Ctenitis glandulosa R.S. Viveros & Salino (2015: 6)

Viveros, Raquel Stauffer, Rouhan, Germinal & Salino, Alexandre, 2018, A taxonomic monograph of the fern genus Ctenitis (Dryopteridaceae) in South America, Phytotaxa 385 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

Phytotaxa 335 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press • 49 14. Ctenitis glandulosa R.S. Viveros & Salino (2015: 6) . Figs. 06B, 10A, 20 C. Type:— BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Castelo, Parque Estadual de Forno Grande , 1300 m, 20º30’58”S, 41º05’20”W, 26 June 2008, Salino, Heringer & Dittrich 13626 (holotype BHCB 026911 !; isotype UC!) .

Stems erect or ascending, 1.0– 2.2 cm diam., scales 3.0–11.0 × 0.1–1.5 mm, castaneous, subclathrate, lanceolate, entire or slightly denticulate, without fimbriae; leaves 58–104 cm long; petioles 19–45 cm × 1.8–3.6 mm, with 4 vascular bundles at base, brownish or tan, scales 3.3–13.0 × 0.1–1.5 mm, castaneous, subclathrate, tangled on petiole base, becoming patent or ascending towards distal portion, flattish, flaccid, lanceolate with cordate base and filiform apex, entire or slightly denticulate, with or without some short fimbriae at base and laterally, sparse catenate trichomes abaxially, sparse glandular trichomes; laminae 39–59 × 17–28 cm, width ca. 1/2 of its length, sometimes somewhat narrower or wider, 1-pinnate-pinnatisect basally, 1-pinnate-pinnatifid medially and apically, lanceolate, apex confluent; rachises brownish or tan, scales like those on distal portion of petioles, sparse catenate trichomes abaxially, sparse glandular trichomes; pinnae 14–25 pairs, the basal and medial ones stalked 12.0 mm long, the apical ones sessile, basal pinnae basiscopically and acroscopically somewhat equally developed, the medial 8.5–14.0 × 1.5–2.7 cm, lanceolate, incised more than 3/4 of the distance between the segment apex and costa, basal segments as long or longer than the next, apex acute or attenuate; adaxial pinnae axes scales absent, catenate trichomes dense on costa, sparse on costule and veins, bacilliform trichomes sparse on costule and veins; adaxial laminar surface between veins glabrous or with sparse catenate, bacilliform and glandular trichomes; abaxial pinnae axes with sparse scales on costa, 0.7–2.7 × 0.1–0.5 mm, castaneous, clathrate, ascending, mostly flattish, but can be vaulted at base, flaccid, lanceolate with cordate base and filiform apex, entire or slightly denticulate, without fimbriae, proscales to 1.0 mm long sparse on costa and costule, catenate trichomes sparse on costa, costule and veins, bacilliform trichomes sparse on costule and veins, glandular trichomes sparse on costa, costule and veins, filiform trichomes absent; abaxial laminar surface between veins with sparse catenate, bacilliform and glandular trichomes; segments 14–18 pairs, 2.8–5.3 mm wide, patent or subfalcate, entire to repand (smaller individuals) or crenate to serrate (larger individuals) towards apex, apex obtuse, margin with catenate trichomes, the distance from each other is narrower than segments width; veins simple or 1-forked at basal segments, 6–12 pairs per segment, the basal ones from adjacent segments end at margin well above the sinus; sori medial or supramedial, indusia conspicuous, entire, with glandular trichomes; spores with coarse folds.

Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Arataca, Serra do Peito de Moça , 1000 m, 15°10'25" S, 39°20'30" W, 16 February 2006, Matos et al. 988 ( CEPEC, RB); Prado, Parque Nacional do Descobrimento , 50 m, 16°59'21" S, 39°23'17" W, 29 October 2002, Salino & Jardim 8132 ( BHCB) ; Santa Teresinha , 750–800 m, 12°45' S, 39°32' W, 21 May 1985, Noblick & Lemos 3745 ( SJRP) ; Espírito Santo: Aracruz, Santa Cruz, July 1976, Bariia 1156 (R); Cachoeiro de Itapemirim , Pedra Branca , 100 m, 16 May 1949, Brade 19907 ( RB) ; Ibitirama, Parque Nacional do Caparaó , 20°27'58" S, 41°44'22" W, 9 February 2011, Souza et al. 1442 ( BHCB) ; São Mateus, Reserva Biológica de Sooretama , 30 m, 19°01'29" S, 40°02'30" W, 15 May 1977, Martinelli 2062 ( RB) ; Minas Gerais: Carangola, Fazenda Boa Vista , 30 May 1989, Salino 818 ( UEC) ; Distrito de Ilhéu, Fazenda da Tabunha , 16 November 1930, Mexia 4960-a ( UC) ; Paraná: Guaraqueçaba, Morro do Rio das Pacas , 20 January 1993, Prado et al. 482 ( BHCB) ; Pernambuco: Bonito, Mata da Colônia , 800 m, 08º30’14”S, 35º42’56”W, 25 September 2000, Santiago et al. 241 ( BHCB) ; Jaqueira, Usina Colônia, Mata da Turbina , 545 m, 8°32'21" S, 35°50'22" W, 20 May 2002, Lopes & Pietrobom 583 ( RB) ; Rio de Janeiro: Macáe, Frade de Macahé , 17–21 June 1937, Brade 15797 ( RB) ; Mangaratiba , Reserva Ecológica Rio das Pedras, 29 September 1998, Mynssen, C. 230 ( RB) ; Paraty, Ponta Negra , 15 March 2006, Bovini et al. 2540 ( BHCB) ; Teresópolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos , 22°29'14" S, 43°00'00" W, 22 October 2012, Salino et al. 15514 ( BHCB) ; São Paulo: São Bernardo do Campo, Rio Grande , 17 November 1958, Loefgren, s.n. ( NY) ; Praia Grande , 17 September 1898, Loefgren 4677 ( GH) ; São Luiz do Paraitinga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo de Santa Virgínia , trilha de Pau de Bala , 980 m, 23º19’22.8”S, 45º05’56.3”W, 22 June 2004, Salino et al. 9598 ( BHCB) ; Ubatuba, ao lado da estrada que desce para o Cedro , 23°27'46" S, 45°03'37" W, 4 February 1996, Salino 2534 ( BHCB) ; GUYANA. Region Potaro–Siparuni: Pakaraima Mountains , 04º54’N, 60º05’W, 1000 m, 26 January 1993, Henkel et al. 994 (US) ; Rupununi: S edge of Pakaraima Mountains , 500–1200 m, 04º10’N, 59º15’W, 05 January 1982, Knapp & Mallet 2852 (MO, UC) .

Habitat and distribution:—Terrestrial, mainly in semideciduous and rainforests in mountainous areas, 30–1780 m. Guyana and northeastern to southeastern Brazil ( Viveros & Salino 2015; Fig. 20C ; Tab. 01).

Notes:— Ctenitis glandulosa can be recognized by glandular trichomes on petiole, rachis, costa (abaxially),

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VIVEROS ET AL.

laminar surface (abaxially but sometimes also adaxially) and indusium. Such characters are illustrated in Viveros & Salino (2015). The presence of glandular trichomes on axes can confuse C. glandulosa with C. bigarellae and other similar species as C. christensenii , C. falciculata and C. paranaensis ( Viveros & Salino 2015) . Ctenitis glandulosa has a disjunct geographic distribution or a gap of collections. The specimens from Guyana are scalier, which scales are darker than the Brazilian specimens. See notes about C. bigarellae for further comparisons.

Figures

FIGURE 20. Distribution of four species of Ctenitis in South America. A: C. fenestralis. B: C. flexuosa. C: C. glandulosa. D: C. grisebachii.