximately equal to metatibia, slightly curved downwards; propodeum usually with small rugose area posteriorly............................ C. tedellae Nixon, 1961
11(8) Propodeum smooth, without carination; tarsal claws distinctly pectinate; hypopygium uniformly and strongly sclerotized, without longitudinal folds along the lower margin, and completely black; fore wing vein 2RS curved; ovipositor sheath curved, slightly longer than half of metatibia; antenna extremely setose, comb like; metafemur black and robust, about 3.0× as long as wide; wings darkened............................................................ C. validus (Thomson, 1895)
- Propodeum with median longitudinal band of rugosity or median longitudinal carina; other characters variable.......... 12
12(11) Propodeum with complete median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 3e View FIGURE 3 )........... C. formosus Abdoli & Fernandez-Triana sp. nov.
- Propodeum without longitudinal carina, just with median longitudinal band of rugosity (sometimes with uncompleted longitudinal carina not reaching to anterior or posterior margin)...................................................... 13
13(12) Hypopygium along the lower margin strongly sclerotized, tightly folded in middle line but virtually without lateral creases; tarsal claws pectinate; anterior half of T1 frequently yellow...................................... C. arene Nixon, 1973
- Hypopygium along the lower margin weakly sclerotized, almost transparent and folded; tarsal claws simple with only some setae............................................................................................... 14
14(13) T1 parallel-sided on anterior half, posterior half gradually narrowing to posterior margin......... C. adjunctus (Nees, 1834)
- T1 gradually narrowing from anterior to posterior margin..................................................... 15
15(14) Face (or frons) with distinct punctures, rather matt; fore wing longer than body.......... C. gnarus Tobias & Kotenko, 1984
- Face (or frons) without distinct punctures or weakly punctate, shiny; fore wing as long as body..................................................................................................... C. parasitellae (Bouche, 1834)
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